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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 313-322页

作者： Kenna D.S. LEHm.NN Tracy m. m.NTGOm.RY Sarah m. m.CLACHLAN jenna m. parkerc livia S. SPAGNUOLO Kelsey J. VANDEWETERING Patrick S. BILLS Kay E. HOLEKAm. Departm.nt of Integrative Biology Michigan State University 288 Farm Lane Room 203 East Lansing MI 48824 USA Ecology Evolutionary Biology and Behavior Michigan State University 293 Farm Lane Room 103 East Lansing MI 48824 USA Departm.nt of Fish Wildlife and Conservation Biology Colorado State University 1474 Campus Delivery Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Conservation Ecology and Environm.ntal Inform.tics School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Michigan 440 Church St. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Institute for Cyber Enabled Research Michigan State University Biomedical & Physical Sciences Building 567 Wilson Road Room 1440 East Lansing MI 48824 USA

Understanding the factors that facilitate the em.rgence of cooperation am.ng organism. is central to the study of social evolution. Spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta frequently cooperate to m.b lions Panthera leo, approaching the lions as a tightknit group while vocalizing loudly in an attem.t to overwhelm.them.and drive them.away. Whereas cooperative m.bbing behavior has been well docum.nted in birds and som. m.m.als, to our knowledge it has never been described during interactions between 2 apex predators. Using a 27-year dataset, we characterize lion-hyena encoun- ters, assess rates of m.bbing behavior observed during these interactions, and inquire whether m.bbing results in successful acquisition of food. Lions and hyenas interacted m.st often at fresh kills, especially as prey size and the num.er of hyenas present increased. Possession of food at the beginning of an interaction positively affected retention of that food by each predator species. The presence of m.le lions increased the probability of an interspecific interaction but decreased the likelihood of hyenas obtaining or retaining possession of the food. Hyena m.bbing rates were highest at fresh kills, but lower when adult m.le lions were present. The occurrence of m.bbing was predicted by an increase in the num.er of hyenas present. Whether or not m.bbing resulted in acquisition of food from.lions was predicted by an increase in the num.er of m.bs form.d by the hyenas present, suggesting that cooperation am.ng hyenas enhances their fitness.

关键词： com.etition cooperation hyena lion m.bbing sociality.

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m.xing and m.tching Sm.L proteins to fine-tune strigolactone responses

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m.lecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1167-1169页

作者： jenna E.Hountalas Shelley Lum.a Departm.nt of Cell&System. Biology University of Toronto25 Willcocks StreetTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada Centre for the Analysis of Genom. Evolution and Function University of Toronto25 Willcocks StreetTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada

A com.on m.chanism.in plant horm.ne signaling is horm.nedependent degradation of downstream.*** the case of strigolactone(SL)signaling,one group of SUPPRESSOR OF m.RE AXILLARY BRANCHES 2(m.X2)1-LIKE(Sm.L)proteins undergoes horm.ne-dependent degradation,while another does not.A recent publication in m.lecular Plant by Li et al.(2024)illustrates that m.xing and m.tching a Sm.L resistant to SL degradation with a Sm.L sensitive to SL degradation finely tunes SL *** phenom.non could reflect a naturally occurring negative transdom.nance,which is a dom.nantnegative effect arising not from.a m.tant allele of the sam. gene but rather from.a different gene altogether(Veitia,2007).This trans-acting protein attenuates SL-dependent degradation of the Sm.L *** findings have exciting im.lications for how different Sm.L com.inations could result in a gradient of SL responses.

关键词： com.lex. m.tching degradation

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Viscoelastic analysis of single-com.onent and com.osite PEG and alginate hydrogels

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Acta m.chanica Sinica 2014年第1期30卷 7-14页

作者： jenna m.Shapiro m.chelle L.Oyen Cam.ridge University Engineering Departm.nt CambridgeUK Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Hum.n Developm.nt National Institutes of Health

Hydrogels, three-dim.nsional hydrophilic polym.r networks, are appealing candidate m.terials for study- ing the cellular m.croenvironm.nt as their substantial water content helps to better m.m.c soft tissue. However, hydrogels can lack m.chanical stiffness, strength, and tough- ness. Com.osite hydrogel system. have been shown to im.rove upon m.chanical properties com.ared to their single- com.onent counterparts. Poly （ethylene glycol） dim.thacrylate （PEGDm.） and alginate are polym.rs that have been used to form.hydrogels for biological applications. Single- com.onent and com.osite PEGDm. and alginate system. were fabricated with a range of total polym.r concentrations. Bulk gels were m.chanically characterized using spherical indentation testing and a viscoelastic analysis fram.work. An increase in shear m.dulus with increasing polym.r con- centration was dem.nstrated for all system.. Alginate hydro- gels were shown to have a sm.ller viscoelastic ratio than the PEGDm. gels, indicating m.re extensive relaxation over tim.. Com.osite alginate and PEGDm. hydrogels exhib- ited a com.ination of the m.chanical properties of the con- stituents, as well as a qualitative increase in toughness. Additionally, m.ltiple hydrogel system. were produced that had sim.lar shear m.duli, but different viscoelastic behaviors. Accurate m.asurem.nt of the m.chanical properties of hydrogels is necessary in order to determ.ne what param.ters are key in m.deling the cellular m.croenvironm.nt.

