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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 392-395页

作者： Yuchen liu Jessica l.Oster jennifer l.druhan Department of Geology University of Illinois Urbana Champaign Department of Earth and Environmental Science Vanderbilt University

Speleothem carbonates are precipitated continuously from inorganic carbon dissolved in seepage water infiltrating from the land surface,that reflects a mixture of atmospheric CO_2,respired soil carbon,and epikarst sources,each with distinct δ^(13)C *** aid in deconvolving these signatures,soil samples were collected above the Blue Spring cave system in Sparta,Tennessee,USA and subjected to a series of incubation experiments,in order to constrain the correlation between CO_2respiration rates and soil *** relationship is used to parameterize a simple mixing model which predicts the relationship between δ^(13)C and soil moisture in fluids infiltrating into the underlying cave system.

关键词： Speleothem δ^13C CO2 respiration Soil moisture

Seasonal shifts in the solute ion ratios of vadose zone rock moisture from the Eel River Critical Zone Observatory

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 385-388页

作者： jennifer l.druhan Nicole Fernandez Jia Wang William E.Dietrich Daniella Rempe Department of Geology University of Illinois Urbana Champaign Department of Earth and Planetary Science University of California Berkeley Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas at Austin

One of the greatest challenges in critical zone studies is to document the moisture dynamics, water flux,and solute chemistry of the unsaturated, fractured and weathered bedrock that lies between the soil and groundwater table. The central impediment to quantifying this component of the subsurface is the difficulty associated with direct observations. Here, we report solute chemistry as a function of depth collected over a full year across the shale-derived vadose zone of the Eel River Critical Zone Observatory using a set of novel sub-horizontal wellbores,referred to as the vadose zone monitoring system. The results of this first geochemical glimpse into the deep vadose zone indicate a dynamic temporal and depth-resolved structure. Major cation concentrations reflect seasonal changes in precipitation and water saturation, and normalized ratios span the full range of values reported for the world's largest rivers.

关键词： Vadose zone Solute ion ratios Critical Zone Observatory Seasonal solute dynamics

Pancreatic surgery and tertiary pancreatitis services warrant provision for support from a specialist diabetes team

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 598-605页

作者： Vasileios K Mavroeidis jennifer Knapton Francesca Saffioti Daniel l Morganstein Department of HPB Surgery Bristol Royal InfirmaryUniversity Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation TrustBristol BS28HWUnited Kingdom Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Southmead HospitalNorth Bristol NHS TrustBristol BS105NBUnited Kingdom Department of Academic Surgery Royal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW36JJUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom UCl Institute for liver and Digestive Health University College LondonLondon NW32PFUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW109NHUnited Kingdom Department of Gastrointestinal Unit Royal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW36JJUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic surgery units undertake several complex operations,albeit with consi-derable morbidity and mortality,as is the case for the management of complicated acute pancreatitis or chronic *** centralisation of pancreatic surgery services,with the development of designated large-volume centres,has contribu-ted to significantly improved *** this editorial,we discuss the complex associations between diabetes mellitus(DM)and pancreatic/periampullary disease in the context of pancreatic surgery and overall management of complex pancreatitis,highlighting the consequential needs and the indispensable role of specialist diabetes teams in support of tertiary pancreatic *** 3c pan-creatogenic DM,refers to DM developing in the setting of exocrine pancreatic disease,and its identification and management can be challenging,while the glycaemic control of such patients may affect their course of treatment and *** preoperative diabetes assessment is warranted to aid identification of patients who are likely to need commencement or escalation of glucose lowering therapy in the postoperative *** incidence of new onset diabetes after pancreatic resection is widely variable in the literature,and depends on the type and extent of pancreatic resection,as is the case with pancreatic parenchymal loss in the context of severe *** involvement of a specialist diabetes team is essential to ensure a holistic *** the current era,large volume pancreatic surgery services commonly abide by the principles of enhanced recovery after surgery,with inclusion of provisions for optimisation of the perioperative glycaemic control,to improve *** various guidelines are available to aid perioperative management of DM,auditing and quality improvement platforms have highlighted deficiencies in the perioperative management of diabetic patients and areas of required *** need for perioperative support of diabetic

