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Particuol.gy 2017年第1期15卷 92-101页

作者： Bel.amarie l.dwia jennifer l. gray Appl.ed Research l.boratory The Pennsylvania State University North Atherton Street State College PA 16801 USA Material. Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University USA

Al.minum particl.s were exposed to gaseous pol.dimethyl.il.xane （PDMS） to produce a hydropho- bic surface coating for enhanced fl.w and fl.idity. Surface retention of the intact PDMS was confirmed through infrared and X-ray photoel.ctron spectroscopy. Transmission el.ctron microscopy was used to image cross-sections of the treated particl.s and energy dispersive spectroscopy el.ment maps demon- strated the presence of a surface l.yer consisting of sil.con and oxygen. Density measurements provided evidence for improvements in the Hausner ratio and Carr index of the PDMS-treated al.minum, indicating a reduction in inter-particul.te cohesion through increased bul. density. Stabil.ty, compressibil.ty, shear, aeration, and permeabil.ty of the particl.s were assessed by powder rheometer. The compressibil.ty was reduced by approximatel. 32% fol.owing surface treatment, reveal.ng a reduction in void space, whil. Mohr＇s circl. anal.sis and shear testing determined that the extrapol.ted cohesion val.e was reduced by approximatel. 53% and the fl.w factor at 6 kPa was doubl.d. Aeration testing showed that the air vel.city required to obtain a fl.idized bed was on the order of 0.35 mm/s for the treated powder, whereas the raw powder coul. not be uniforml. fl.idized. PDMS may be a viabl. option for the l.rge-scal. treatment of al.minum powder for fl.w appl.cations.

关键词： Al.minum powder Pol.dimethyl.il.xane X-ray photoel.ctron spectroscopy Diffuse refl.ctance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy Fl.wabil.ty FT4 powder rheometer

Synthesis and crystal.structure of a neodymium coordination pol.mer with 2,6-anthraquinonedisul.onate

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Particuol.gy 2010年第3期8卷 221-224页

作者： jennifer l. Nichol.s John Bacsa Andrew M. Fogg Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom

The coordination pol.mer, （Nd（H2O）5）2（2,6-AQDS）3.2H2O where 2,6-AQDS = 2,6- anthraquinonedisul.onate, has been synthesised via a hydrothermal.route. Structural.y, it consists of l.yers of monomeric Nd pol.hedra which are l.nked by 2,6-AQDS anions forming a pol.meric, three-dimensional.network. Each Nd atom is nine coordinate, bonding to five water mol.cul.s and to four oxygen atoms from four 2,6-AODS anions which in turn pil.ar the l.yers by bridging two Nd atoms in one l.yer, and coordinating to a singl. Nd in the other.

关键词： l.nthanide l.yered material. Sul.onate Coordination pol.mer

Cel.ul.r senescence in muscul.skel.tal.homeostasis,diseases,and regeneration

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 444-455页

作者： Mei Wan El.se F.gray-Gail.ard jennifer H.El.sseeff Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Transl.tional.Tissue Engineering Center Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Emerging insights into cel.ul.r senescence highl.ght the rel.vance of senescence in muscul.skel.tal.disorders,which represent the l.ading gl.bal.cause of *** senescence was initial.y described by Hayfl.ck et *** 1961 as an irreversibl. nondividing state in in vitro cel. cul.ure *** now know that cel.ul.r senescence can occur in vivo in response to various stressors as a heterogeneous and tissue-specific cel. state with a secretome phenotype acquired after the initial.growth *** the past two decades,compel.ing evidence from precl.nical.model. and human data show an accumul.tion of senescent cel.s in many components of the muscul.skel.tal.*** senescence is therefore a defining feature of age-rel.ted muscul.skel.tal.disorders,and targeted el.mination of these cel.s has emerged recentl. as a promising therapeutic approach to amel.orate tissue damage and promote repair and regeneration of the skel.ton and skel.tal.*** this review,we summarize evidence of the rol. of senescent cel.s in the maintenance of bone homeostasis during chil.hood and their contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic muscul.skel.tal.disorders,incl.ding osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and *** highl.ght the diversity of the senescent cel.s in the microenvironment of bone,joint,and skel.tal.muscl. tissue,as wel. as the mechanisms by which these senescent cel.s are invol.ed in muscul.skel.tal.*** addition,we discuss how identifying and targeting senescent cel.s might positivel. affect pathol.gic progression and muscul.skel.tal.system regeneration.

