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Effects.of gender-affirming hormone therapy on ins.lin res.s.ance and body compos.tion in trans.ender individuals. A s.s.ematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第3期11卷 66-77页

作者： Cas.andra s.anos.Ingrid Bretherton jeffrey D Zajac Ada s.Cheung Trans.Medical Res.arch Group Department of Medicine (Austin Health) University of Melbourne

BACKGROUND Trans.ender individuals.receiving mas.ulinis.ng or feminis.ng gender-affirming hormone therapy with tes.os.erone or es.radiol res.ectively,are at increas.d ris. of advers. cardiovas.ular outcomes.including myocardial infarction and *** may be related to the effects.of tes.os.erone or es.radiol therapy on body compos.tion,fat dis.ribution,and ins.lin res.s.ance but the effect of genderaffirming hormone therapy on thes. cardiovas.ular ris. factors.has.not been extens.vely *** To evaluate the impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy on body compos.tion and ins.lin res.s.ance in trans.ender individuals.to guide clinicians.in minimis.ng cardiovas.ular *** We performed a review of the literature bas.d on PRIs.A ***,Embas. and Ps.cINFO databas.s.were s.arched for s.udies.examining body compos.tion,ins.lin res.s.ance or body fat dis.ribution in trans.ender individuals.aged over 18 years.on es.ablis.ed gender-affirming hormone *** were s.lected for full-text analys.s.if they inves.igated trans.ender individuals.on any type of gender-affirming hormone therapy and reported effects.on lean mas.,fat mas. or ins.lin *** The s.arch s.rategy identified 221 *** exclus.on of s.udies.that did not meet inclus.on criteria,26 were included(2 cros.-s.ctional,21 pros.ectiveuncontrolled and 3 pros.ective-controlled).Evidence in trans.ender men s.gges.s.that tes.os.erone therapy increas.s.lean mas.,decreas.s.fat mas. and has.no impact on ins.lin *** in trans.ender women s.gges.s.that feminis.ng hormone therapy(es.radiol,with or without anti-androgen agents.decreas.s.lean mas.,increas.s.fat mas.,and may wors.n ins.lin *** to body compos.tion were cons.s.ent acros. almos. all s.udies.Trans.ender men on tes.os.erone gained lean mas. and los. fat mas.,and trans.ender women on oes.rogen experienced the *** s.udy directly contradicted thes. trends.though s.veral s.all s.

关键词： Trans.ender pers.ns Ins.lin res.s.ance Body compos.tion Gender dys.horia Metabolic s.ndrome

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Green Tea Polyphenols.Mediated Apoptos.s.in Intes.inal Epithelial Cells.by a Fadd-Dependent Pathway

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2010年第3期1卷 105-113页

作者： Helieh s. Oz jeffrey L. Ebers.le Center for Oral Health Res.arch College of Dentistry University of Kentucky Medical Center Lexington KY.

Colorectal cancer is.the mos. common malignant complication in patients.with chronic inflammatory bowel dis.as. (IBD). In addition, thes. patients.are at ris. for developing painful complications.during chemotherapy due to cytotoxic effects.of drugs.currently in us.. Pas. s.udies.have s.gges.ed a protective effect of tea cons.mption on gas.rointes.inal (GI) malignancies. Green tea polyphenols.(GrTP) inhibited carcinogen-induced GI tumors.in rodents.and induced apoptos.s.in various.carcinoma cell lines. We hypothes.zed that GrTP and its.polyphenolic compounds.regulate apoptos.s.in the intes.inal epithelia. In this.s.udy, the effects.of GrTP and its.polyphenolics.on apoptos.s.was.evaluated in intes.inal epithelial, IEC-6, cells.grown to 85% confluency. GrTP (400-800 mg/ml) induced DNA fragmentation in a dos. dependent fas.ion. Higher concentrations.(> 800 mg/ml) induced a mixed apoptos.s.and cytolys.s. Epithelial cells.expos.d to GrTP and a major polyphenol, EGCG, but not EGC or EC, increas.d cas.as. activities.in a time and dos. dependent manner. The cas.as. inhibitors.res.ued cells.from GrTP and EGCG-induced cell death. Concomitantly, GrTP res.lted in activation of fatty acid s.nthas. (Fas.-as.ociated protein with death domain (FADD) and recruitment to Fas.CD95 domain 30 minutes.following treatment. While GrTP als. blocked NF-?B activation, an NF-?B inhibitor (MG132) only promoted cytolys.s. In conclus.on, thes. data demons.rated GrTP and EGCG induced apoptos.s.in intes.inal epithelia mediated by cas.as.-8 through a FADD dependent pathway. Future inves.igation may warrant preventive as.well as.therapeutic s.rategies.for GrTP in GI malignancy.

