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Feeding methods, sleep arrangement, and infant sleep patterns: a Chinese population-based study

World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第1期12卷 66-75页

作者： Xiao-Na Huang Hui-Shan Wang jen-jen chang Lin-Hong Wang Xi-Cheng Liu Jing-Xiong Jiang Lin An Department of Children Health National Center for Maternal and Children HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Department of Epidemiology Saint Louis University College for Public Health and Social JusticeSt.Louis.MOUSA The National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Bronchoscopy Center Affi liated Children Hospital of Beijing Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Public Health Peking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina

Background:Findings from prior research into the effect of feeding methods on infant sleep are *** objectives of this study were to examine infants'sleep patterns by feeding methods and sleep arrangement from birth to eight months ***:This longitudinal cohort study enrolled 524 pregnant women at 34-41 weeks of gestation and their infants after delivery in 2006 and followed up until eight months *** study subjects were recruited from nine women and children hospitals in nine cities in China(Beijing,Chongqing,Wuhan,changsha,Nanning,Xiamen,Xi'an,Jinan,and Hailin).Participating infants were followed up weekly during the first month and monthly from the second to the eighth month after ***-four hour sleep diaries recording infants'sleeping and feeding methods were administered based on caregiver's *** mixed growth curve models were fi tted to estimate the effects of feeding methods and sleep arrangement on infants'sleep patterns over time,controlling for maternal and paternal age,maternal and paternal education level,household income,supplementation of complementary food,and infant birth weight and ***:Exclusively formula fed infants had the greatest sleep percentage/24 h,followed by exclusively breast milk fed infants and partially breast milk fed infants(P<0.01).Night waking followed a similar ***,the differences in sleep percentage and night waking frequency between exclusively formula and exclusively breast milk fed infants weakened over time as infants *** addition,compared to infants with bed-sharing sleep arrangement,those with room sharing sleep arrangement had greater daytime and 24-hour infant sleep percentage,whereas those with sleeping alone sleep arrangement had greater nighttime sleep ***:Our data based on caregiver's selfreport suggested that partial breastfeeding and bedsharing may be associated with less sleep in *** care professio

关键词： breast feeding feeding method infant sleep sleep arrangement

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Association between Prenatal Care Utilization and Risk of Preterm Birth among Chinese Women

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2017年第4期37卷 605-611页

作者：张斌杨蓉梁胜文王静 jen jen chang 胡柯董光辉胡荣华 Louise H.Flick 章一鸣张丹李庆杰郑同章徐顺青杨少萍钱正敏 Wuhan Children's Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center Saint Louis University College for Public Health and Social Justice Sun Yat-sen University School of Public Health Brown University School of Public HealthProvidence School of Public Health Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

It is recognized that prenatal care plays an important role in reducing adverse birth. Chinese pregnant women with medical condition were required to seek additional health care based on the recommended at least 5 times health care visits. This study was to estimate the association between prenatal care utilization（PCU） and preterm birth（PTB）, and to investigate if medical conditions during pregnancy modified the association. This population-based case control study sampled women with PTB as cases; one control for each case was randomly selected from women with term births. The Electronic Perinatal Health Care Information System（EPHCIS） and a questionnaire were used for data collection. The PCU was measured by a renewed Prenatal Care Utilization（APNCU） index. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios（OR） and the 95% confidence interval（95% CI）. Totally, 2393 women with PTBs and 4263 women with term births were collected. In this study, 695（10.5%） women experienced inadequate prenatal care, and 5131（77.1%） received adequate plus prenatal care. Inadequate PCU was associated with PTB（adjusted OR： 1.41, 95% CI： 1.32–1.84）; the similar positive association was found between adequate plus PCU and PTB. Among women with medical conditions, these associations still existed; but among women without medical conditions, the association between inadequate PCU and PTB disappeared. Our data suggests that women receiving inappropriate PCU are at an increased risk of having PTB, but it does depend on whether the woman has a medical condition during pregnancy.

关键词： preterm birth very preterm birth moderate preterm birth prenatal care prenatal care utilization

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Pancreatic stent improves the success rate of needle-knife papillotomy in patients with difficult biliary cannulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 58-67页

作者： Mu-Hsien Lee Cheng-Hui Lin Chi-Huan Wu Yung-Kuan Tsou Kai-Feng Sung Sheng-Fu Wang Nai-jen Liu Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineTaoyuan 33305Taiwan School of Medicine Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33305Taiwan

