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Characterization of ultrafine particles from hardfacing coated brake rotors

Friction 2023年第1期11卷 125-140页

作者： Yezhe LYU Ankur SINHA Ulf OLOFSSON Stefano GIALANELLA jens WAHLSTRÖM Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences Lund UniversityLund SE-22100Sweden Department of Machine Design KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE-10044Sweden Department of Industrial Engineering University of TrentoTrento 38123Italy

Automotive brake rotors are commonly made from gray cast iron(GCI).During usage,brake rotors are gradually worn off and periodically ***,replaced brake rotors are mostly remelted to produce brand-new cast iron products,resulting in a relatively high energy consumption and carbon footprint into the *** addition,automotive brakes emit airborne *** of the emitted particles are categorized as ultrafine,which are sized below 100 nm,leading to a series of health and environmental *** this study,two surface treatment techniques are applied,ie.,high-velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF)and laser cladding(LC),to overlay wear-resistant coatings on conventional GCI brake rotors in order to refurbish the replaced GCI brake rotor and to avoid the remelting *** two coating materials are evaluated in terms of their coefficient of friction(CoF),wear,and ultrafine particle emissions,by comparing them with a typical GCI brake *** results show that the CoF of the HVOF disc is higher than those of the GCI and LC ***,HVOF disc has the lowest wear rate but results in the highest wear rate on the mating brake pad *** LC disc yields a similar wear rate as the GCI *** ultrafine particles from the GCI and LC discs appeared primarily in round,chunky,and flake *** HVOF disc emits unique needle-shaped *** the ultrafine particle range,the GCI and HVOF discs generate particles that are primarily below 100 nm in the running-in period and 200 nm in the steady ***,the LC disc emitted particles that are primarily~200 nm in the entire test run.

关键词： ultrafine particle high-velocity oxygen fuel laser cladding brake particle size distribution particle morphology

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Editorial for “Biointelligent manufacturing in Memorium of Arnold (Arny) L. Demain”

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第4期7卷 1185-1186页

作者： Qiang Gao jens Nielsen Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education College of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457China BioInnovation Institute Ole Maaloes Vej 3Copenhagen NDK2200Denmark

Biointelligent manufacturing is currently at the center of industrial *** biotechnology has historic roots dating thousand years back where microbial fermentation was used to preserve foods,make bread and fermented drinks,but has risen to a modern *** of the development into a modern industry was driven initially by production of antibiotics and later by production of food and feed *** this development,the late MIT emeritus Professor Arnold(Arny)Lester Demain was one of the drivers and is considered one of the founders of industrial *** research founds wide applications and he stands as one of the giants in the field of industrial microbiology and biotechnology[1-7].

关键词： Arnold biotechnology initially

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The status of fertility control for rodents—recent achievements and future directions

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 964-980页

作者： Kyra JACOBLINNERT jens JACOB Zhibin ZHANG Lyn A.HINDS Julius Kühn-Institute(JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and ForestsVertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany Department of Behavioral Biology University OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CSIRO Health and Biosecurity CanberraACTAustralia

Management of overabundant rodents at a landscape scale is complex but often required to sustainably reduce rodent abundance below damage *** conventional techniques such as poisoning are not species speciﬁc,with some approaches becoming increasingly unacceptable to the general *** control,ﬁrst proposed for vertebrate pest management over 5 decades ago,has gained public acceptance because it is perceived as a potentially more species-speciﬁc and humane approach compared with many lethal *** ideal fertility control agent needs to induce infertility across one or more breeding seasons,be easily delivered to an appro-priate proportion of the population,be species speciﬁc with minimal side-effects(behavioral or social structure changes),and be environmentally benign and cost *** date,effective fertility control of rodents has not been demonstrated at landscape scales and very few products have achieved *** targets for fertility control include disrupting the hormonal feedback associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,gonad function,fertilization,and/or early *** review progress on the oral delivery of various agents for which laboratory studies have demonstrated efﬁcacy in females and/or males and synthesize progress with the development and/or use of synthetic steroids,plant extracts,ovarian speciﬁc peptides,and immunocontracep-tive *** are promising results forﬁeld application of synthetic steroids(levonorgestrel,quinestrol),chemosterilants(4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide),and some plant extracts(triptolide).For most fertility control agents,more research is essential to enable their efﬁcient and cost-effective delivery such that rodent impacts at a population level are mitigated and food security is improved.