关键词： Intes.inal Epithelial Cells Green Tea Polyphenols EGCG Apoptos.s

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Bioins.ired Dry Adhes.ve Materials.and Their Application in Robotics. A Review

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2016年第2期13卷 181-199页

作者： Yas.ng Li jeffrey Krahn Carlo Menon MENRVA Res.arch Group School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada

Dry adhes.ves.ins.ired from climbing animals. s.ch as.geckos.and s.iders. rely on van der Waals.forces.to attach to the oppos.ng s.rface. Biological fibrillar dry adhes.ves.have a hierarchical s.ructure clos.ly res.mbling a tree： the s.rface of the s.in on the animal＇s.feet is.covered in arrays.of s.ender micro-fibrils. each of which s.pports.arrays.of fibrils.in s.bmicron dimens.ons. Thes. nano-meter s.ze fibrils.can conform clos.ly to the oppos.ng s.rfaces.to induce van der Waals.interaction. Bioins.ired dry adhes.ves.have been developed in res.arch laboratories.for more than a decade. To mimic the biological fibrillar adhes.ves. fibrillar s.ructures.have been prepared us.ng a variety of materials.and geometrical arrangements. In this.review article, the mechanis. and s.lected fabrication methods.of fibrillar adhes.ves.are s.mmarized for future reference in adhes.ve development. Robotic applications.of thes. bioins.ired adhes.ves.are als. introduced in this.article. Various.s.cces.ful appli- cations.of bioins.ired fibrillar adhes.ves.can s.ed light on developing s.art adhes.ves.for us. in automation.

关键词： bioins.ired gecko adhes.ve van der Waals.forces biomimetic climbing robot bioins.ired tape

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Fabrication and Tes.ing of s.lf Cleaning Dry Adhes.ves.Utilizing Hydrophobicity Gradient

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第2期12卷 270-275页

作者： Enrico Bovcro jeffrey Krahn Carlo Menon MENRVA Lab School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC Canada V5A 1S6

In this.paper we pres.nt a method to create a hydrophobicity gradient on the s.rface of a Polydimethyls.loxane （PDMs. dry adhes.ve. The method cons.s.s.of the partial s.lanization of the s.rface of the dry adhes.ve by Chemical Vapour Depos.tion （CVD） of octadecyltrichloros.lane （OTs.. The partial s.lanization of the s.rface of the s.mple res.lts.in a hydrophobic to hy- drophilic gradient acros. the s.rface of the dry adhes.ve. The res.lting change in hydrophobicity acros. the s.rface of the dry adhes.ve res.lts.in the uphill motion of a droplet of water, which appears.to be directly proportional to the area of contact between the droplet and the adhes.ve. Normal adhes.on tes.ing is.performed to quantify the effect of the hydrophobic gradient acros. the s.rface of the s.mple. While a variation in adhes.on are only minimally affected by the s.lanization, and the motion s.rength acros. the s.mple is.meas.red, the adhes.ve properties.of the droplet of water does.＇t caus. any los. of adhes.on.

关键词： dry adhes.on s.lf cleaning hydrophobic s.lanization polymers PDMs

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s.rgical Anatomy & Techniques.to the s.ine

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2006年

作者： Daniel H. Kim Alexander R. Vaccaro jeffrey s. Henn Curtis.A. Dickman

ISBN: (纸本)9781416003137

Written by three neuros.rgeons.and an orthopedic s.rgeon, this.comprehens.ve reference's.multidis.iplinary approach makes.it relevant and informative to all s.rgeons.regardles. of their s.ecialty or level of s.rgical experience. After thoroughly reviewing the anatomy and approaches.to the s.ine, the authors.lead you through a full range of s.ate-of-the-art techniques.in s.ine s.rgery, including thos. procedures.commonly performed for degenerative dis.as., trauma, s.olios.s. tumor, and infection. Abundant full-color illus.rations. three-dimens.onal images.and cadaver dis.ection photos.walk you through both s.mple and complex s.inal s.rgical procedures. The bonus.CD-ROM contains.all the images.from the book, including s.me of the mos. s.ught-after anatomic photographs.and radiographic images.in neuros.rgery, brought together for the firs. time uniquely for this.volume.

关键词： s.ines.rgery.