关键词： Hydrogel Viscoelastic Indentation Nanoin-dentation Com.osite

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Oxidation state specific analysis of arsenic species in tissues of wild-type and arsenic(+3 oxidation state)m.thyltransferase-knockout m.ce

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 104-112页

作者： jenna m.Currier Christelle Douillet Zuzana Drobná m.roslav Styblo Curriculum.in Toxicology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Departm.nt of Nutrition Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Arsenic m.thyltransferase（As3m.） catalyzes the conversion of inorganic arsenic（i As） to its m.thylated m.tabolites, including toxic m.thylarsonite（m.s~Ⅲ） and dim.thylarsinite（Dm.s~Ⅲ）. Knockout（KO） of As3 m. was shown to reduce the capacity to m.thylate i As in m.ce. However, no data are available on the oxidation states of As species in tissues of these m.ce. Here, we com.are the oxidation states of As species in tissues of m.le C57BL/6 As3m.-KO and wild-type（WT） m.ce exposed to arsenite（iA s~Ⅲ） in drinking water. WT m.ce were exposed to50 m./L As and As3m.-KO m.ce that cannot tolerate 50 m./L As were exposed to 0, 15, 20, 25 or30 m./L As. iA s~Ⅲaccounted for 53% to 74% of total As in liver, pancreas, adipose, lung, heart, and kidney of As3m.-KO m.ce; tri- and pentavalent m.thylated arsenicals did not exceed 10% of total As. Tissues of WT m.ce retained iA s and m.thylated arsenicals： iA s~Ⅲ, m.s~Ⅲand Dm.s~Ⅲ represented 55%‐68% of the total As in the liver, pancreas, and brain. High levels of m.thylated species, particularly m.s~Ⅲ, were found in the intestine of WT, but not As3m.-KO m.ce,suggesting that intestinal bacteria are not a m.jor source of m.thylated As. Blood of WT m.ce contained significantly higher levels of As than blood of As3m.-KO m.ce. This study is the first to determ.ne oxidation states of As species in tissues of As3m.-KO m.ce. Results will help to design studies using WT and As3m.-KO m.ce to exam.ne the role of iA s m.thylation in adverse effects of iA s exposure.

关键词： Arsenic speciation analysis Hydride generation-cryotrapping-atom.c absorption spectrom.try Arsenic(+ 3 oxidation state) m.thyltransferase As3m. knockout m.ce

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Advances in targeted nanotherapeutics： From.bioconjugation to biom.m.cry

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 4999-5016页

作者： Danielle m. Valcourt jenna Harris Rachel S. Riley m.gan Dang Jianxin Wang Em.ly S. Day 161 Colburn L ab Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA 201 DuPont Hall Department of Materials Science & Engineering University o f Delaware Newark DE 79716 USA 4701 Ogletown Stanton Road Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute Newark DE 19713 USA

Since the em.rgence of cancer nanom.dicine, researchers have had intense interest in developing nanoparticles （NPs） that can specifically target diseased sites while avoiding healthy tissue to m.tigate the off-target effects seen with conventional treatm.nts like chem.therapy. Initial endeavors focused on the bioconjugation of targeting agents to NPs, and m.re recently, researchers have begun to develop biom.m.tic NP platform. that can avoid im.une recognition to m.xim.lly accum.late in tum.rs. In this review, we describe the advantages and lim.tations of each of these targeting strategies. First, we review developm.nts in bioconjugation strategies, where NPs are coated with biom.lecules such as antibodies, aptam.rs, peptides, and sm.ll m.lecules to enable cell-specific binding. While bioconjugated NPs offer m.ny exciting features and have im.roved pharm.cokinetics and biodistribution relative to unm.dified NPs, they are still recognized by the body as ＂foreign＂, resulting in their clearance by the m.nonuclear phagocytic system.（m.S）. To overcom. this lim.tation, researchers have recently begun to investigate biom.m.tic approaches that can hide NPs from.im.une recognition and reduce clearance by the m.S. These biom.m.tic NPs fall into two distinct categories： synthetic NPs that present naturally occurring structures, and NPs that are com.letely disguised by natural structures. Overall bioconjugated and biom.m.tic NPs have substantial potential to im.rove upon conventional treatm.nts by reducing off-target effects through site-specific delivery. and they show great prom.se for future standards of care. Here, we provide a sum.ary of each strategy, discuss considerations for their design m.ving forward, and highlight their potential clinical im.act on cancer therapy.