关键词： ecologically based rodent management levonorgestrel quinestrol triptolide 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide

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i2dash:Creation of Flexible,Interactive,and Web-based Dashboards for Visualization of Omics Data

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第3期20卷 568-577页

作者： Arsenij Ustjanzew jens Preussner Mette Bentsen Carsten Kuenne Mario Looso Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research Bioinformatics UnitD-61231 Bad NauheimGermany

Data visualization and interactive data exploration are important aspects of illustrating complex concepts and results from analyses of omics data.A suitable visualization has to be intuitive and ***-based dashboards have become popular tools for the arrangement,consolidation,and display of such ***,the combination of automated data processing pipelines handling omics data and dynamically generated,interactive dashboards is poorly ***,we present i2dash,an R package intended to encapsulate functionality for the programmatic creation of customized *** supports interactive and responsive(linked)visualizations across a set of predefined graphical layouts.i2dash addresses the needs of data analysts/software developers for a tool that is compatible and attachable to any R-based analysis pipeline,thereby fostering the separation of data visualization on one hand and data analysis tasks on the other *** addition,the generic design of i2dash enables the development of modular extensions for specific *** a proof of principle,we provide an extension of i2dash optimized for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis,supporting the creation of dashboards for the visualization needs of such *** with these features,i2dash is suitable for extensive use in large-scale sequencing/bioinformatics *** this line,we provide i2dash as a containerized solution,enabling a straightforward large-scale deployment and sharing of dashboards using cloud services.i2dash is freely available via the R package archive CRAN(https://***/package=i2dash).

关键词： Data visualization Dashboard Cloud Data analysis Automation

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Tribological performance of iron- and nickel-base self-lubricating claddings containing metal sulfides at high temperature

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Friction 2022年第12期10卷 2069-2085页

作者： Hector TORRES Tugce CAYKARA jens HARDELL Janne NURMINEN braham PRAKASH Manel RODRIGUEZ RIPOLL AC2T research GmbH Viktor-Kaplan-Straße 2/CWiener Neustadt 2700Austria Department of Applied Physics and Mechanical Engineering LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleå97187Sweden Castolin Eutectic GmbH Gutenbergstraße 10Kriftel 65830Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Iron-based coatings with the incorporation of solid lubricants have been prepared by means of laser cladding,in an effort to control friction and decrease tool wear at high temperatures during metal forming *** choice of a Fe-based powder has been considered advantageous,as it can lead to decreased costs compared to nickel-based claddings previously studied by the authors,in addition to having a lower environmental *** particular,the incorporation of transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS_(2) as precursors leads to the encapsulation of silver in Fe-based self-lubricating claddings,resulting in a uniform distribution of the soft metal across the thickness of the *** tribological evaluation of the claddings at high temperatures shows that the addition of lubricious compounds leads to lower friction at room temperature and significantly decreased wear up to 600℃ compared to the unmodified iron-based reference alloy,although higher than similar self-lubricating Ni-based *** order to cast light into these observed differences,the corresponding microstructures,phase composition,and self-lubricating mechanisms have been studied and compared for Fe-and Ni-based claddings having both of them the addition of silver and MoS_(2).The results suggest a key role of the formation of protective tribolayers on the counter body during high temperature sliding *** simulation of the phase evolution during solidification reveals that the formation of different chromium-and nickel-based metal sulfides in Fe-and Ni-claddings during laser cladding by the decomposition of MoS_(2) plays a key role in determining their tribological behaviour at high temperatures.

