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microbial community coalescence and nitrogen cycling in simulated mortality decomposition hotspots

Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 608-624页

作者： Sarah W.Keenan Alexandra L.Emmons jennifer m.DeBruyn Department of Geology and Geological Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and Technology501 East St.Joseph StreetRapidSD 57701USA Department of Anthropology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of Tennessee2506 E.J.Chapman DriveKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Background The pulsed introduction of dead plant and animal material into soils represents one of the primary mechanisms for returning organic carbon(C)and nitrogen(n)compounds to biogeochemical *** of animal carcasses provides a high C and n resource that stimulates indigenous environmental microbial communities and introduces non-indigenous,carcass-derived microbes to the ***,the dynamics of the coalesced microbial communities,and the relative contributions of environment-and carcass-derived microbes to C and n cycling are *** test whether environment-derived,carcass-derived,or the combined microbial communities exhibited a greater influence on C and n cycling,we conducted controlled laboratory experiments that combined carcass decomposition fluids and soils to simulate carcass decomposition *** selectively sterilized the decomposition fluid and/or soil to remove microbial communities and create different combinations of environment-and carcass-derived communities and incubated the treatments under three temperatures(10,20,and 30℃).Results Carcass-derived bacteria persisted in soils in our simulated decomposition scenarios,albeit at low *** communities had higher respiration rates at 10 and 30℃ compared to soil or carcass communities ***,at higher temperatures,mixed communities had reduced diversity,but higher respiration,suggesting functional *** communities treatments also provided evidence that carcass-associated microbes may be contributing to ammonification and denitrification,but that nitrification is still primarily carried out by native soil *** Our work yields insight into the dynamics of microbial communities that are coalescing during carcass decomposition,and how they contribute to recycling carcasses in terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： Carcass decomposition microcosm nitrogen Carbon Biogeochemical cycling Coalescence

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Atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge generation by a full-bridge flying capacitor multilevel inverter

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第7期19卷 40-49页

作者： Rosendo PE?A-EGUILUZ José A LóPEZ-FERnánDEZ Antonio mercado-CABRERA Bethsabet JARAmILLO-SIERRA Régulo LóPEZ-CALLEJAS Benjamín RODRíGUEZ-ménDEZ Raúl VALEnCIA-ALVARADO Allan A FLORES-FUEnTES Arturo E mU?OZ-CASTRO Plasma Physics Laboratory Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Tianguistenco Universidad Autónoma del Estado de méxico

A new configuration of a resonant full-bridge flying capacitor multicell inverter has been designed and constructed with the aim of achieving an extended output voltage frequency range with low harmonic distortion and reduced semiconductor commutation losses. This configuration was tested as a power supply for two different coaxial dielectric barrier discharge reactors, one of them employed for electric characterization and the other one for inorganic compound elimination in an aqueous solution. Two different gas mixtures, 90% Ar-10% 02 and 80% Ar-20% 02, were individually supplied during the experiments; the results showed a high- efficiency removal of meta-cresol （m-cresol） to the order of 98%, which was obtained by adding more oxygen to the plasma gas mixture.

关键词： plasma applications water pollution plasma sources power supply circuits electricdischarges

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Associations with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency:An United Kingdom single-centre study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第31期9卷 9469-9480页

作者： Benjamin m Shandro Joshua Chen jennifer Ritehnia Andrew Poullis Department of Gastroenterology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW170QTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUnD Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)is said to be associated with numerous conditions both within and outside the gastrointestinal(GI)*** majority of research has been concerned with conditions that reduce the volume of functioning pancreatic tissue or prevent adequate drainage to the small bowel,such as chronic pancreatitis,cystic fibrosis,pancreatic cancer and pancreatic ***,the evidence base supporting an association with extrapancreatic conditions,such as coeliac disease,diabetes mellitus and congestive cardiac failure,is *** To strengthen the evidence base by studying all previously reported associations with PEI in a large cohort of *** A single-centre retrospective study was *** gastroenterology outpatients tested for PEI with faecal elastase-1(FE1)were identified and information retrieved from the electronic patient *** was defined as FE1ng pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy were *** imputation was used to handle missing *** logistic regression was used to study which presenting symptoms predicted *** logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between all previously reported associations and *** Of 1027 patients were included.182 patients(17.7%)were diagnosed with ***[odds ratios(OR):2.51,95%confidence intervals(CI):1.58-3.98]and weight loss(OR:1.49,95%CI:1.08-2.06)were the only presenting symptoms that predicted *** pancreatitis(OR:7.98,95%CI:3.95-16.15),pancreatic cancer(OR:6.58,95%CI:1.67-25.98),upper GI surgery(OR:2.62,95%CI:1.32-5.19),type 2 diabetes(OR:1.84,95%CI:1.18-2.87),proton pump inhibitor therapy(OR:1.87,95%CI:1.25-2.80)and Asian ethnicity(OR:2.11,95%CI:1.30-3.42)were significantly associated with PEI in the multivariable *** of the other historically reported associations with PEI were significant after adjustment for the other variable