关键词： Pancreatectomy Pancreatoduodenectomy Whipple’s Pancreatitis Diabetes specialist Type 3c pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus

Working toward an integrated plasticity/network framework for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to inform tailored treatments

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1423-1424页

作者： Jessica Moretti jennifer Rodger Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia Brain Plasticity lab Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational ScienceNedlandsWAAustralia

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques(NIBS),including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) and transcranial electric stim ulation(tES),are increasingly being adopted clinically for treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders,albeit with varying *** rationale behind the use of NIBS has historically been that stim ulation techniques modulate neuronal activity in the targeted region and consequently induce plasticity which can lead to therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： stimulation transcranial treatment

Primary care providers practice patterns regarding female pelvic floor disorders

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 9-15页

作者： Anna Weimer jennifer l Hallock Chi Chiung Grace Chen Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC PittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Kaiser Permanente Northern California SacramentoCaliforniaUSA Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Campus BaltimoreMarylandUSA

Introduction Pelvic floor disorders(PFDs)pose substantial physical and psychological burdens for a growing number of *** the ubiquity of these conditions and known patient reluctance to seek care,primary care providers(PCPs)have a unique opportunity to increase treatment and provide appropriate referrals for these *** An online survey was administered to PCPs to assess provider practices,knowledge,comfort managing and ease of referral for *** regression was used to assess the association between demographic/practice characteristics of PCPs and two primary outcomes of interest:discomfort with management and difficulty with referral of *** Of the 153 respondents to the survey,more felt comfortable managing stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and overactive bladder(OAB),compared with pelvic organ prolapse(POP)and faecal incontinence(FI)and were less likely to refer patients with urinary *** providers elicited symptoms for POP and FI as compared with SUI and *** variables that were significantly associated with discomfort with management varied by PFD,but tended to correlate with less exposure to PFDs(eg,those with fewer years of practice,and internal medicine and family physicians as compared with geriatricians);whereas the factors that were significantly associated with difficulty in referral,again varied by PFD,but were related to practice characteristics(eg,specialist network,type of practice,practice setting and quantity of patients).Conclusion These findings highlight the need to increase PCPs awareness of PFDs and develop effective standardised screening protocols,as well as collaboration with pelvic floor specialists to improve screening,treatment and referral for patients with PFDs.

关键词： bladder floor difficulty

Implications of regional identity for neural stem and progenitor cell transplantation in the injured or diseased nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 715-716页

作者： Prakruthi Amar Kumar jennifer N.Dulin Department of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Neural stem and progenitor cell(NSPC)transpla ntation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for replacing lost neuronal populations and repairing damaged neural circuits following nervous system injury and disease.A great deal of experimental work has investigated the biology of NSPC grafting in preclinical animal models;more recently.

关键词： neural system injured

Classifying moisture sources associated with snowfall in the mountains of lesotho

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1941-1953页

作者： Alexi M.MARINAKI jennifer M.FITCHETT School of Geography Archaeology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag X3Wits 2050South Africa

An average of eight snowfall events occur each year in the eastern lesotho *** snowfall events are typically associated with cut-off low(Cols)systems and mid-latitude ***,the moisture sources of the snowfall are unclassified and *** Hybrid Single-Particle lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPlIT)model,an air mass back trajectory model,has been used to evaluate moisture source waters locally in southern Africa and internationally in China and *** study uses HYSPlIT to determine the source moisture of snow in lesotho.A list of all 82 snowfall events in lesotho spanning 2017 to 2022 was compiled using the Snow Report SA Instagram page,including the date and location of snowfall.A 72-hour back trajectory for each snowfall event was initiated for both Afriski and the whole of *** amounts to models of moisture source trajectories for 28 and 82 snowfall days,*** air mass pathways are classified according to their frequency per snowfall event,per month in the snow season,per year and for the full *** this,associated moisture source regions and dominant air mass trajectories were *** study reports that the air mass trajectories associated with Afriski and lesotho as a whole are very *** most common pathway of air mass trajectories transporting snow-bearing moisture to lesotho was an inland trajectory from the northern regions of southern *** pathway makes up 16.6%of all trajectories reported and is associated with the Angola low,the Congo Air Boundary and the *** High Pressure.