关键词： high temperature laser cladding self-lubrication metal forming chromium sulphide MoS_(2)

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Rewiring regulation on respiro-fermentative metabolism relieved Crabtree effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第4期7卷 1034-1043页

作者： Yiming Zhang Mo Su Zheng Wang jens Nielsen Zihe Liu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical Technology100029BeijingChina Bloomage Biotechnolgy CO LTD250000JinanChina Department of Biology and Biological Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologySE296GothenburgSweden BioInnovation Institute Ole Maaløes Vej 3DK2200Copenhagen NDenmark

The respiro-fermentative metabolism in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae,also called the Crabtree effect,results in lower energy efficiency and biomass yield which can impact yields of chemicals to be produced using this cell *** it can be engineered to become Crabtree negative,the slow growth and glucose consumption rate limit its industrial *** the Crabtree effect in yeast can be alleviated by engineering the transcription factor Mth1 involved in glucose signaling and a subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex *** was found that the mutant with the MTH1A81D&MED2*432Y allele could grow in glucose rich medium with a specific growth rate of 0.30 h^(-1),an ethanol yield of 0.10 g g^(-1),and a biomass yield of 0.21 g g^(-1),compared with a specific growth rate of 0.40 h^(-1),an ethanol yield of 0.46 g g^(-1),and a biomass yield of 0.11 g g^(-1) in the wild-type strain *** *** analysis revealed significant downregulation of the glycolytic process,as well as the upregulation of the TCA cycle and the electron transfer *** expression changes of several reporter transcription factors were also identified,which might explain the higher energy efficiencies in the engineered *** further demonstrated the potential of the engineered strain with the production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid at a titer of 2.04 g L^(-1),i.e.,5.4-fold higher than that of a reference strain,indicating that the alleviated glucose repression could enhance the supply of mitochondrial *** results suggested that the engineered strain could be used as an efficient cell factory for mitochondrial production of acetyl-CoA derived chemicals.

关键词： Respiro-fermentation Crabtree effect Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3-Hydroxypropionic acid

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Neurobiological mechanisms underlying delayed expression of posttraumatic stress disorder:A scoping review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 151-168页

作者： Geert E Smid Jonna Lind jens Peter Bonde ARQ Centrum'45 ARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Humanist Chaplaincy Studies University of Humanistic StudiesUtrecht 3512 HDNetherlands ARQ Centre of Excellence on War Persecution and ViolenceARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg HospitalCopenhagen 2400Denmark Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1014Denmark

BACKGROUND The capacity of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)to occur with delayed onset has been documented in several systematic reviews and *** models of PTSD may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the progressive increase in PTSD symptoms over time as well as into occasional occurrences of long-delayed PTSD with few prodromal *** To obtain an overview of key concepts explaining and types of evidence supporting neurobiological underpinnings of delayed *** A scoping review of studies reporting neurobiological findings relevant to delayed PTSD was performed,which included 38 studies in the qualitative *** Neurobiological mechanisms underlying PTSD symptoms,onset,and course involve several interconnected *** mechanisms involve the neurocircuitry of fear,comprising several structures,such as the hippocampus,amygdala,and prefrontal cortex,that are amenable to time-dependent increases in activity through sensitization and *** network models explain generalization of the fear *** mechanisms consist of autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis responses,both of which may be involved in sensitization to *** mechanisms are characterized by immune activation,which is sometimes due to the effects of traumatic brain ***,neurobehavioral/contextual mechanisms involve the effects of intervening stressors and mental and physical disorder comorbidities,and these may be particularly relevant in cases of long-delayed *** Thus,delayed PTSD may result from multiple underlying neurobiological mechanisms that may influence the likelihood of developing prodromal symptoms preceding the onset of full-blown PTSD.

关键词： Posttraumatic stress disorder Delayed expression Sensitization Neurobiology Neuroendocrine Neuroinflammatory

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A modified isooctane-based DNA extraction method from crude oil

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mLife 2023年第3期2卷 328-338页

作者： Armando Alibrandi Rolando Primio Alexander Bartholomäus jens Kallmeyer GFZ German Research Centre for Geoscience Section GeomicrobiologyPotsdamGermany Aker BP LysakerNorway

Microbes from oil reservoirs shape petroleum composition through processes such as biodegradation or *** processes are considered economically detrimental and might pose health and safety *** is therefore crucial to understand the composition of a reservoir's microbial community and its metabolic ***,such analyses are hindered by difficulties in extracting DNA from such complex fluids as crude ***,we present a novel DNA extraction method from oils with a wide American Petroleum Institute(API)gravity(density)*** investigated the ability to extract cells from oils with different solvents and surfactants,the latter both nonionic and ***,we evaluated three DNA extraction ***,the best DNA yields and the highest number of 16S rRNA reads were achieved with isooctane as a solvent,followed by an ionic surfactant treatment using sodium dodecyl sulfate and DNA extraction using the PowerSoil Pro Kit(Qiagen).The final method was then applied to various oils from oil reservoirs collected in aseptic *** the expected low cell density of 10^(1)–10^(3)cells/ml,the new method yielded reliable results,with average 16S rRNA sequencing reads in the order of 41431(±8860)per ***,halophilic,and anaerobic taxa,which are most likely to be indigenous to the oil reservoir,were found in all *** gravity and DNA yield,despite the sufficient DNA obtained,did not show a correlation.

