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Reproductive behavior in horseshoe crabs:Does density matter?

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Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 634-642页

作者： jennifer H.mATTEI mark A.BEEKEY Adam RUDmAN Alyssa WORONIK Department of Biology Sacred Heart University Department of Biology Southern Connecticut State University

While the four species of horseshoe crabs share many common reproductive traits with respect to their reproductive systems, they do differ with respect to their mating behavior （monogamy vs. polygynandry）. Past research has attributed these differences to a number of factors including： spawning densities, operational sex ratios （OSR＇s）, male condition （or age）, environmental and/or genetic factors, or a combination thereof. mating behaviors in the three Asian horseshoe crab species （Tachy-pleus gigas, T. tridentatus, and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda） with low spawning densities and 1：1 operational sex ratios are typically monogamous. In Limuluspolyphemus, mating behavior is more variable ranging fi＇om monogamy to polygynandry. Here we provide evidence, through a long term behavioral study, that variation in mating behavior is influenced by population density in L. polyphemus. Our study population on two beaches in Connecticut （Long Island Sound） have a spawning density 400 times less than that found in Delaware Bay （0.002 females/m2 vs. 0.8 females/m2） but similar operational sex ratios. Between 90%-95% of all spawning females in CT were paired with only one male, thus exhibiting monogamous behavior. In contrast, between 30 and 60% of spawning females in Delaware Bay have more than one mate and produce clutches of eggs with multiple paternities. male condition played no role in mating behavior in CT populations. We also observed that on average 18% of the females on the spawning beaches are single. These results suggest that population density is an important condition that determines mating behavior. Also, low population density may lead to decreased mate finding ability and lost opportunities for spawning

关键词： Limulus mating behavior Population density monogamy Polygynandry

FTIR investigation of the interfacial properties and mechanisms of CO_(2) sorption in porous ionic liquids

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Green Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期2卷 392-401页

作者： jennifer A.Schott Chi-Linh Do-Thanh Weida Shan Nicolette G.Puskar Sheng Dai Shannon m.mahurin Department of Chemistry Joint Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA

Porous liquids,which are liquids with permanent porosity,have received significant attention as a new class of materials with the potential for far-reaching impacts in a variety of applications including gas *** this work,in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements were conducted to investigate the mechanism of carbon dioxide absorption in a porous ionic liquid consisting of ZIF-8 combined with 8,80-(3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-diyl)bis(1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-en-8-ium)bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide([DBU-PEG][(Tf_(2)N)_(2)]).While the vibrational modes of the pure ionic liquid remain relatively unchanged,the incorporation of carbon dioxide leads to slight structural fluctuations in the ZIF-8 framework whether it is pure solid or as integrated into the porous ionic *** analysis of the vibrational modes of the porous ionic liquid suggests that the interaction of the CO_(2) occurs more strongly with the ring structure of the ZIF-8 *** splitting of the asymmetric stretch of the CO_(2) into multiple peaks upon sorption indicate the presence of multiple environments,which could be a combination of free and physisorbed CO_(2) or simply multiple binding sites within the porous ionic liquid.A better understanding of gas sorption mechanisms in this unique material could lead to new porous ionic liquids with enhanced separations properties.

关键词： Porous ionic liquids CO_(2)separation Infrared spectroscopy Gas-liquid interactions

Human mesenchymal stem cell morphology, migration, and differentiation on micro and nano-textured titanium

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Bioactive materials 2019年第1期4卷 249-255页

作者： Emily G.Long merve Buluk michelle B.Gallagher jennifer m.Schneider Justin L.Brown Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University122 CBEB BuildingUniversity ParkPA16802USA Titan Spine Inc.Mequon Research Center6140 W.Executive DriveSuite AMequonWI53092USA