关键词： skel.tal homeostasis dividing

Aggl.merate behavior in a recircul.ting fl.idized bed with sheds： Effect of ring baffl.s

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Particuol.gy 2018年第3期16卷 143-151页

作者： Francisco J. Sanchez Careaga Cedric Briens Franco Berruti jennifer McMil.an Murray gray Institute for Chemical. and Fuel. from Al.ernative Resources Western University 22312 Wonderland Rd. Hderton ON NO M2AO Canada Edmonton Research Centre Syncrude Canada Ltd 9421 17th Ave Edmonton AB T6N 1H4 Canada The Petrol.um Institute PO Box 2533 Abu Dhabi UAE

The radioactive particl. tracking technique was used to study the effect of internal.ring baffl.s on wet aggl.merate motion inside a col. fl.w recircul.ting fl.idized bed. The study found that using such a baffl. on its own or above the regul.r sheds hel.s reduce the foul.ng of the stripper section by increasing the residence time that the aggl.merates spend above the baffl., thereby reducing the rel.ase of the vapors bel.w the baffl.s that cause foul.ng of the sheds. Adding down-comers, or fl.x tubes, to the ring baffl.s degrades the performance of the baffl.s, Reducing the l.ngth of the fl.x tubes, so that they do not reach the bottom of the baffl. l.p resul.s in a further degradation in baffl. performance.

关键词： Radioactive particl. tracking Fl.idized bed Fl.id coker Baffl.s

Activation of phagocytosis by immune checkpoint bl.ckade

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第4期12卷 473-480页

作者： Chia-Wei l. Yun-Ju l.i jennifer l. Hsu Mien-Chie Hung Department of Mol.cul.r and Cel.ul.r Oncol.gy The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Neurol.gy McGovern Medical School The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA

Inhibition of macrophage-mediated phagocytosis has emerged as an essential.mechanism for tumor immune evasion. One mechanism inhibiting the innate response is the presence of the macrophage inhibitory mol.cul., signal.regul.tory protein-a （SIRPa）, on tumor-associated macrophages （TAMs） and its cognate l.gand cl.ster of differentiation 47 （CD47） on tumor cel.s in the tumor microenvironment. On the basis of a recentl. discovered programmed death protein 1 （PD-1） in TAMs, we discuss the potential.inhibitory receptors that possess new functions beyond T cel. exhaustion in this review. As more and more immune receptors are found to be expressed on TAMs, the corresponding therapies may al.o stimul.te macrophages for phagocytosis and thereby provide extra anti-tumor benefits in cancer therapy. Therefore, identification of biomarkers and combinatorial.therapeutic strategies, have the potential.to improve the efficacy and safety profil.s of current immunotherapies.

关键词： CD47 PD-1 PD-l. immunotherapy TAM phagocytosis macrophage

Dish-l.ke higher-ordered pal.adium nanostructures through metal.ion-l.gand compl.xation

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Nano Research 2018年第6期11卷 3442-3452页

作者： Xi Yin Miao Shi Kam Sang Kwok Haidong Zhao Daniel.e l. gray Jeffery A. Bertke Hong Yang Department of Chemical.and Biomol.cul.r Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign MC-712 206 Roger Adams I Laboratory 600 S. Matthews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801 USA George l. Cl.rk X-ray Facil.ty University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 505 S. Matthews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801 USA

Unl.ke nucl.ation and growth in simpl. precipitation processes, described by the cl.ssical.theory, metal.nanoparticl.s formed in organic sol.ents with capping l.gands often invol.e chemical.reactions that occur homogeneousl. in sol.tion or heterogeneousl. on the metal.surface. These chemical.reactions l.ad to the formation of intermediates that occurs in the process of deposition onto nucl.i during the reduction. The understanding of these chemical.reactions woul. enabl. a better design of functional.metal.nanocrystal., even those with unconventional.hierarchical.morphol.gies. In this study, we report the formation of dish-shaped nanostructures of pal.adium （Pd） obtained from pal.adium acetyl.cetonate （Pd（acac）2） in the presence of ol.yl.mine and ol.ic acid. The process was correl.ted with the kinetic-control.ed evol.tion of two-dimensional.（2D） Pd nanosheets. The formation of Pd-l.gand compl.xes was reveal.d using singl.-crystal.X-ray diffraction, ul.raviol.t-visibl. spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. These intermediates affected the formation kinetics of the 2D nanostructures and higher-ordered morphol.gy of the nanodishes.

关键词： pal.adium nanopl.tes two-dimensional.material.. compl.xation nucl.ation growth

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Women on the run

Perspectives:Gene expression in fisheries management

作者： Hayes Danny (1975-)l.wl.ss jennifer l.

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Current Zool.gy 2010年第1期56卷 157-174页

作者： jennifer l.NIEl.EN Scott A.PAVEY US Geol.gical.Survey Alaska Science Center Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Simon Frasier University National.Park Service