关键词： crude oil DNA extraction method oil reservoir microbiome

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Emerging reconfigurable electronic devices based on two-dimensional materials:A review

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InfoMat 2022年第10期4卷 38-61页

作者： Wenwen Fei jens Trommer Max Christian Lemme Thomas Mikolajick AndréHeinzig Chair of Nanoelectronics TU DresdenDresdenGermany Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden(CFAED) TU DresdenDresdenGermany NaMLAb gGmbH DresdenGermany Chair of Electronic Devices RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Advanced Microelectronics Center Aachen AMO GmbHAachenGermany

As the dimensions of the transistor,the key element of silicon technology,are approaching their physical limits,developing semiconductor technology with novel concepts and materials has been the main focus of scientific research and *** recent years,emerging reconfigurable technologies that offer device-level run-time reconfigurability have been explored and shown the potential to enhance device and circuit ***-dimensional(2D)materials possess exquisite electronic properties and provide a suitable platform for reconfigurable technology owing to their atomic-thin thickness and high sensitivity to external electrical *** this review,we present an intensive survey of 2D-material-based devices with diverse reconfigurability,including carrier polarity,threshold voltage control,as well as multifunctional configurations enabled by 2D *** discuss the working principles for these devices in detail and highlight the important figures of merit for performance *** further provide a forward-looking perspective on the opportunities and challenges of these reconfigurable devices based on 2D materials in the field of computing technologies.

关键词： 2D materials electronic devices multifunction reconfigurable

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Exercise-based real-time telerehabilitation for older patients recently discharged after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: An extended feasibility study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第11期20卷 767-778页

作者： Barbara Cristina brocki Jan Jesper Andreasen jens Aarøe Jane Andreasen Charlotte B Thorup Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Aalborg University HospitalDenmark Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Aalborg University Hospital and Clinical InstituteAalborg UniversityDenmark Department of Cardiology Aalborg University HospitalDenmark Public Health and Epidemiology Group HealthScience and TechnologyAalborg UniversityDenmark Research Center of Health and Applied Technology University College Northern DenmarkDenmark

OBJECTIVES To assess the extended feasibility of a telerehabilitation program and its effects on physical performance in older adults who have recently undergone transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI).METHODS In this single-center feasibility study, patients underwent an eight-week telerehabilitation program, involving webbased home exercise training twice weekly, an activity tracker, access to an informative website, and one online session with a nurse, starting one-week postoperative. Data collection was performed before surgery and three months postoperative. The feasibility of the intervention was based on recruitment and adherence to the program. As a secondary outcome, we evaluated the change in six-minute walk distance from before surgery to three months *** Forty-one patients scheduled for TAVI were assessed for eligibility;15 patients(37%) were enrolled. Of these, eight were excluded after surgery due to tiredness(n = 2), non-cardiac related hospital readmission(n = 2), fluctuating health(n = 1),death during hospital stay(n = 1), and reduced cognition(n = 2). Seven patients completed the eight-week web-based intervention and were evaluated three months postoperative. Their median(IQR) age was 83 [81, 87] years, and the sample comprised three men and four women. Their walked distance improved from median(IQR) 262 [199, 463] before surgery, to 381 [267, 521]meters three months postoperative. No adverse events were *** Web-based telerehabilitation, including supervised exercise training, in older adults who have recently undergone TAVI was feasible for a small number of patients who completed the eight-week intervention. This was reflected in an improvement in their walked distance three months after the surgery. However, the low recruitment and retention rates do question the overall feasibility of this intervention in a frail, older population of post-TAVI patients.

关键词： patients nurse implantation

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