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A Large-Scale Palaeozoic Dextral Ductile Strike-Slip Zone:the Aqqikkudug-Weiya Zone along the Northern Margin of the Central Tianshan Belt,Xinjiang,NW China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(english edition) 1999年第2期73卷 148-162页

作者： CHARVeT jacques Departement des Sciences de la Terre URM6530Universite d'Orleans45067 OrleansFrance

Abstract The nearly e-W-trending Aqqikkudug-Weiya zone, more than 1000 km long and about 30 km wide, is an important segment in the Central Asian tectonic framework. It is distributed along the northern margin of the Central Tianshan belt in Xinjiang, NW China and is composed of mylonitized early Palaeozoic greywacke, volcanic rocks, ophiolitic blocks as a mélange complex, HP/LT-type bleuschist blocks and mylonitized Neoproterozoic schist, gneiss and orthogneiss. Nearly vertical mylonitic foliation and sub-horizontal stretching lineation define its strike-slip feature; various kinematic indicators, such as asymmetric folds, non-coaxial asymmetric macro- to micro-structures and C-axis fabrics of quartz grains of mylonites, suggest that it is a dextral strike-slip ductile shear zone oriented in a nearly e-W direction characterized by “flower” strusture with thrusting or extruding across the zone toward the two sides and upright folds with gently plunging hinges. The Aqqikkudug-Weiya zone experienced at least two stages of ductile shear tectonic evolution: early Palaeozoic north vergent thrusting ductile shear and Late Carboniferous-early Permian strike-slip deformation. The strike-slip ductile shear likely took place during Late Palaeozoic time, dated at 269±5 Ma by the40Ar/39Ar analysis on neo-muscovites. The strike-slip deformation was followed by the Hercynian violent S-type granitic magmatism. Geodynamical analysis suggests that the large-scale dextral strike-slip ductile shearing is likely the result of intracontinental adjustment deformation after the collision of the Siberian continental plate towards the northern margin of the Tarim continental plate during the Late Carboniferous. The Himalayan tectonism locally deformed the zone, marked by final uplift, brittle layer-slip and step-type thrust faults, transcurrent faults and e-W-elongated Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins.

关键词： ductile thrusting dextral strike-slipping kinematic analysis Aqqikkudug-Weiya zone Tianshan Palaeozoic orogenic belt

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Some paradoxical observations about spheroidal graphite degeneracy

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China Foundry 2018年第6期15卷 457-463页

作者： jacques Lacaze Jon Sertucha CIRIMAT Université de ToulouseBP 44362F-31030ToulouseFrance Investigaeiòn y Desarrollo de Procesos Metalúrgicos IK4-AzterlanAliendalde auzunea 6E-48200Durango(Bizkaia)Spain

Differential thermal analysis experiments have been performed on samples machined from Y2-blocks cast with different high-silicon spheroidal graphite irons. Depending on magnesium, silicon, cerium and antimony content, the as-cast microstructure showed various levels of chunky graphite in the central part of the blocks. In contrast, the microstructure of the materials after remelting and resolidification during differential thermal analysis consisted of lamellar or compacted graphite. The formation of chunky graphite in the as-cast microstructure is rationalized using an index or silicon equivalent that has been recently suggested. The differences in the microstructures after differential thermal analysis are discussed in terms of available free magnesium. emphasis is finally put on the striking differences in characteristic size of the microstructures made of compacted graphite as compared to lamellar graphite and chunky graphite. This leads to tentative conclusions about growth of compacted and chunky graphite which would be worthy of further experimental investigations.

关键词： high-silicon spheroidal graphite iron graphite degeneracy compacted graphite chunky graphite

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Disturbance cues in freshwater prey fishes： Does urea function as an ＇early warning cue＇ in juvenile convict cichlids and rainbow trout？

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 250-259页

作者： Grant e. BROWN Christopher D. JACKSON Patrick H. MALKA elisa jacques Marc-Andre COUTURIeR Department of Biology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 CANADA