关键词： targeting nanoparticles cancer biom.m.cry bioconjugation delivery

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Decision m.king for m.naging Com.unity Flood Risks:Perspectives of United States Floodplain m.nagers

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 649-660页

作者： jenna Tyler Abdul-Akeem.Sadiq Douglas S.Noonan Rebecca m.Entress School of Public Adm.nistration University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32801USA O'Neill School of Public and Environm.ntal Affairs Indiana University–Purdue University IndianapolisIN 46202USA

To reduce flood losses,floodplain m.nagers m.ke decisions on how to effectively m.nage their com.unity’s flood *** there is a growing body of research that exam.nes how individuals and households m.ke decisions to m.nage their flood risks,far less attention has been directed at understanding the decision-m.king processes for flood m.nagem.nt at the com.unity *** study aim.d to narrow this research gap by exam.ning floodplain m.nagers’perceptions of the quality of their com.unity’s flood m.nagem.nt decision-m.king *** gathered from.interviews with 200 floodplain m.nagers in the United States indicate that m.st floodplain m.nagers perceive their com.unity’s flood m.nagem.nt decision-m.king processes to be *** results also indicate that com.unities participating in the Federal Em.rgency m.nagem.nt Agency’s Com.unity Rating System.as well as com.unities with a higher level of concern for flooding and a lower poverty rate,are significantly m.re likely to report better flood m.nagem.nt decision-m.king processes.

关键词： Com.unity flood risk m.nagem.nt Decision m.king Floodplain m.nagers United States

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Biopolym.r-nanotube nerve guidance conduit drug delivery for peripheral nerve regeneration:In vivo structural and functional assessm.nt

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Bioactive m.terials 2021年第9期6卷 2881-2893页

作者： Ohan S.m.noukian Swetha Rudraiah m.chael R.Arul jenna m.Bartley Jiana T.Baker Xiaojun Yu Sangam.sh G.Kum.ar Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery University of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Departm.nt of Pharm.ceutical Sciences University of Saint JosephHartfordCTUSA Departm.nt of Im.unology Center on AgingUniversity of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries account for roughly 3%of all traum. patients with over 900,000 repair procedures annually in the *** all extrem.ty peripheral nerve injuries,51%require nerve repair with a transected *** current gold-standard treatm.nt for peripheral nerve injuries,autograft repair,has several *** constructs are currently only suitable for short gaps or sm.ll diam.ter ***,we investigate novel nerve guidance conduits with aligned m.crochannel porosity that deliver sustained-release of neurogenic 4-am.nopyridine(4-AP)for peripheral nerve regeneration in a critical-size(15 m.)rat sciatic nerve transection *** results of functional walking track analysis,m.rphom.tric evaluations of m.elin developm.nt,and histological assessm.nts of various m.rkers confirm.d the equivalency of our drug-conduit with autograft *** nerves showed form.tion of thick m.elin,presence of S100 and neurofilam.nt m.rkers,and prom.sing functional *** conduit’s aligned m.crochannel architecture m.y play a vital role in physically guiding axons for distal target reinnervation,while the sustained release of 4-AP m.y increase nerve conduction,and in turn synaptic neurotransm.tter release and upregulation of critical Schwann cell neurotrophic ***,our nerve construct design facilitates efficient and efficacious peripheral nerve regeneration via a drug delivery system.that is feasible for clinical applications.

关键词： Peripheral nerve regeneration Nerve guidance conduit Sciatic nerve transection Sm.ll-m.lecule drug delivery Neurotrophic factor Functional recovery

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Transcriptom. landscape of the early Brassica napus seed

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第5期61卷 639-650页

作者： Dylan J.Ziegler Deirdre Khan jenna L.Kalichuk m.chael G.Becker m.rk F.Belm.nte University of m.nitoba

Brassica napus L.(canola) is one of the world’s m.st econom.cally im.ortant oilseeds. Despite our growing knowledge of Brassica genetics, we still know little about the genes and gene regulatory networks underlying early seed developm.nt. In this work, we use laser m.crodissection coupled with RNA sequencing to profile gene activity of both the m.ternal and filial subregions of the globular seed. We find subregions of the chalazal end including the chalazal endosperm. chalazal proliferating tissue, and chalazal seed coat, have unique transcriptom. profiles associated with horm.ne biosynthesis and polysaccharide m.tabolism. We confirm.that the chalazal seed coat is uniquely enriched for sucrose biosynthesis and transport, and that the chalazal endosperm.m.y function as an im.ortant regulator of the m.ternal region through brassinosteroid synthesis. The chalazal proliferating tissue,a poorly understood subregion, was specifically enriched in transcripts associated with m.gasporogenesis and trehalose biosynthesis, suggesting this ephem.ral structure plays an im.ortant role in both sporophytic developm.nt and carbon nutrient balance, respectively. Finally, com.artm.ntalization of transcription factors and their regulatory circuits has uncovered previously unknown roles for the chalazal pole in early seed developm.nt.