Orthopedic implants rely on facilitating a robust interaction between the implant material surface and the surrounding bone ***,the interface will encourage osseointegration with the host bone,resulting in strong fixation and implant ***,implant failure can occur due to the lack of integration with bone tissue or bacterial *** chosen material and surface topography of orthopedic implants are key factors that influence the early events following implantation and may ultimately define the success of a *** attachment,rapid migration and improved differentiation of stem cells to osteoblasts are necessary to populate the surface of biomedical implants,potentially preventing biofilm formation and implant-associated *** article explores these early stem cell specific events by seeding human mesenchymal stem cells(mSCs)on four clinically relevant materials:polyether ether ketone(PEEK),Ti6Al4V(smooth Ti),macro-micro rough Ti6Al4V(Endoskeleton®),and macro-micro-nano rough Ti6Al4V(nanoLOCK®).The results demonstrate the incorporation of a hierarchical macro-micro-nano roughness on titanium produces a stellate morphology typical of mature osteoblasts/osteocytes,rapid and random migration,and improved osteogenic differentiation in seeded *** suggests rapid coverage of a surface by stem cells coupled with stimulation of bone differentiation minimizes the opportunity for biofilm formation while increasing the rate of device integration with the surrounding bone tissue.

关键词： titanium implantation roughness

Neuronal injury in the motor cortex after chronic stroke and lower limb motor impairment: a voxelbased lesion symptom mapping study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第7期9卷 766-772页

作者： Alexandria m.Reynolds Denise m.Peters jennifer m.C.Vendemia Lenwood P.Smith Raymond C.Sweet Gordon C.Baylis Debra Krotish Stacy L.Fritz Department of Psychology Barnwell College University of South Carolina Department of Exercise Science University of South Carolina Department of Psychology University of South Carolina Neurosurgery Center University of South Carolina School of Medicine Western Kentucky University University of South Carolina School of medicine

many studies have examined motor impairments using voxel-based lesion symptom mapping, but few are reported regarding the corresponding relationship between cerebral cortex injury and lower limb motor impairment analyzed using this technique. This study correlated neuro- nal injury in the cerebral cortex of 16 patients with chronic stroke based on a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping analysis. Neuronal injury in the corona radiata, caudate nucleus and putamen of patients with chronic stroke could predict walking speed. The behavioral measure scores were consistent with motor deficits expected after damage to the cortical motor system due to stroke. These findings suggest that voxel-based lesion symptom mapping may provide a more accurate prognosis of motor recovery from chronic stroke according to neuronal injury in cerebral motor cortex.

关键词： nerve regeneration magnetic resonance imaging stroke cerebral cortex motor cortex voxel-based lesion symptom mapping motor function prognosis neural regeneration

management of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial in-farction in patients aged≥80 years:a meta-analysis of ran-domized controlled trials

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第10期19卷 789-790页

作者： Connor J matthews Joshua Kirby Jonathan m Blaxill John P Greenwood Abdul m mozid jennifer A Rossington murugapathy Veerasamy Nancy Wassef Stephen B Wheatcroft Heerajnarain Bulluck Yorkshire Heart Centre Leeds General InfirmaryLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUnited Kingdom Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and metabolic medicine University of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom

Coronary artery disease(CAD)is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients.^([1])Despite this,elderly patients are under-represented in most trials of ***-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEmI)is a common cause of hospitalization among patients≥80 years of age,^([2])and with an aging global population,there is a pressing need to establish the optimal management strategy for these ***,we conducted a meta-analysis of all randomized control trials(RCTs)performed to date in patients≥80 years of age,comparing an initial invasive versus conservative strategy to provide insights into their optimal initial management strategy.

关键词： patients mortality analysis

Complex role of autophagy in regulation of hepatic lipid andlipoprotein metabolism

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第5期31卷 377-385页

作者： mostafa Zamani jennifer Taher Khosrow Adeli molecular Structure and Function Research Institute The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON M5G 1X8 Canada Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto ON M5G OA4 Canada Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto ON M5G OA4 Canada.

Discovering new therapeutic interventions to treat lipid and lipoprotein disorders is of great interest and the discovery of autophagy as a regulator of lipid metabolism has opened up new avenues for targeting modulators of this pathway. Autophagy is a degradative process that targets cellular components to the lysosome and recent studies have indicated a role for autophagy in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism(known as lipophagy) as well as lipoprotein assembly. Autophagy directly targets apolipoprotein B-100(apoB100), the structural protein component of very lowdensity lipoproteins(VLDLs), and further targets lipid droplets(LDs), the cellular storage for neutral *** thus plays a complex and dual role in VLDL particle assembly by regulating apoB 100 degradation as well as aiding the maturation of VLDL particles by hydrolyzing lipid from LDs. The purpose of this article is to review our current understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms mediating authophagic control of hepatic lipid biogenesis and VLDL production as well as dysregulation in insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