BACKGROUND Needle-knife precut papillotomy(NKP)is typically performed ***,it remains unclear whether pancreatic stent(PS)placement can improve the outcomes of *** To explore whether PS placement improves the success rate of NKP in patients with difficult biliary *** This single-center retrospective study included 190 patients who underwent NKP between January 2017 and December 2021 after failed conventional biliary *** cases with incidental pancreatic duct cannulation during conventional biliary cannulation,the decision for pre-NKP PS placement was made at the endoscopist's *** primary outcome was the difference in the NKP success rate between patients with and without PS placement;the secondary outcome was the adverse event *** Among the 190 participants,82 received pre-NKP PS(PS-NKP group)whereas 108 did not[freehand or freehand NKP(FH-NKP)group].Post-NKP selective biliary cannulation was successful in 167(87.9%)patients,and the PS-NKP had a significantly higher success rate than the FH-NKP group(93.9%vs 83.3%,P=0.027).The overall adverse event rates were 7.3%and 11.1%in the PS-NKP and FH-NKP groups,respectively(P=0.493).A periampullary diverticulum(PAD)and significant intraoperative bleeding during NKP were independently associated with NKP failure;however,a pre-NKP PS was the only predictor of NKP *** the 44 participants with PADs,the PS-NKP group had a non-significantly higher NKP success rate than the FH-NKP group(87.5%and 65%,respectively;P=0.076).CONCLUSION PS significantly improved the success rate of NKP in patients with difficult biliary cannulation.

关键词： Difficult biliary cannulation Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Needle-knife papillotomy Pancreatic stent Selective biliary cannulation

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Design of a long range nano-scale resolution mechanism

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第4期11卷 250-254页

作者： Shuo Hung chang jen Bon LEE Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University

This paper presents the development of a coarse-fine dual precision positioning stage to achieve long travel range and high *** fine stage is arranged in series with a coarse *** key in the fine stage design is the choice of a toggle mechanism for a tight mechanical loop with high stiffness and *** designed the toggle mechanism for reduction of the displacement to suppress signal *** performance of the coarse and fine stages was verified with an optical encoder and capacitive sensor,*** measurement results show that the dual mechanism has a travel range of 1 mm and resolution of 30 nm.

关键词： Coarse-fine dual stage Nano-scale resolution Piezoelectric (PZT) actuator

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The model developed for stress-induced structural phase transformations of micro-crystalline silicon films

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Nano-Micro Letters 2010年第2期2卷 68-73页

作者： chang-Fu Han jen-Fin Lin Department of Mechanical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology National Cheng Kung University

The nanoindentations were applied to island-shaped regions with metal-induced Si crystallizations. The experimental stress-strain relationship is obtained from the load-depth profile in order to investigate the critical stresses arising at various phase transitions. The stress and strain values at various indentation depths are applied to determine the Gibbs free energy at various phases. The intersections of the Gibbs free energy lines are used to determine the possible paths of phase transitions arising at various indentation depths. All the critical contact stresses corresponding to the various phase transitions at four annealing temperatures were found to be consistent with the experimental results.

关键词： Silicon films Phase transitions Stress-strain model

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Ring columns as pier scour countermeasures

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2011年第3期26卷 353-363页

作者： jen-Hao CHENG Han-Peng SHIH jen-Wei chang Candidate in Program of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Water Resources Engineering and Conservation The University of Feng ChiaTaiwan.China

Ring columns placed upstream of a bridge pier to protect it from local scouring are typical scouring countermeasures.A series of experiments are conducted under clear-water steady flow（V/V;≤1）with uniform *** parameters,such as ring column diameter,thickness,height,and distances between ring columns and the pier,are considered in the *** data are used to assess the influence of each parameter on pier scour *** results indicate that pores in ring columns provide space for energy dissipation of the downflow,hence,effectively reduce the flow energy impacting the downstream *** friction force of ring columns caused by their geometric shape reduces kinetic energy and pier scour *** general,it is found that the best pattern of ring columns reduce pier scour depth by 65%.

关键词： Ring columns Local scour Energy dissipation Scour depth

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Expanding Visions of American Learners of Collegiate Chinese:Heritage Students

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世界汉语教学 2001年第3期15卷 89-105页

作者： Theresa chang whei jen

美国华裔大学生的汉语语言和文化背景十分复杂 ,对中文的需求也是多样化的 ,因此 ,高等学校的中文教学如何适应华裔学生的具体情况 ,已经成为迫切需要解决的问题。有鉴于此 ,本文作者对美国东海岸 6所高等学校的华裔学生和中文教学状况... 详细信息

美国华裔大学生的汉语语言和文化背景十分复杂 ,对中文的需求也是多样化的 ,因此 ,高等学校的中文教学如何适应华裔学生的具体情况 ,已经成为迫切需要解决的问题。有鉴于此 ,本文作者对美国东海岸 6所高等学校的华裔学生和中文教学状况进行了细致的调查研究。调查分两部分 ,一部分是了解学生的语言背景、中文水平、学习中文的原因、动机、兴趣等情况 ;一部分主要了解各校的中文课程设置、教学形式、考评、分班、教材等方面。调查结果显示 ,华裔学生和非华裔学生在学习中文的年龄、动机、文化等方面都有很大差异 ,华裔学生的学习有着非常突出的特点 ,现行的课程安排不能满足他们的需求 ,教材缺乏针对性 ,考评方法也不适应他们的特点。这些都需要有针对性地找出应对措施 ,改革教学 ,使之适应他们的具体情况。