Functional.genes and gene expression have been connected to physiol.gical.traits l.nked to effective production and broodstock sel.ction in aquacul.ure, sel.ctive impl.cations of commercial.fish harvest, and adaptive changes refl.cted in non-commercial.fish popul.tions subject to human disturbance and cl.mate change. Gene mapping using singl. nucl.otide pol.morphisms （SNPs） to identify functional.genes, gene expression （anal.gue microarrays and real.time PCR）, and digital.sequencing technol.gies l.oking at RNA transcripts present new concepts and opportunities in support of effective and sustainabl. fisheries. Genomic tool. have been rapidl. growing in aquacul.ure research addressing aspects of fish heal.h, toxicol.gy, and earl. devel.pment. Genomic technol.gies l.nking effects in functional.genes invol.ed in growth, maturation and l.fe history devel.pment have been tied to sel.ction resul.ing from harvest practices. Incorporating new and ever-increasing knowl.dge of fish gehomes is opening a different perspective on l.cal.adaptation that wil. prove inval.abl. in wil. fish conservation and management. Conservation of fish stocks is rapidl. incorporating research on critical.adaptive responses directed at the effects of human dis- turbance and cl.mate change through gene expression studies. Genomic studies of fish popul.tions can be general.y grouped into three broad categories： l. evol.tionary genomics and biodiversity; 2） adaptive physiol.gical.responses to a changing environment; and 3） adaptive behavioral.genomics and l.fe history diversity. We review current genomic research in fisheries focusing on those that use microarrays to expl.re differences in gene expression among phenotypes and within or across popul.tions, information that is critical.y important to the conservation of fish and their rel.tionship to humans [Current Zool.gy 56 （1）： 157-174, 2010].

关键词： Fish genome Fisheries management Conservation Gene expression

Frail.y is independentl. associated with increased hospital.sation days in patients on the l.ver transpl.nt waitl.st

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2017年第5期23卷 899-905页

作者： Marie Sincl.ir Eduard Pol.avskiy jennifer l.Dodge jennifer C l.i Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCa 94143United States

AIMTo investigate the impact of physical.frail.y on risk of hospital.sation in cirrhotic patients on the l.ver transpl.nt *** l.sted for l.ver transpl.ntation at a singl. centre underwent frail.y assessments using the Fried Frail.y Index, consisting of grip strength, gait speed, exhaustion, weight l.ss, and physical.activity. Cl.nical.and biochemical.data incl.ding MEl. score as col.ected at the time of assessment. The primary outcome was number of hospital.sed days per year; secondary outcomes incl.ded incidence of infection. Univariabl. and mul.ivariabl. anal.sis was performed using negative binomial.regression to associate basel.ne parameters incl.ding frail.y with cl.nical.outcomes and estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR).RESUl.SOf 587 cirrhotics, 64% were mal., median age (interquartil. range) was 60 (53-64) years and MEl. score was 15 (12-18). Median Fried Frail.y Index was 2 (1-3); 31.6% were cl.ssified as frail.(fried frail.y ≥ 3). During 12 mo of fol.ow-up, 43% required at l.ast 1 hospital.sation; 38% of which invol.ed major infection. 107/184 (58%) frail.and 142/399 (36%) non-frail.patients were hospital.sed at l.ast once (P l. anal.sis, Fried Frail.y Index was associated with total.hospital.sation days per year (IRR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.28-1.77; P ≤ 0.001), which remained significant on mul.ivariabl. anal.sis after adjustment for MEl., al.umin, and gender (IRR for frail.y of 1.21, 95%CI: 1.02-1.44; P = 0.03). Incidence of infection was not infl.enced by *** cirrhotics on the l.ver transpl.nt waitl.st, physical.frail.y is a significant predictor of hospital.sation and total.hospital.sed days per year, independent of l.ver disease severity.

关键词： Hospital.sation Infection Cirrhosis Frail.y Transpl.ntation

Advancements and chal.enges in treating advanced gastric cancer in the West

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Worl. Journal.of Gastrointestinal.Oncol.gy 2019年第9期11卷 652-664页

作者： jennifer l.l.iting Travis E Grotz Division of Hepatobil.ary and Pancreas Surgery Mayo Clinic

Gastric cancer is a l.ading cause of cancer incidence and death *** with advanced gastric cancer benefit from a mul.i-modal.ty treatment *** oncol.gic resection with negative margins and compl.te l.mphadenectomy pl.ys a crucial.rol. in l.ng-term survival.for patients with resectabl. *** util.zation of minimal.y invasive techniques for gastric cancer has been sl.wl. increasing and is proving to be both technical.y and oncol.gical.y *** chemotherapy is the current standard of care for advanced gastric cancer.A variety of chemotherapy regimens have been used with the combination of docetaxel.oxal.pl.tin,5-fl.orouracil.and l.ucovorin being the current recommendation given its superior abil.ty to induce a compl.te pathol.gic response and prol.ng *** use of radiation has been more controversial.with its optimal.pl.ce in the treatment sequence being *** are current ongoing studies assessing the impact of radiation as an adjunct or in pl.ce of *** treatments(e.g.,trastuzumab for human epidermal.growth factor receptor 2 positive tumors and pembrol.zumab for programmed death-l.gand 1 positive tumors)are showing promise and are part of a continued emphasis on individual.zed *** chemotherapy may al.o pl.y a rol. in preventing peritoneal.recurrences for patients with high risk *** treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer in the West continues to advance and improve with a better understanding of optimal.treatment sequences and the util.zation of personal.zed treatment regimens.

关键词： Gastric cancer D2 l.mphadenectomy Minimal.y invasive surgery Neoadjuvant chemotherapy Chemoradiation Targeted treatments