Freshwater vertebrate and invertebrate prey species commonly rely on chemosensory information, including non-injury released disturbance cues, to assess local predation threats. We conducted laboratory studies to （1） determine if urea can function as a disturbance cue in juvenile convict cichlids and rainbow trout and （2） determine if the background level of urea influences the behavioral response to a subsequent pulse of urea （＇background noise＇ hypothesis）. In the first series of trials, juve- nile cichlids and trout were exposed to urea at varying concentrations （0 to 0.5 mg L-1 for cichlids and 0 to 1.0 mg L1 for trout）. Our results suggest that both cichilds and trout exhibited functionally similar responses to urea and conspecific disturbance cues and that increasing the concentration of urea results in an increase intensity of antipredator behaviour. In the second series of trials, we pre-exposed cichlids or trout to intermediate or high concentrations of urea （or a distilled water control） and then tested for the response to a second pulse of urea at at intermediate or high concentrations （versus a distilled water control）. Our results demon- strate that pre-exposure to urea reduces or eliminates the response to a second pulse of urea, supporting the background noise hy- pothesis. Together, our results suggest that pulses of urea, released by disturbed or stressed individuals, may function as an early warning signal in freshwater prey species

关键词： Disturbance cue Metabolic wastes Chemosensory risk assessment Predator-prey interactions Convict cichlids Rainbow trout

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The Rion-Antirion bridge—when a dream becomes reality

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2011年第4期5卷 415-426页

作者： jacques COMBAULT 6-8 Avenue Blaise Pascal CitéDescartes 77455 Champs-sur-Marne Marne la Vallée cedex 2 ParisFrance

Opened to traffic in August 2004,the RionAntirion Bridge crosses the Gulf of Corinth near Patras in western *** consists of an impressive multi cablestayed span bridge connected to the land by two *** exceptional combination of physical conditions made this project quite unusual:high water depth,deep strata of weak soil,strong seismic activity and fault *** addition a risk of heavy ship collision had to be taken into *** structure has been designed in view of challenging severe earthquakes and ensuring the everyday serviceability of the link as *** make the bridge feasible,innovative techniques had to be developed:The strength of the in situ soil has been improved by means of inclusions;the bridge deck has been suspended on its full length,and therefore isolated as much as it can be.

关键词： bridge multi cable-stayed spans soil reinforcement inclusions yield theory capacity design pushover dry dock wet dock

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Modelling and mathematical results arising from ferromagnetic problems

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Science China Mathematics 2012年第5期55卷 1053-1067页

作者： DeSCLOUX Jean FLUeCK Michel RAPPAZ jacques Department of Mathematics Ecole Polytechnique Fdrale de Lausanne (EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland

Abstract In this article, we investigate the equations of magnetostaties for a configuration where a ferromagnetic material occupies a bounded domain and is surrounded by vacuum. Furthermore, the ferromagnetic law takes the form B=μ0μr（｜H｜）Hi i.e., the magnetizing field H and the magnetic induction B are collinear, but the relative permeability μr is allowed to depend on the modulus of H. We prove the well-posedness of the magnetostatic problem under suitable convexity assumptions, and the convergence of several iterative methods, both for the original problem set in the Beppo-Levi space W1（R3）, and for a finite-dimensional approximation. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical examples, which capture the known physical phenomena.

关键词： ferromagnetism nonlinear elliptic problems finite element methods optimisation algorithms

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Analysis of forestry impacts and biodiversity in two Pyrenean forests through a comparison of moth communities （Lepidoptera, Heterocera）

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Insect Science 2007年第4期14卷 323-338页

作者： CARINe LUOUe CHARLeS GeRS jacques LAUGA NeSTOR MARIANO Laboratoire Dynamique de la Biodiversit6 UMR5172CNRS/Universit6Paul SabatierToulouseFrance Institut fur Pharmazie und Molekulare Biotechnologie-Abteilung Biologie Universitat HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany evolution et Diversit6Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS/Universit6 Paul SabatierToulouseFrance CeAMISH-Universidad Aumnoma estadoMorelos CuemavacaMorelosCP:62210 Mexico

We have compared the biodiversity variations in moth communities between unmanaged forests and commercial forests in a mountainous environment （Pyrenees France）. The aim was to evaluate the impact of forestry activities on moth diversity. The data collected from the insects were analysed with a Bayesian specific similarity index （noted SSP index） and by statistical biodiversity indexes comparison. It was seen that diversity and richness were decreased in the plantation compared to the unmanaged forest. Interestingly, the composition of the communities of moths was shown to be not only related to the presence/absence of host plants, but also to be in relation with changes in the differences in forest architecture （i.e. the relative coverage by the different vegetation levels）. However, the moth community in the commercial forest still has a high capacity to converge with the moth community present in more natural forests. We report here a list of 177 species of moths, providing information on the distribution of some uncommon species, poorly studied as yet in the Pyrenees.