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Future technology-enabled care for diabetes.and hyperglycemia in the hos.ital s.tting

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第9期10卷 473-480页

作者： Alex Renato Montero jeffrey s.Dubin Paul s.ck Michelle F Magee Meds.ar Diabetes.Ins.itute WashingtonDC 20010United States Department of Medicine MedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDC 20007United States Meds.ar Was.ington Hos.ital Center WashingtonDC 20010United States Meds.ar Union Memorial Hos.ital BaltimoreMD 21218United States Meds.ar Health Res.arch Ins.itute WashingtonDC 20010United States

Patients.with diabetes.are increas.ngly common in hos.ital s.ttings.where optimal glycemic control remains.*** technology-enabled s.pport s.s.ems.are being des.gned,adapted and evaluated to meet this.*** pump us.,increas.ngly common in outpatients.has.been s.own to be s.fe among s.lect *** pump protocols.and provider training are needed to optimize pump us. in the *** glucos. monitoring(CGM)has.been s.own to be comparable to us.al care for blood glucos. s.rveillance in intens.ve care unit(ICU)s.ttings.but data on cos. effectivenes. is.*** us. in non-ICU s.ttings.remains.inves.igational and patient us. of home CGM in inpatient s.ttings.is.not recommended due to s.fety *** to uns.ructured ins.lin pres.ription,a continuum of effective electronic medical record-bas.d s.pport for ins.lin pres.ription exis.s.from pas.ive order s.ts.to clinical decis.on s.pport to fully automated electronic Glycemic Management *** efficacy and cos. among thes. s.s.ems.remains.*** array of novel platforms.are being evaluated to engage patients.in technology-enabled diabetes.education in the *** hold tremendous.promis. in affording univers.l acces. to hos.italized patients.with diabetes.to effective s.lf-management education and its.attendant s.ort/long term clinical benefits.

关键词： Diabetes Inpatients Continuous s.bcutaneous ins.lin infus.on Continuous glucos. monitoring Clinical decis.on s.pport Patient education s.lf-management

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Trends.with neoadjuvant radiotherapy and clinical s.aging for thos. with rectal malignancies

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World Journal of Gas.rointes.inal s.rgery 2017年第4期9卷 97-102页

作者： s.njay s.Reddy Beth Handorf jeffrey M Farma Elin R s.gurds.n Department of s.rgical Oncology Fox Chase Cancer Center Department of Bios.atis.ics Fox Chase Cancer Center

AIM To s.e how patterns.of care changed over time,and how ins.itution type effected thes. *** A retros.ective analys.s.was.performed us.ng the National Cancer Databas.,looking at all patients.that were diagnos.d with rectal cancer from 1998 to 2011. We tes.ed differences.in rates.of treatment and s.age migration us.ng χ~2 tes.s.and logis.ic regres.ion models. REs.LTs.A review of ninety thous.nd five hundred and ninety four s.bjects.underwent multimodality therapy for cancer of the rectum. s.aging and res.ons. to treatment varied greatly between centers. Forty-s.x percent of the time s.aging was.mis.ing in academic practices.vs.fiftyfour percent of the time in community centers.P s.a res.lt,twenty-percent were down-s.aged and eight percent up-s.aged in academia,whereas.only fifteen percent were down-s.aged and 8% up-s.aged in community practices.P s.underwent radiation before s.rgery in *** two years.this.increas.d to fifty-three percent. This.increas.d to eighty-s.x percent by 2011(P s.itution s.ecific treatment varied greatly. Fifty-one percent received therapy before s.rgery in academic centers.in 1998. Thirty-nine percent followed this.pattern in the s.me year in the community(P s.vs.eighty-four percent in the community(P s.of adoption were better in academia,although an increas. was.s.en in both center types. CONCLUs.ON From the s.udy dates.of 1998 to 2011,preoperative treatment with radiation has.been on the ris.. There is.certainly an increas.d rate of us. of radiation in academia,however,this.trend is.als. s.en in the community. Practice patterns.have evolved over time,although rates.of as.igning clinical s.age are gros.ly underreported prior to initiation of preoperative therapy.

关键词： Neoadjuvant therapy Community Rectal cancer Academic

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Trivalent Chromium Modulates.Hexos.mine Bios.nthes.s.Pathway Trans.riptional Activation of Choles.erol s.nthes.s.and Ins.lin Res.s.ance

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Dis.as.s 2013年第4期3卷 1-8页

作者： Brent A. Penque Lixuan Tackett jeffrey s. Elmendorf Departments.of Cellular and Integrative Phys.ology and Biochemis.ry and Molecular Biology Centers for Diabetes Research and Membrane Biosciences Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis USA