关键词： autophagy lipophagy lipid droplets apolipoprotein B-100 VLDL dyslipidemia hepatic steatosis

Eosinophils and mast cells as therapeutic targets in pediatric functional dyspepsia

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2013年第4期4卷 86-96页

作者： Craig A Friesen jennifer V Schurman jennifer m Colombo Susan m Abdel-Rahman Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutritionthe Children’s Mercy Hospital and Clinics Division of Developmental and Behavioral Sciences the Children’s Mercy Hospital and Clinics Division of Pediatric Pharmacology and medical Toxicology the Children’s Mercy Hospital and Clinics

There is an increasing appreciation for the importance of inflammation as a pathophysiologic entity that contributes to functional gastrointestinal disorders including functional dyspepsia(FD).Importantly,inflammation may serve as a mediator between psychologic and physiologic *** manuscript reviews the literature implicating two inflammatory cell types,mast cells and eosinophils,in the generation of dyspeptic symptoms and explores their potential as targets for the treatment of *** are a number of inciting events which may initiate an inflammatory response,and the subsequent recruitment and activation of mast cells and *** include internal triggers such as stress and anxiety,as well as external triggers such as microbes and *** studies suggest that there may be efficacy in utilizing medications directed at mast cells and *** exists to suggest that combining "anti-inflammatory" medications with other treatments targeting stress can improve the rate of symptom resolution in pediatric FD.

关键词： Eosinophils mast cells Functional dyspepsia Abdominal pain Stress

Competitive metabolism of L-arginine:arginase as a therapeutic target in asthma

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2011年第5期25卷 299-308页

作者： jennifer m.Bratt Amir A.Zeki Jerold A.Last Nicholas J.Kenyon Department of Internal medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep MedicineUniversity of California

Exhaled breath nitric oxide （NO） is an accepted asthma biomarker. Lung concentrations of NO and its amino acid precursor, L-arginine, are regulated by the relative expressions of the NO synthase （NOS） and arginase isoforms. Increased expression of arginase I and NOS2 occurs in murine models of allergic asthma and in biopsies of asthmatic airways. Although clinical trials involving the inhibition of NO-producing enzymes have shown mixed results, small molecule arginase inhibitors have shown potential as a therapeutic intervention in animal and cell culture models. Their transition to clinical trials is hampered by concerns regarding their safety and potential tox- icity. In this review, we discuss the paradigm of arginase and NOS competition for their substrate L-arginine in the asthmatic airway. We address the functional role of L-arginine in inflammation and the potential role of arginase inhibitors as therapeutics.

关键词： nitric oxide L-arginine arginase nor-NOHA nitrosation nitric oxide synthase

Cellular senescence in musculoskeletal homeostasis,diseases,and regeneration

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 444-455页

作者： mei Wan Elise F.Gray-Gaillard jennifer H.Elisseeff Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Translational Tissue Engineering Center Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Emerging insights into cellular senescence highlight the relevance of senescence in musculoskeletal disorders,which represent the leading global cause of *** senescence was initially described by Hayflick et *** 1961 as an irreversible nondividing state in in vitro cell culture *** now know that cellular senescence can occur in vivo in response to various stressors as a heterogeneous and tissue-specific cell state with a secretome phenotype acquired after the initial growth *** the past two decades,compelling evidence from preclinical models and human data show an accumulation of senescent cells in many components of the musculoskeletal *** senescence is therefore a defining feature of age-related musculoskeletal disorders,and targeted elimination of these cells has emerged recently as a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate tissue damage and promote repair and regeneration of the skeleton and skeletal *** this review,we summarize evidence of the role of senescent cells in the maintenance of bone homeostasis during childhood and their contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic musculoskeletal disorders,including osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and *** highlight the diversity of the senescent cells in the microenvironment of bone,joint,and skeletal muscle tissue,as well as the mechanisms by which these senescent cells are involved in musculoskeletal *** addition,we discuss how identifying and targeting senescent cells might positively affect pathologic progression and musculoskeletal system regeneration.

关键词： skeletal homeostasis dividing