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ICC density predicts bacterial overgrowth in a rat model of post-infectious IBS

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第29期16卷 3680-3686页

作者： Sam-Ryong Jee Walter Morales Kimberly low Christopher Chang Amy Zhu Venkata Pokkunuri Soumya Chatterjee Edy Soffer jeffrey l Conklin Mark Pimentel GI Motility Program Division of GastroenterologyCedars-Sinai Medical Center

AIM:To investigate the interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC) number using a new rat ***:Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to two *** first group received gavage with Campylobacter jejuni(***) *** second group was gavaged with *** months after clearance of Campylobacter from the stool,precise segments of duodenum,jejunum,and ileum were ligated in self-contained loops of bowel that were preserved in anaerobic *** muscular plexus ICC(DMP-ICC) were quantified by two blinded readers assessing the tissue in a random,coded *** number of ICC per villus was compared among controls,Campylobacter recovered rats without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO),and Campylobacter recovered rats with ***:Three months after recovery,27% of rats gavaged with *** had *** rats with SIBO had a lower number of DMP-ICC than controls in the jejunum and *** there appeared to be a density threshold of 0.12 DMP-ICC/villus that was associated with *** ileal density of DMP-ICC was llus,54% of rats had SIBO compared to 9% among ileal sections with > 0.12(Pllus in more than one location of the bowel,88% of these had SIBO compared to 6% in those who did not(PlUSION:In this post-infectious rat model,the development of SIBO appears to be associated with a reduction in *** study of this rat model might help understand the pathophysiology of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome.

关键词： Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome Bacterial overgrowth Interstitial cells of Cajal Campylobacter

Autoantibody to MOG suggests two distinct clinical subtypes of NMOSD

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Science China(life Sciences) 2016年第12期59卷 1270-1281页

作者： Yaping Yan Yujing li Ying Fu li Yang lei Su Kaibin Shi Minshu li Qiang liu Aimee Borazanci Yaou liu Yong He jeffrey l Bennett Timothy l Vollmer Fu-Dong Shi Departments of Neurology and Immunology Tianjin Neurological Institute Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052 China Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological Institute St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center Phoenix 85013 USA State Key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Neurology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora 80045 USA

We characterized a unique group of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder （NMOSD） who carded autoantibod- ies of aquaporin-4 （AQP4） and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein （MOG）. Among the 125 NMOSD patients, 10 （8.0%） were AQP4- and MOG-ab double positive, and 14 （11.2%） were MOG-ab single positive. The double-positive patients had a multiphase disease course with a high annual relapse rate （P=0.0431）, and severe residual disability （P〈0.0001）. Of the dou- ble-positive patients, 70% had MS-like brain lesions, more severe edematous, multifocal regions on spinal magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, pronounced decreases of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and atrophy of optic nerves. In contrast, patients with only MOG-ab had a higher ratio of monophasic disease course and mild residual disability. Spinal cord MRI illustrated multifocal cord lesions with mild edema, and brain MRIs showed more lesions around lateral ventricles. NMOSD patients carrying both autoantibodies to AQP4 and MOG existed and exhibited combined features of prototypic NMO and relaps- ing-remitting form of MS, whereas NMOSD with antibodies to MOG only exhibited an ＂intermediate＂ phenotype between NMOSD and MS. Our study suggests that antibodies against MOG might be pathogenic in NMOSD patients and that determi- nation of anti-MOG antibodies maybe instructive for management of NMOSD patients.

关键词： MOG antibody AQP4 antibody neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder phenotype

Salinization:the ultimate threat to temperate lakes,with particular reference to Southeastern Wisconsin(USA)

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2015年第6期33卷 1461-1475页

作者： jeffrey A.THORNTON Thomas M.SlAWSKI Hebin lIN International Environmental Management Services ltd. Watershed Services Coordinator The Meadows Center for Water and the EnvironmentTexas State University601 University DriveSan MarcosTX 78666United States of America Graduate School of Human Development and Environment Kobe University3-11 TsurukabutoNada-kuKobeHyogo 657 8501Japan Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission W239 N1812 Rockwood DriveP.O.Box 1607WaukeshaWI 53187-1607United States of America

Many lakes in Southeastern Wisconsin(the metropolitan-Milwaukee area) are gradually becoming increasingly "salty".While these waterbodies would not be considered presently to be saline lakes,there has been a rapid increase in the chloride concentrations in most of these lakes over the last 30 years,with the lakes increasing from a mean chloride concentration of about 19 mg/l to over 100 mg/l in some *** ecological impacts can be expected when chloride values exceed 250 mg/l,the rate of increase presents a basis for concern,especially since the underlying geology of the region is based on limestone/dolomite which is deficient in ***,the origin of the chlorides is anthropogenic:human and industrial wastewaters(treatment of which has effected improvements in trophic status but has not affected other water-borne contaminants) and winter de-icing practices based upon large quantities of sodium chloride are major contributors to the increasing concentrations of chloride in the region's *** taking remedial measures,the rate of salinization is expected to continue to increase,resulting,ultimately,in the alteration of the freshwater systems in the region.