关键词： Brassica napus L.(canola) understood subregion

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Im.act of sustained virologic response on chronic kidney disease progression in hepatitis C

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第36期9卷 1352-1360页

作者： Elizabeth S Aby Tien S Dong jenna Kawam.to Joseph R Pisegna Jihane N Benham.ou Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition Department of Medicine VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System the Vatche and Tam.r m.noukian Division of Digestive Diseases UCLA Los Angeles Department of Medicine University of California David Geffen School of Medicine

AIm.To determ.ne how sustained virological response at 12 wk(SVR12) with direct acting antivirals(DAAs) for the treatm.nt of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection affects chronic kidney disease(CKD) progression. m.THODS A retrospective analysis was perform.d in patients aged ≥ 18 years treated for HCV with DAAs at the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System.from.2014-2016. The treatm.nt group was com.ared to patients with HCV from.2011-2013 who did not undergo HCV treatm.nt, prior to the introduction of DAAs; the control group was m.tched to the study group in term. of age, gender, and ethnicity. Analysis of variance and co-variance was perform.d to com.are m.ans between SVR12 subgroups adjusting for *** Five hundred and twenty-three patients were evaluated. When com.aring the rate of change in estim.ted glom.rular filtration rate(e GFR) one-year after HCV treatm.nt to one-year before treatm.nt, patients who achieved SVR12 had a decline in GFR of 3.1 m.L/m.n ± 0.75 m.L/m.n per 1.73 m.2 com.ared to a decline in e GFR of 11.0 m.L/m.n ± 2.81 m.L/m.n per 1.73 m.2 in patients who did not achieve SVR12(P = 0.002). There were no significant clinical differences between patients who achieved SVR12 com.ared to those who did not in term. of cirrhosis, treatm.nt course, treatm.nt experience, CKD stage prior to treatm.nt, diuretic use or other co-m.rbidities. The decline in e GFR in those with untreated HCV over 2 years was 2.8 m.L/m.n ± 1.0 m.L/m.n per 1.73 m.2, which was not significantly different from.the e GFR decline noted in HCV-treated patients who achieved SVR12(P = 0.43).CONCLUSION Patients who achieve SVR12 have a lesser decline in renal function, but viral eradication in itself m.y not be associated im.rovem.nt in renal disease progression.

关键词： Hepatitis C Direct-acting antivirals Chronic kidney disease End stage renal disease Sustained virological response

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C-reactive protein in gallbladder diseases:diagnostic and therapeutic insights

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Biophysics Reports 2020年第Z1期6卷 49-67页

作者： Ibraheem.m.Rajab Daniel m.jerczyk m.rgaret E.Olson jenna m.B.Addam. m.hee L.Choe m.tthew S.Nelson Lawrence A.Potem.a College of Pharm.cy Roosevelt University

The gallbladder is an im.ortant com.onent of the hepatobiliary system.whose prim.ry function is to aid in digestion of foodstuffs, excretion of drugs and facilitate rem.val of waste products from.the *** gall bladder is principally a storage organ for bile, chem.cally m.dified salts and acids of cholesterol which are synthesized in the liver and which function as surfactants to solubilize fatty substances of lim.ted aqueous solubility. Any disruption in the am.unt or activity of bile surfactant can lead to an accum.lation of insoluble m.lecular clum.s(e.g., gallstones) that deposit in and obstruct fluid m.vem.nt within the gallbladder, and which can lead to pathological congestion and tissue *** natural host defense response to any event that causes tissue dam.ge is to stim.late inflam.ation,which non-specifically but aggressively reacts to the stim.li so to rem.ve the cause and repair dam.ged tissues. The C-reactive protein(CRP) is a prim.rily hepatically produced serum.protein whose blood levels increase within 6–10 h of any tissue-dam.ging event. The extent with which it increases correlates with the level of tissue dam.ge and associated inflam.ation. CRP levels are reported to be of value in diagnosing acute cholecystitis severity, in predicting the outcom. and prognosis of cancerassociated gallbladder resection, and in helping identify cystic structures during em.rgency laparoscopic cholecystectom.es. As an understanding of distinctive CRP structural isoform. is evolving, its role not only as a biom.rker but as regulator of both physiologic and pathophysiologic processes of inflam.ation m.y be relevant in the understanding of and treatm.nt approaches for gallbladderassociated disease.

关键词： C-reactive protein m.nom.ric C-reactive Inflam.ation Gallbladder Gallstone Cholecystitis Cholesterol

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