关键词： Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic elastase Steatorrhoea Proton pump inhibitors

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Population increase and changes in behavior and morphology in the Critically Endangered Redonda ground lizard(Pholidoscelis atratus)following the successful removal of alien rats and goats

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 379-389页

作者： colin m.DOnIHUE jennifer C.DALTRY Shanna CHALLEnGER Anthony HERREL UmR 7179 C.n.R.S/m.n.H.n. Département Adaptations du VivantParisFrance Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouriUSA Fauna&Flora International David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StreetCambridgeUK Department of Environment St.John’sAntigua Environmental Awareness Group St.John’sAntigua

Redonda is a small volcanic Caribbean island that is home to at least 4 endemic lizard species,including the Critically Endangered ground lizard(Pholidoscelis atratus).Black rats(Rattus rattus)and domestic goats(Capra hircus)were introduced to the island at some time after its discovery by Europeans in the late *** had a devastating effect on the island,resulting in the loss of nearly all trees and most of the ground *** count surveys of *** in 2012 indicated low densities,and the invasive rats were observed hunting and preying on the *** populations of rats and goats were successfully removed in 2017 as part of an ecological restoration program,and native vegetation and invertebrate populations have increased rapidly *** surveys in 2017,2018,and 2019 show the lizard population has increased by more than *** 2017,as rats and goats were being removed,we evaluated the morphology and escape behavior of this species and repeated these measurements 1 year *** observed that *** had become bolder,with a reduced flight *** also detected changes in limb morphology related to locomotion and suggest possible explanations that will need to be further investigated in the *** results show how the removal of invasive species can rapidly affect lizard population recovery and behavior,potentially restoring island ecosystems to their pre-human interference dynamics.

关键词： Antigua and Barbuda Caribbean conservation endangered species invasive alien species island biology Lesser Antilles pest removal

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Facially amphiphilic polyionene biocidal polymers derived from lithocholic acid

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Bioactive materials 2018年第2期3卷 186-193页

作者： mitra S.Ganewatta md Anisur Rahman Louis mercado Tinom Shokfai Alan W.Decho Theresa m.Reineke Chuanbing Tang Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Department of Environmental Health Sciences Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Twin Cities207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMN 55455USA

Bacterial infections have become a global issue that requires urgent attention,particularly regarding to emergence of multidrug resistant *** developed quaternary amine-containing antimicrobial poly(bile acid)s that contain a hydrophobic core of lithocholic acid in the ***,by choosing appropriate monomers,these cationic polymers can form core-shell *** polymers exhibited biocidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial *** is demonstrated that the micelles can deliver hydrophobic antibiotics that functionally have dual antimicrobial *** assays against HeLa cells showed dosage-dependent toxicity for polymers with longer linkers.

关键词： Antimicrobial polymers Bile acid Quaternary ammonium Lithocholic acid Polyionene Facial amphiphilicity

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Increasing the Burned Time and mechanical Properties with new mix As Flame Retardant Based in Hexametaphosphate of Sodium and Borax in Textile 100% Acrylic Fabrics

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Advances in materials Physics and Chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 99-101页

作者： m. Olvera- Gracia L. mercado- Velazquez A.m. Paniagua- mercado Instituto Politécnico nacional ESFM - Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales Av. IPN Ed. 9 U.P.A.L.M. 07738 México D.F. México. Instituto Politécnico nacional ESIT – Sección de estudios de Posgrado e investigación Av. IPN Ed. 8 U.P.A.L.M. 07738 México D.F. México.