关键词： biodiversity Lepidoptera Heterocera mountainous forest ecosystems

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Arm Tangents and the Spiral Structure of the Milky Way—The Age Gradient

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第4期11卷 445-457页

作者： jacques P. Vallée Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics National Research Council of Canada Victoria Canada

From the Sun, a look at the edge of each spiral arm in our Milky Way (seen tangentially, along the line of sight) can yield numerous insights. Using different arm tracers (dust, masers, synchrotron emission, CO gas, open star clusters), we observe here for the first time an age gradient (about 12 ± 2 Myrs/kpc), much as predicted by the density wave theory. This implies that the arm tracers are leaving the dust lane at a relative speed of about 81 ± 10 km/s. We then compare with recent optical data obtained from the Gaia satellite, pertaining to the spiral arms.

关键词： Astrophysics Galaxy Milky Way Spiral Arms

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Superposing the Magnetic Spiral Structure of the Milky Way, on the Stellar Spiral Arms—Matching the Unique Galactic Magnetic Field Reversal Zone with Two Galactic Spiral Arm Segments

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第4期12卷 281-300页

作者： jacques P. Vallée Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics National Research Council of Canada Victoria Canada

To pinpoint the peak location of the synchrotron total intensity emission in a spiral arm, we use a map of the spiralarm locations (from the observed arm tangent). Thus in a typical spiral arm in Galactic Quadrant I, we find the peak of the synchrotron radiation to be located about 220 ± 40 pc away from the inner arm edge (hot dust lane) inside the spiral arm. While most of the galactic disk has a clockwise large-scale magnetic field, we make a statistical analysis to delimitate more precisely the smaller reverse annulus with a counterclockwise galactic magnetic field. We find an annulus width of 2.1 ± 0.3 kpc (measured along the Galactic radius), located from 5.5 to 7.6 kpc from the Galactic Center). The annulus does not overlay with a single spiral arm—it encompasses segments of two different spiral arms. Using a recent delineation of the position of spiral arms, the field-reversed annulus is seen to encompass the Crux-Centaurus arm (in Galactic Quadrant IV) and the Sagittarius arm (in Galactic Quadrant I). Thus the full Sagittarius-Carina arm is composed of: 1) a Sagittarius arm (in Galactic quadrant I) with a counterclockwise magnetic field, and 2) a Carina arm (in Galactic Quadrant IV) with a clockwise magnetic field. Also the full Scutum-Crux-Centaurus arm is composed of: 1) a Scutum arm (in Galactic Quadrant I) with a clockwise magnetic field, and 2) a Crux-Centaurus arm (in Galactic Quadrant IV) with a counterclockwise magnetic field. Arm segments do not all have the same magnetic field direction. For completeness, we display 6 known magnetised advancing supershells around the Sun (within 400 pc), pushing out the interstellar magnetic field.

关键词： Astrophysics Galaxy Milky Way Spiral Arms Symmetries

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Kinematic Structure of the Milky Way Galaxy, Near the Spiral Arm Tangents

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第4期12卷 382-392页

作者： jacques P. Vallée Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics National Research Council of Canada Victoria Canada

We compare the observed radial velocity of different arm tracers, taken near the tangent to a spiral arm. A slight difference is predicted by the density wave theory, given the shock predicted at the entrance to the inner spiral arm. In many of these spiral arms, the observed velocity offset confirms the prediction of the density wave theory (with a separation between the maser velocity and the CO gas peak velocity, of about 20 km/s)—when the observed offset is bigger than the error estimates.

关键词： Astrophysics Galaxy Milky Way Spiral Arms Symmetries

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Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots for electrochemical energy Storage Devices

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energy & environmental Materials 2022年第1期5卷 201-214页

作者： Noura Zahir Pierre Magri Wen Luo Jean jacques Gaumet Philippe Pierrat CNRS L2CM UMR 7053 Universit e de Lorraine LCP-A2MC EA4632 Institut Jean Barriol Universit e de Lorraine State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technologywuhan 430070china

Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)which are nanofragments of graphene with an average size between 2 and 50 nm have attracted much attention due to their outstanding properties such as high conductivity,high surface area,and good solubility in various *** combine the quantum confinement and edges effects and the properties of ***,GQDs offers a broad range of applications in various fields(medicine,energy conversion,and energy storage devices).This review will present the recent research based on the introduction of GQDs in batteries,supercapacitors,and microsupercapacitors as electrodes materials or mixed with an active material as an auxiliary ***,discussed on selected examples,summarize the electrochemical performances and finally,challenges and perspectives are recalled for the subsequent optimization strategy of electrode *** review is expected to appeal a broad interest on functional GQDs materials and promote the further development of high-performance energy storage device.

关键词： energy storage graphene quantum dots lithium ion batteries sodium ion batteries supercapacitor

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