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The impact of male overweight on semen quality and outcome of assisted reproduction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 749-754,I0010页

作者： Lise thomsen peter Humaidan Leif Bungum Mona Bungum The Fertility Clinic Viborg Hospital Skive Aarhus University Faculty of Health Aarhus N The Fertility Clinic Herlev Hospital Herlev Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Skanes University Hospital Malmo Sweden

It is well-documented that male overweight and obesity causes endocrine disorders that might diminish the male reproductive capacity; however, reports have been conflicting regarding the influence of male body mass index （BMI） on semen quality and the outcome of assisted reproductive technology （ART）. The aim of this study was to investigate whether increased male BMI affects sperm quality and the outcome of assisted reproduction in couples with an overweight or obese man and a non-obese partner. Data was prospectively collected from 612 infertile couples undergoing ART at a Danish fertility center. Self-reported information on paternal height and weight were recorded and BMI was calculated. The men were divided into four BMI categories： underweight BMI 〈 20 kgm^-2, normal BMI 20-24.9 kg m^-2, overweight BMI 25-29.9 kgm^-2 and obese BMI 〉 30 kgm^-2. Conventional semen analysis was performed according to the World Health Organization guideline and sperm DNA integrity was analyzed by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay （SCSA）. No statistically significant effect of male BMI was seen on conventional semen parameters （sperm concentration, total sperm count, seminal volume and motility） or on SCSA-results. Furthermore, the outcome of ART regarding fertilization rate, number of good quality embryos （GQE）, implantation and pregnancy outcome was not influenced by the increasing male BMIo

关键词： assisted reproductive technology body mass index male obesity sperm chromatin structure assay sperm quality

Semen analysis from an epidemiologic perspective

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第1期12卷 91-94页

作者： jens peter Ellekilde Bonde Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Bakke 23 2400Copenhagen NV Denmark

The fifth edition of the World Health Organization （WHO） manual for semen analysis includes for the first time reference values for human semen characteristics. This paper considers whether such values will help to resolve the intensely debated data indicating temporal and geographical shifts in sperm counts and hypotheses that anthropogenic activities that result in the release of chemicals into the environment are detrimental to male reproductive health. The reasons that these reference values will not fulfil these purposes are also explained. Although established reference values for semen characteristics are of limited value in analytical epidemiologic research, the WHO guidelines are of utmost importance for supporting the development of appropriate research protocols. Moreover, in spite of its limitations, semen analysis is still a useful research tool in epidemiological research, and no superior alternatives are on the horizon.

关键词： decline epidemiology reference values research semen analysis sperm counts

Environmental xenobiotics and male reproductive health

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 3-4页

作者： jens peter Bonde Aleksander Giwercman Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Skne University Hospital Maim6 Sweden.

Lessons from the occupational arena fdemonstrate the potential of industrial 4chemicals to damage human testicular function. An important but still unresolved question is whether low-level xenobiotic exposure of the general population poses a hazard. In this volume of the Asian Journal of Andrology, this issue is addressed by a series of reviews on xenobiotic exposure profiles, possible biological mechanisms, research methods and knowledge on impact of specific exposures. Interdisciplinary research fields as gene-environment interaction and male-mediated developmental toxicity is also addressed. Papers are cross-linked by answers to questions mutually put forward by the authors.

关键词： xenobiotics chemicals occupational

Barriers to WHO Mental Health Action Plan updates to expand family and caregiver involvement in mental healthcare

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General Psychiatry 2022年第2期35卷 154-156页

作者： jens peter Eckardt Research Unit Bedre PsykiatriCopenhagenDenmark

In 2021,the 74th World Health Assembly endorsed updates to the WHO's Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan extending to 2030,including revised indicators to measure progress towards reaching defined targets and expa... 详细信息

关键词： expanded revised Action

Deep hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy precipitated by fecal microbiota transplantation for fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 612-614页

作者： Lotte Lindgreen Eriksen Simon Mark Dahl Baunwall peter Lykke Eriksen Kirstine Petrea Bak-Fredslund jens Erik Nielsen jens Frederik Dahlerup Karen Louise thomsen Hendrik Vilstrup Christian Lodberg Hvas Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Randers Regional HospitalRandersDenmark Department of Radiology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark

Introduction Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is highly effective and potentially life-saving for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI)[1].Recent pilot trials also reported the use of FMT to revert hepatic encephalopathy(HE)in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis without infectious colitis[2,3].Intestinal microbiota-driven hyperammonemia is central to HE development and most treatments aim to reduce ammonia levels by modulating the intestinal ***,FMT might lead to increased intestinal ammonia production,as we describe here.