It has been worked with textile fabrics of Acrylic 100 % , that have as final use the Tapestry, this fabrics have been impregnated with a two products flame retardant: Commercial Retardant, which is formed by a combination of a resin polymeric and acid phosphoric and Borax (na2B4O5(OH)4.8H2O) with Sodium Hexametaphosphate (na16P14O43). These Retardants?? has the advantage of the fact that it can be applied to the substrates mixed with water in the relation 1:1, 1:2 or pure. In order to reduce the flammability, Textile fabrics are coated with flame retardants. The flame retardant capabilities, mechanical properties and structural characteristics of the textile fabrics before and after the use of these products were investigated throughout the special textile methods for inflammability and mechanical resistibility. After the use of the flame retardants the mechanical properties of the fabrics were improved or at least remained the same as compared to fabrics without any treatment. The use of Borax / Sodium Hexametaphosphate /Water results in the essential increase of combustion retardation time about 2 minutes as compared with 8 seconds for untreated fabrics.

关键词： Acrylic Borax Flame Retardants Sodium Hexametametaphosphate Textile Fabrics

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Evaluation of steroidogenic capacity after follicle stimulating hormone stimulation in bovine granulosa cells of Revalor 200~ implanted heifers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 280-285页

作者： AnDrea D Stapp Craig A Gifford Dennis m Hallford jennifer A Hernandez Gifford Department of Animal Science Oklahoma State University Department of Animal and Range Science New Mexico State University Department of Animal Science 114B Animal Science BuildingOklahoma State University

Background： Heifers not used as breeding stock are often implanted with steroids to increase growth efficiency thereby altering hormone profiles and potentially changing the environment in which ovarian follicles develop. Because bovine granulosa cell culture is a commonly used technique and often bovine ovaries are collected from abattoirs with no record of implant status, the objective of this study was to determine if the presence of an implant during bovine granulosa cell development impacts follicle stimulating hormone-regulated steroidogenic enzyme expression. Paired ovaries were collected from 16 feedlot heifers subjected to 1 of 3 treatments： non-implanted （n = 5）, Revalor 200 for 28 d （n = 5）, or Revalor 200 for 84 d （n = 6）. Small follicle （1 to 5 mm） granulosa cells were isolated from each pair and incubated with phosphate buffered saline （n = 16） or 100 ng/mL follicle stimulating hormone （n = 16） for 24 h. Results： Granulosa cells of implanted heifers treated with follicle stimulating hormone produced medium concentrations of progesterone similar （P = 0.22） to non-implanted heifers, while medium estradiol concentrations were increased （P 〈 0.10） at 28 and 84 d compared to non-implanted heifers indicating efficacy of treatment. Additionally, real-time PCR analysis in response to follicle stimulating hormone treatment demonstrated a decrease in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein （P = 0.05） mRnA expression in heifers implanted for 84 d and an increase in P450 side chain cleavage mRnA in granulosa cells of heifers implanted for 28 （P 〈 0.10） or 84 d （P 〈 0.05） compared to non-implanted females. However, no difference in expression of 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase （P= 0.57） and aromatase （P = 0.23） were demonstrated in implanted or non-implanted heifers. Conclusions： These results indicate follicles which develop in the presence of high concentrations of androgenic and estrogenic steroids via an implant tend to demonstrate an altered capacity to res

关键词： Bovine Follicle stimulating hormone Granulosa cells Implant Steroidogenesis

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Esophageal lichen planus:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第14期19卷 2278-2281页

作者： jennifer A nielsen Robert m Law Keith H Fiman Cory A Roberts Division of Research ProPathDallasTX 75247United States Division of Dermatopathology ProPathDallas TX 75247United States Gastroenterology Consultants Southwest LLP Sugar LandTX 77478United States Division of Gastrointestinal Pathology ProPathDallasTX 75247United States