Trivalent chromium has.long been recognized to benefit carbohydrate and lipid metabolis.. Given emerging evidence that s.gges.s.chromium improves.ins.lin s.ns.tivity through the maintenance of an optimal level of plas.a membrane (PM) choles.erol, we delineated the role of this.micronutrient in attenuating hyperins.linemia-induced choles.erol bios.nthes.s.and ins.lin res.s.ance. Expos.ng 3T3-L1 adipocytes.to phys.ological hyperins.linemia (500 pM 12 h), res.lted in a marked impairment in ins.lin-s.imulated glucos. trans.ort. Concurrent treatment with chromium in the picolinate form (CrPic, 10 nM 16 h) prevented agains. glucos. trans.ort dys.unction. Ins.lin s.gnaling was.neither impaired by hyperins.linemia nor amplified by chromium to promote this.protective action. Ins.ead, it was.found that hyperins.linemia promoted an increas. in PM choles.erol content that was.obs.rved to impair the acute ability of ins.lin to s.imulate GLUT4 redis.ribution to the PM. Chromium prevented agains. the accumulation of PM choles.erol. Mechanis.ically, hyperins.linemia promoted increas.s.in O-GlcNAc modification of s.ecificity protein 1 (s.1), known to engage a choles.erolgenic res.ons.. s.bs.quent chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferas. as.ays.revealed that hyperins.linemia increas.d the binding affinity of s.1 to the promoter region of Hmgcr, encoding 3-hydroxy 3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductas. (HMGR), as.well as.HMGR promoter activity. This.res.lted in gains.in mRNA and protein content of HMGR, with res.lting elevations.in PM choles.erol content. Moreover, treatment with chromium prevented this.trans.riptional res.ons.. Together, thes. data s.gges. a mechanis. whereby CrPic affords.glycemic health through inhibition of a trans.riptional choles.erolgenic program detrimental to ins.lin action.

关键词： 3T3-L1 Adipocytes GLUT4 HMG-CoA Reductas. Hyperins.linemia s.1

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Hydrogen s.tfide protects.colon cancer cells.from chemopreventative agent β-phenylethyl is.thiocvanate induced apoptos.s

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2005年第26期11卷 3990-3997页

作者： Peter Ros. Philip K Moore s.en Han Ming Ong Choon Nam jeffrey s.Arms.rong Matt Whiteman Department of Biochemis.ry National Univers.ty of s.ngapore 8 Medical Drive117597Singapore Department of Pharmacology National Univers.ty of s.ngapore 18 Medical Drive117597 Singapore Department of Community Occupational and Family Medicine National University of Singapore 16 Medical Drive 117597 Singapore

AIM:Hydrogen s.lfide (H2s. is.a prominent gas.ous.cons.ituent of the gas.rointes.inal (GI) tract with known cytotoxic properties. Endogenous.concentrations.of H2s.are reported to range between 0.2-3.4 mmol/L in the GI tract of mice and humans. Cons.dering s.ch high levels.we s.eculate that, at non-toxic concentrations. H2s.may interact with chemical agents.and alter the res.ons. of colonic epithelium cells.to s.ch compounds. The GI tract is.a major s.te for the abs.rption of phytochemical cons.ituents.s.ch as.is.thiocyanates. flavonoids. and carotenoids. with each group having a role in the prevention of human dis.as.s.s.ch as.colon cancer. The chemopreventative properties.of the phytochemical agent p-phenyethyl is.thiocyanate (PEITC) are well recognized. However, little is.currently known about the phys.ological or biochemical factors.pres.nt in the GI tract that may influence the biological properties.of ITCs. The current s.udy was.undertaken to determine the effects.of H2s.on PEITC mediated apoptos.s.in colon cancer cells. METHODs. Induction of apoptos.s.by PEITC in human colon cancer HCT116 cells.was.as.es.ed us.ng clas.ic apoptotic markers.namely s.bGl population analys.s. cas.as.-3 like activity and nuclear fragmentation and condens.tion coupled with the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetras.dium bromide) viability as.ay and LDH leakage. REs.LTs. PEITC s.gnificantly induced apoptos.s.in HCT116 cells.as.as.es.ed by s.bGl population formation, nuclear condens.tion, LDH leakage and cas.as.-3 activity after 24 h, thes. data being s.gnificant from control groups.(Ps., co-treatment of cells.with phys.ological concentrations.of H2s.(0.1-1 mmol/L) prevented PEITC mediated apoptos.s.as.as.es.ed us.ng the parameters.des.ribed. CONCLUs.ON: PEITC effectively induced cell death in the human adenocarcinoma cell line HCT116 in vitro through clas.ic apoptotic mechanis.s. However, in the pres.nce of H2s. apoptos.s.was.abolis.ed. Thes. data s.gg

关键词： Apoptos.s Colon cancer Hydrogen s.lfide β-phenylethyl is.thiocyanate

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Networking

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1000年

作者： Beas.ey jeffrey s.

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