关键词： salinization temperate lakes chloride concentrations salt management

Finish line plant-insect interactions mediated by insect feeding mode and plant interference： a case study of Brassica interactions with diamondback moth and turnip aphid

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 690-702页

作者： Mahmoud Soufbaf Yaghoub Fathipour jeffrey A. Harvey Cang Hui Department of Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Terrestnal Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen the Netherlands Section Animal Ecology Department of Ecological Sciences VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Matieland South Africa Mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical Sciences Cape Town South Africa

There are gaps in our understanding of plant responses under different insect phytophagy modes and their subsequent effects on the insect herbivores＇ performance at late season. Here we compared different types of insect feeding by an aphid, lipaphis erysimi, and a lepidopteran, Plutella xylostella, and how this affected defensive metabolites in leaves of 2 Brassica species when plants gain maturity. Thiocyanate concentrations after P xylostella and l. erysimi feeding activities were the same. Total phenolics was higher after the phloem feeder feeding than the folivore activity. The plants compensatory responses （i.e., tolerance） to l. erysimi feeding was significantly higher than the responses to P xylostella. This study showed that l. erysirni had higher carbon than P xylostella whereas nitrogen in P xylostella was 1.42 times that in l. erysimi. Population size of the phloem feeder was not affected by plant species or insect coexistence. However, there was no correlation between plant defensive metabolites and both insects＇ population size and biomass. This suggests that plant root biomass and tolerance index after different insect herbivory modes are not necessarily unidirectional. Importantly, the interaction between the folivore and the phloem feeder insects is asymmetric and the phloem feeder might be a trickier problem for plants than the folivore. Moreover, as both plants＇ common and special defenses decreased under interspecific interference, we suggest that specialist insect herbivores can be more challenged in ecosystems in which plants are not involved in interspecific interference.

关键词： glucosinolates herbivory mode plant resistance stoichiometric analysis tolerance

Recovery rates of combination antibiotic therapy using in vitro microdialysis simulating in vivo conditions

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 407-412页

作者： Jayesh A.Dhanani Suzanne l.Parker jeffrey lipman Steven C.Wallis Jeremy Cohen John Fraser Adrian Barnett Michelle Chew Jason A.Roberts Burns Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre The University of Queensland UQ Centre for Clinical Research Department of Intensive Care Medicine Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology Critical Care Research Group The University of Queensland Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation & School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and Department of Medical and Health Sciences Link?ping University School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland Department of Pharmacy Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital

Microdialysis is a technique used to measure the unbound antibiotic concentration in the interstitial spaces, the target site of action. In vitro recovery studies are essential to calibrating the microdialysis system for in vivo studies. The effect of a combination of antibiotics on recovery into microdialysate requires investigation. In vitro microdialysis recovery studies were conducted on a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin, in a simulated in vivo model. Comparison was made between recoveries for three different concentrations and three different perfusate flow rates. The overall relative recovery for vancomycin was lower than that of tobramycin. For tobramycin, a concentration of 20μg/ml and flow rate of 1.0μl/min had the best recovery. A concentration of 5.0μg/ml and flow rate of 1.0μl/min yielded maximal recovery for vancomycin. large molecular size and higher protein binding resulted in lower relative recoveries for vancomycin. Perfusate flow rates and drug concentrations affected the relative recovery when a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin was tested. low perfusate flow rates were associated with higher recovery rates. For combination antibiotic measurement which includes agents that are highly protein bound, in vitro studies performed prior to in vivo studies may ensure the reliable measurement of unbound concentrations.

关键词： Microdialysis Combination antibiotic therapy Relative recovery rate Pharmacokinetics Anti-infectives Protein binding

Systems analysis and design methods / 5th ed.

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Yin and Yang of mesenchymal stem cells and aplastic anemia

2000年

作者： Whitten jeffrey l.

ISBN: (纸本)0072315393

From the Publisher: This edition continues to react to changes and expected changes in the information technology domain including Year 2000 (Y2K) compatibility,client/server computing,the Internet,intranets,and extranets. Finally,there are exciting systems analysis and design challenges with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) applications (such as SAP),systems integration,and business process redesign. Today's students want to "practice" the application of concepts,not just study them. As with the previous editions of this book,the authors wrote it to: 1) Balance the coverage of concepts,tools,techniques,and their applications 2) Provide the most examples of system analysis and design deliverables available in any book 3) Balance the coverage of classical methods (such as structured analysis and information engineering) and emerging methods (e. g.,object-oriented analysis and rapid application development). Additionally,the textbook can serve the reader as a post-course,professional refer-ence for best current practices.