关键词： Eastern lesotho Highlands Afriski Snow Cut-off lows HYSPlIT Synoptic Climatology

Implementation of an international medical student pen-pal club:survey outcomes of perceptions in cultural competency and global health

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Global Health Journal 2024年第1期8卷 11-15页

作者： Max J.Goodman jennifer livschitz Ji Won Kim Megan l.Schultz Medical College of Wisconsin MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Emergency MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA

Background:Pen-pal clubs(PPC)are used worldwide for students to learn about different cultures and other skillsets without the need for *** medical students are interested in global health opportunities abroad but costs,scheduling,and other barriers allow few to participate in such *** is important that medical students have nuanced global medical perspectives and can contribute to the global medical ***:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that an international medical student PPC improves medical students'perspectives of cultural competency and global health ***:In 2021,a novel medical student PPC was established that began between an American and Japanese medical *** a shareholders meeting,it was decided that the number of medical schools involved globally be expanded through previous institutional affiliations and online *** total,the club connected 50 American medical students and 52 medical students from 17 high-and middle-income *** primary form of communication was online;pen-pals were encouraged to communicate monthly using provided topics,although frequency and way of communication was their *** February 2022,American PPC members were emailed a qualitative survey to assess the PPC's ***:The survey was completed by 42%of American PPC members,95%of which were 22-26 *** were preclinical medical students,60%whom were female and the majority either white(47%)or Asian(43%).Overall,the PPC positively influenced American medical students'perception of global medicine,medical education,and their cultural competency after joining the PPC compared to prior(P=0.004).Conclusion:PPCs encourage medical students to think from a global perspective and foster open-mindedness within varying social and cultural *** a global communication platform for students during medical school education may be an additional way to train aspiring global l

关键词： Pen-pals Medical student Global health Cultural competency

Increasing polymer scission rate by tying an overhand knot

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3498-3499页

作者： Yuheng Hu jennifer T.Ou Jim Y.Huang Yuanning Feng Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Oklahoma

Similar to the phenomenon of knotted ropes in life, knotted climbing ropes will reduce their strength due to knots. Although computer simulations [1], theoretical speculation[2,3], and intuition [3] suggest that similar processes may occur at the nanoscale, this hypothesis has not been experimentally proven before. With the increasing maturity of molecular recognition and self-assembly, a research communication by leigh et al. [4] published in Nature Chemistry introduced a molecular overhand knot into a polymer to study its effect on the scission rate of the polymer chain under tension.

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Exercise and exerkine upregulation:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a potential non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease

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BIOCEll 2024年第5期48卷 693-706页

作者： VIRAAJ VISHNU PRASAD jennifer SAllY SAMSON VENKATACHAlAM DEEPA PARVATHI Department of Biomedical Sciences Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennai600116India

Physical activity and exercise have several beneficial roles in enhancing both physiological and psychological well-being of an *** addition to aiding the regulation of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism,exercise can stimulate the synthesis of exerkine hormones in the circulatory *** several exerkines that have been investigated for their therapeutic potential,Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is considered the most promising candidate,especially in the management of neurodegenerative *** to the ability of physical activity to enhance BDNF synthesis,several experimental studies conducted so far have validated this hypothesis and produced satisfactory results at the pre-clinical *** review highlights some of the recent animal model studies that have evaluated the efficiency of exercise in enhancing BDNF synthesis and promoting neuroprotective ***,this review focuses on understanding the therapeutic benefits of exercise-induced exerkine synthesis as a non-pharmacological strategy in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Regarding physical activity and exerkine induction,the neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)strategy could be considered as an alternate treatment modality for patients affected with PD.

关键词： Exercise therapy Dopaminergic neurons Parkinson’s disease Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Electrical stimulation