关键词： hepatic infection encephalopathy

Persistent organic pollutants and male reproductive health

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 71-80页

作者： Anne Vested Aleksander Giwercman jens peter Bonde Gunnar Toil- Department of Occupational Medicine Danish Ramazzini Centre Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Lund University Skane University Hospital Malm6 Sweden Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Bispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University

Environmental contaminants such as persistent organic pollutants （POPs） are man-made bioaccumulative compounds with long half-lives that are found throughout the world as a result of heavy use in a variety of consumer products during the twentieth century. Wildlife and animal studies have long suggested adverse effects of exposure to these compounds on human reproductive health, which, according to the endocrine disrupter hypothesis, are ascribed to the compounds＇ potential to interfere with endocrine signaling, especially when exposure occurs during certain phases of fetal and childhood development. An extensive number of epidemiological studies have addressed the possible effects of exposure to POPs on male reproductive health, but the results are conflicting. Thus far, most studies have focused on investigating exposure and the different reproductive health outcomes during adulthood. Some studies have addressed the potential harmful effects of fetal exposure with respect to malformations at birth and/ or reproductive development, whereas only a few studies have been able to evaluate whether intrauterine exposure to POPs has long-term consequences for male reproductive health with measurable effects on semen quality markers and reproductive hormone levels in adulthood. Humans are not exposed to a single compound at a time, but rather, to a variety of different substances with potential divergent hormonal effects. Hence, how to best analyze epidemiological data on combined exposures remains a significant challenge. This review on POPs will focus on current knowledge regarding the potential effects of exposure to POPs during fetal and childhood life and during adulthood on male reproductive health, including a critical revision of the endocrine disruption hypothesis, a comment on pubertal development as part of reproductive development and a comment on how to account for combined exposures in epidemiological research.

关键词： endocrine disruption male reproduction persistent organic compounds reproductive hormones semen quality

Misconceptions about falling sperm counts and fertility in Europe

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 195-198,I0005页

作者： Egbert R te Velde jens peter Bonde Department of Public Health Erasmus University MC Rotterdam GE 3015 The Netherlands Reproductive Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht CM 3584 The Netherlands Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen NV 24C0 Denmark

The Science Policy Briefing on male reproductive health pubfished by the authoritative European Science Foundation （ESF） in 2010 echoes the views expressed in the famous paper by *** et al, suggesting that mean sperm counts decreased by 50%. The authors are convinced that the male reproductive system in industrialized countries is under attack from envi- ronmental chemicals. This may have farreaching consequences for the reproductive capacity of future generations. Their arguments, however, contain some misconceptions about declining sperm quality and fertifity. Although there is reason for concern about the effect of environmental pollution, the authors＇ pessimism is not justified.

关键词： TIME TRENDS INFERTILITY TREATMENT REGIONAL DIFFERENCES WAITING TIME PREGNANCY SEMEN EPIDEMIOLOGY POPULATION PREVALENCE FECUNDITY

On environmental threats to male infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 199-200,I0005页

作者： Allen J Wilcox jens peter E Bonde Epidemiology Branch National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Durham NC 27709-2233 USA Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine University Hospital of Copenhagen Copenhagen NV DK-2400 Denmark

The possibility that environmental pollutants damage human fertility is a topic of both public concern and scientific interest. The effect of environmental factors on male fertility （semen parameters） has been a special focus, stimulated in part by the dramatic damage inflicted by the pcstlcide DBCP on testicular function. Extensive searches for testicular toxicants （in particular, the proposed effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds through fetal exposure） have produced little hard evidence of impairment in humans. This scarcity of evidence may reflect the difficultles of studying human fertility. Future fertifity studies should consider the wide spectrum of environmental exposures that plausibly affect reproduction.

关键词： TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME IN-UTERO EXPOSURE SPERM COUNTS SEMEN QUALITY ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT FERTILITY PREGNANCY PHTHALATE SMOKING

Elastomeric lenses with tunable astigmatism

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 73-78页

作者： peter Liebetraut Sebastian Petsch jens Liebeskind Hans Zappe Gisela and Erwin Sick Chair of Micro-optics Department of Microsystems EngineeringUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79110Germany

Microlenses fabricated using flexible elastomers can be tuned in focal length by application of controlled *** varying the strain azimuthally,the lenses may be deformed asymmetrically such that aberrations may be *** approach is used to tune the astigmatism of the tunable lenses,and it is shown that the generated wavefront may be accurately *** lens presented here has an initial focal length of 32.6 mm and a tuning range of 12.3 mm for approximately 10%applied *** range of directly tunable Zernike polynomials representing astigmatism is about 3 mm,while the secondary lens errors,which cannot be tuned directly,vary only by about 0.2 mm.

关键词： aberrations active or adaptive optics micro-optical devices polymers