关键词： System analysis.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2017年第12期9卷 219-226页

作者： larisa Broglie David Margolis jeffrey A Medin Department of Pediatrics Medical College of Wisconsin Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry Medical College of Wisconsin

Acquired aplastic anemia(AA) is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by peripheral cytopenias and bone marrow hypoplasia. It is ultimately fatal without treatment, most commonly from infection or hemorrhage. Current treatments focus on suppressing immune-mediated destruction of bone marrow stem cells or replacing hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) by transplantation. Our incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of AA has limited development of targeted treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) play a vital role in HSC proliferation; they also modulate immune responses and maintain an environment supportive of hematopoiesis. Some of the observed clinical manifestations of AA can be explained by mesenchymal dysfunction. MSC infusions have been shown to be safe and may offer new approaches for the treatment of this disorder. Indeed, infusions of MSCs may help suppress auto-reactive, T-cell mediated HSC destruction and help restore an environment that supports hematopoiesis. Small pilot studies using MSCs as monotherapy or as adjuncts to HSC transplantation have been attempted as treatments for AA. Here we review the current understanding of the pathogenesis of AA and the function of MSCs, and suggest that MSCs should be a target for further research and clinical trials in this disorder.

关键词： Hematopoiesis Targeted therapies Stem cells Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Aplastic anemia Mesenchymal stem cells

Stability of Finite Difference Discretizations of Multi-Physics Interface Conditions

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第2期13卷 386-410页

作者： Björn Sjögreen jeffrey W.Banks Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94551USA

We considermulti-physics computationswhere theNavier-Stokes equations of compressible fluid flow on some parts of the computational domain are coupled to the equations of elasticity on other parts of the computational *** different subdomains are separated by well-defined *** consider time accurate computations resolving all time *** such computations,explicit time stepping is very *** address the issue of discrete interface conditions between the two domains of different physics that do not lead to instability,or to a significant reduction of the stable time step *** such interface conditions is *** discretize the problem with high order centered difference approximations with summation by parts boundary *** derive l2 stable interface conditions for the linearized one dimensional discretized ***,we generalize the interface conditions to the full non-linear equations and numerically demonstrate their stable and accurate performance on a simple model *** energy stable interface conditions derived here through symmetrization of the equations contain the interface conditions derived through normal mode analysis by Banks and Sj¨ogreen in[8]as a special case.

关键词： Fluid-structure interaction finite difference method summation by parts multiphysics interface condition

Targeting multiple signaling pathways:the new approach to acute myeloid leukemia therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第1期6卷 41-69页

作者： Jenna lCarter Katie Hege Jay Yang Hasini AKalpage Yongwei Su Holly Edwards Maik Hüttemann jeffrey WTaub Yubin Ge Cancer Biology Graduate Program Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA MD/PhD Program Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Department of Oncology Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Molecular Therapeutics Program Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA National Engineering laboratory for AIDS Vaccine Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and EngineeringThe Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunChina Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Children’s Hospital of MichiganDetroitMIUSA Department of Pediatrics Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA

Acute myeloid leukemia(AMl)is the most common form of acute leukemia in adults and the second most common form of acute leukemia in *** this,very little improvement in survival rates has been achieved over the past few *** is partially due to the heterogeneity of AMl and the need for more targeted therapeutics than the traditional cytotoxic chemotherapies that have been a mainstay in therapy for the past 50 *** the past 20 years,research has been diversifying the approach to treating AMl by investigating molecular pathways uniquely relevant to AMl cell proliferation and *** we review the development of novel therapeutics in targeting apoptosis,receptor tyrosine kinase(RTK)signaling,hedgehog(HH)pathway,mitochondrial function,DNA repair,and c-Myc *** has been an impressive effort into better understanding the diversity of AMl cell characteristics and here we highlight important preclinical studies that have supported therapeutic development and continue to promote new ways to target AMl *** addition,we describe clinical investigations that have led to FDA approval of new targeted AMl therapies and ongoing clinical trials of novel therapies targeting AMl survival *** also describe the complexity of targeting leukemia stem cells(lSCs)as an approach to addressing relapse and remission in AMl and targetable pathways that are unique to lSC *** comprehensive review details what we currently understand about the signaling pathways that support AMl cell survival and the exceptional ways in which we disrupt them.

关键词： myeloid approach approval