关键词：华裔学生高等学校中文教学针对性情况中文课适应语言和文化汉语语言背景

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Regenerable adsorbent for removing ammonia evolved from anaerobic reaction of animal urine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1176-1181页

作者： CHOU Liang-hsing TSAI Ru-in chang jen-ray LEE Maw-tien Department of Civil and Water Resource Engineering "National" Chiayi UniversityChia-YiTaiwanChina Department of Chemical Engineering "National" Chung Cheng UniversityChia-YiTaiwanChina Department of Applied Chemistry "National" Chiayi UniversityChia-YiTaiwanChina.

The waste gas evolved from biodegradation of animal urine contains ammonia causing environmental concerns. A new and effective method for removing ammonia from such waste gas using reactive adsorption is presented. In the process, activated carbon impregnated with H2SO4（H2SO4/C） is employed. Ammonia in the waste gas reacts with H2SO4 on the adsorbent instantaneously and completely to form （NIL）2SO4. The H2SO4/C adsorbent is high in NH3 adsorption capacity and regenerable. The NH3 removal capacity of this regenerable adsorbent is more than 30 times that of the adsorbents used normally in the industry. The spent H2SO4/C is regenerated by flowing low-pressure steam through the adsorbent bed to remove the （NH4）2SO4 from the adsorbent. The regeneration by-product is concentrated （NH4）2SO4 solution, which is a perfect liquid fertilizer for local use. Re-soaking the activated carbon with H2SO4 solution rejuvenates the activity of the adsorbent. Thus the H2SOJC can be reused repeatedly. In the mechanism of this reactive adsorption process, trace of H20 in the waste gas is a required, which lends itself to treating ammonia gas saturated with moisture from biodegradation of animal urine.

关键词： ammonia removal regenerable adsorbent reactive adsorption biodegradation of animal urine activated carbon

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An Analytical Solution for Wave Transformation Over Axi-Symmetric Topography

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China Ocean Engineering 2019年第6期33卷 694-703页

作者： CUONG San Sieu chang jen-Yi TSAI Chia-Cheng CHOU Wan-Rong aInstitute of Oceanography National Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10617China Tainan University of Technology Tainan 71002China Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung 81164China Department of Marine Environment and Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiung 80424China Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 701China

The present study considers wave scattering phenomena around a cylindrical island mounted on a general axisymmetric topography or a general submerged truncated axi-symmetric shoal based on the mild-slope equation. The method of separation of variables and Taylor series expansion are invoked to find the approximate solution to the variable water depth region which varies proportionally to an arbitrary power of radial distance. Validations against the solutions for the combined wave refraction and diffraction around a cylindrical island mounted on a paraboloidal shoal of Liu et al. in 2004 and the scattering and trapping of wave energy by a submerged truncated paraboloidal shoal of Lin and Liu in 2007 show excellent agreements as the power of radial distance being equal to two. For the solutions of wave refraction and diffraction around a cylindrical island mounted on a shoal with depth proportionally to an arbitrary power of radial distance, good agreements with Zhai et al.’s(2013) solutions are demonstrated. Since the robustness of the assumption of a general axi-symmetric geometry based on an arbitrary power variability of the radial distance, the present solution can be very conveniently employed to investigate the effects of bottom topography on wave scattering and trapping patterns.

关键词： general axi-symmetric topography mild-slope equation submerged truncated shoal wave refraction wave diffraction

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A Comparative Study on Polynomial Expansion Method and Polynomial Method of Particular Solutions

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2022年第3期14卷 577-595页

作者： jen-Yi chang Ru-Yun Chen Chia-Cheng Tsai Tainan University of Technology Tainan 71002Taiwan China Department of Harbor and River Engineering Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 202301Taiwan China Bachelor Degree Program in Ocean Engineering and Technology Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 202301Taiwan China Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 202301Taiwan China

In this study,the polynomial expansion method(PEM)and the polynomial method of particular solutions(PMPS)are applied to solve a class of linear elliptic partial differential equations(PDEs)in two dimensions with constant coefﬁ*** the solution procedure,the sought solution is approximated by the Pascal polynomials and their particular solutions for the PEM and PMPS,*** multiple-scale technique is applied to improve the conditioning of the resulted linear equations and the accuracy of numerical results for both of the PEM and *** mathematical statements are provided to demonstrate the equivalence of the PEM and PMPS bases as they are both bases of a certain polynomial vector ***,some numerical experiments were conducted to validate the implementation of the PEM and *** results demonstrated that the PEM is more accurate and well-conditioned than the PMPS and the multiple-scale technique is essential in these polynomial methods.

关键词： Pascal polynomial polynomial expansion method polynomial method of particular solutions collocation method multiple-scale technique

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