Esophageal involvement by lichen planus(ELP),previously thought to be quite rare,is a disease much more common in women and frequently the initial manifestation of mucocutaneous lichen planus(LP).Considering that the symptoms of ELP do not present in a predictable manner,ELP is perhaps more under-recognized than *** date,four cases of squamous cell carcinoma in association with ELP have been reported,suggesting that timely and accurate diagnosis of ELP is of importance for appropriate *** this case report,a 69-year-old female presented with dysphagia and *** reported a history of oral LP but had no active oral or skin *** examination revealed severe strictures and web-like areas in the *** examination demonstratedextensive denudation of the squamous epithelium,scattered intraepithelial lymphocytes,rare eosinophils and dyskeratotic *** immunofluorescence showed rare cytoid bodies and was used to exclude other primary immunobullous *** using clinical,endoscopic,and histologic data,a broad list of differential diagnoses can be narrowed,and the accurate diagnosis of ELP can be made,which is essential for proper treatment and subsequent follow-up.

关键词： Esophageal lichen planus Esophagus Immunofluorescence Immunobullous disorders Diagnostic accuracy

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The evolution of multi-component visual signals in darters （genus Etheostoma）

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 125-139页

作者： jennifer m. GUmm Tamra C. mEnDELSOn Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore MD 21250 USA

As complex traits evolve, each component of the trait may be under different selection pressures and could respond independently to distinct evolutionary forces. We used comparative methods to examine patterns of evolution in multiple components of a complex courtship signal in darters, specifically addressing the question of how nuptial coloration evolves across different areas of the body. Using spectral reflectance, we defined 4 broad color classes present on the body and fins of 17 species of freshwater fishes （genus Etheostoma） and quantified differences in hue within each color class. Ancestral state reconstruction suggests that most color traits were expressed in the most recent common ancestor of sampled species and that differences among species are mostly due to losses in coloration. The evolutionary lability of coloration varied across body regions; we found sig- nificant phylogenetic signal for orange color on the body but not for most colors on fins. Finally, patterns of color evolution and hue Of the colors were correlated among the two dorsal fins and between the anterior dorsal and anal fins, but not between any of the fins and the body. The observed patterns support the hypothesis that different components of complex signals may be subject to distinct evolutionary pressures, and suggests that the combination of behavioral displays and morphology in communication may have a strong influence on patterns of signal evolution .

关键词： Comparative method Etheostoma Independent evolution nuptial coloration

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Pirfenidone inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition in keloid keratinocytes

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Burns & Trauma 2020年第1期8卷 441-451页

作者： Latha Satish Alexander Evdokiou Eleni Geletu jennifer m.Hahn Dorothy m.Supp Research Department Shriners Hospitals for Children—CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45229 USA Department of Pathology&Laboratory medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45229USA Department of Surgery University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45229USA

Background:Keloids are benign fibroproliferative skin lesions that are difficult to treat and become a lifetime predicament for *** treatment modalities have been put forth,but as yet no satisfactory approach to the prevention or treatment of keloids has been *** process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EmT)has been implicated in keloid scarring,as keloid keratinocytes display an EmT-like *** study investigated the potential of pirfenidone,an antifibrotic agent,to counteract EmT-like alterations in keloid keratinocytes,including gene expression,cell migratory and proliferative ***:normal and keloid keratinocytes were isolated from discarded normal skin tissues and from resected keloid tissues,*** were quiesced for 24 h without epidermal growth factor DS-Qi1mCDigital and were exposed to transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1;10 ng/mL),with or without pirfenidone(400μg/mL),for an additional 24 *** effects of pirfenidone on cytotoxicity,cell migration,cell proliferation,and on expression of genes and proteins involved in EmT were *** significance was determined by two-way AnOVA using Sigma ***:We found that pirfenidone did not elicit any cytotoxic effect at concentrations up to 1000μg/mL.A statistically significant dose-dependent decrease in basal cell proliferation rate was noted in both normal and keloid keratinocytes when exposed to pirfenidone at concentrations ranging from 200 to 1000μg/*** significantly decreased basal cell migration in both normal and keloid keratinocytes,but a significant decrease in TGF-β1-induced cell migration was seen only in keloid *** inhibition of the expression of TGF-β1-induced core EmT genes,namely hyaluronan synthase 2,vimentin,cadherin-11,and wingless-type mmTV integration site family,member 5A along with fibronectin-1,was observed in both normal and keloid keratinocytes treated with *** addi

关键词： Keloids EmT genes Cell migration Proliferation Pirfenidone Fibronectin

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