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Paths to low-cost hydrogen energy at a scale for transportation applications in the USA and China via liquid-hydrogen distribution networks

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Clean Energy 2020年第1期4卷 26-47页

作者： Xianming Jimmy Li jeffrey d.Allen Jerad A.Stager Anthony Y.Ku NICE America Research 2091 Stierlin CtMountain ViewCA 94043USA National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy PO Box 001Future Science&Technology CityChangping DistrictBeijing 102209P.R.China

The cost of delivered H2 using the liquid-distribution pathway will approach$4.3-8.0/kg in the USA and 26-52 RMB/kg in China by around 2030,assuming large-scale ***,hydrogen as an industrial gas and a chemical feedstock has enjoyed a long and successful ***,it has been slow to take off as an energy carrier for transportation,despite its benefits in energy diversity,security and environmental stewardship.A key reason for this lack of progress is that the cost is currently too high to displace petroleum-based *** paper reviews the prospects for hydrogen as an energy carrier for transportation,clarifies the current drivers for cost in the USA and China,and shows the potential for a liquid-hydrogen supply chain to reduce the costs of delivered *** and economic trade-offs between individual steps in the supply chain(***,transportation,refuelling)are examined and used to show that liquid-H2(LH2)distribution approaches offer a path to reducing the delivery cost of H2 to the point at which it could be competitive with gasoline and diesel fuel.

关键词： fuel hydrogen liquid transportation infrastructure refuelling hydrogen-distribution pathway

Lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty:A review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第4期12卷 197-206页

作者： Scott d Buzin jeffrey A Geller Richard S Yoon William Macaulay department of Orthopaedics Jersey City Medical CenterJersey CityNJ 07302United States New York Presbyterian Columbia UniversityMedical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States department of Orthopaedic Surgery Jersey City Medical Center-RWJBarnabas HealthJersey CityNJ 07302United States department of Orthopaedic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016United States

Isolated lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee is a rare condition affecting approximately 1%of the population,which is ten times less common than osteoarthritis affecting only the medial *** knee arthroplasty(UKA)has many potential advantages over total knee *** benefits of UKA include a smaller incision,preservation of more native tissue(including cruciate ligaments and bone),decreased blood loss,and better overall *** UKA was first introduced in the 1970s,the outcomes of medial UKA(MUKA)were poor,but the few cases of lateral UKA(LUKA)showed *** that time,there has been a relative paucity of literature focused specifically on LUKA given it is a rare *** in patient selection criteria,implant design,and surgical technique have been made leading to increased popularity.A review of the recent literature reveals that LUKA is associated with excellent long-term clinical outcomes and implant survivorship when performed in properly selected *** design options include fixed vs mobile bearing as well as metal backed vs all polyethylene tibial component,with improved outcomes noted with fixed bearing *** reasons cited for revision(i.e.,fracture of the femoral component,fracture of the tibial component,and valgus malalignment)had been reported in past literature but not ***,while rare,the most common cause of failure and need for revision are osteoarthritis progression and aseptic *** the need for an occasional revision procedure,the survivorship of LUKA is comparable to MUKA,although it should be noted that outcomes of MUKA have been notably *** pursuit of improved techniques and implant designs will continue to show LUKA to be an excellent procedure for appropriately indicated patients.

关键词： Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Lateral Review Outcomes

INVARIANCE ANd STABILITY OF THE PROFILE EQUATIONS OF GEOMETRIC OPTICS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2011年第6期31卷 2141-2158页

作者： Guy Mtivier jeffrey Rauch Institut de Mathmatiques de Bordeaux Universit de Bordeaux department of Mathematics University of Michigan

The profile equations of geometric optics are described in a form invariant under the natural transformations of first order systems of partial differential equations. This allows us to prove that various strategies for computing profile equations are equivalent. We prove that if L generates an evolution on L2 the same is true of the profile equations. We prove that the characteristic polynomial of the profile equations is the localization of the characteristic polynomial of the background operator at （y, dφ（y）） where φ is the background phase. We prove that the propagation cones of the profile equations are subsets of the propagation cones of the background operator.

关键词： geometric optics profile equation localisation vector bundles propagation cones

Limitations of RNAi of e6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits for assessing the in vivo sensitivity to spinosad

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Insect Science 2013年第1期20卷 101-108页

作者： Frank d. Rinkevich jeffrey G. Scott department of Entomology Comstock Hall Cornell University Ithaca New York USA

Spinosad is a widely used insecticide that exerts its toxic effect primarily through interactions with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. The a6 nicotinic acetyl- choline receptor subunit is involved in spinosad toxicity as demonstrated by the high levels of resistance observed in strains lacking a6. RNAi was performed against the da6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit in drosophila melanogaster using the Gal4-UAS system to examine if RNAi would yield results similar to those of a6 null mutants. These da6-deficient flies were subject to spinosad contact bioassays to evaluate the role of the da6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit on spinosad sensitivity. The expression of da6 was reduced 60%-75% as verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. However, there was no change in spinosad sensitivity in d. melanogaster. We repeated RNAi experiments in Tribolium castaneum using injection of dsRNA for Tcasct6. RNAi of Tcasa6 did not result in changes in spinosad sensitivity, similar to results obtained with d. melanogaster. The lack of change in spinosad sensitivity in both d. melanogaster and T. castaneum using two routes of dsRNA administration shows that RNAi may not provide adequate conditions to study the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits on insecticide sensitivity due to the inability to completely eliminate expression of the a6 subunit in both species. Potential causes for the lack of change in spinosad sensitivity are discussed.

关键词： bioassay insecticide target site nicotinic acetylcholine receptor RNAi,spinosad

Quantifying relations between altered hydrology and fish community responses for streams in Minnesota

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 536-560页

作者： jeffrey R.Ziegeweid Gregory d.Johnson Aliesha L.Krall Kara Fitzpatrick Sara B.Levin U.S.Geological Survey California Water Science Center6000 J StPlacer HallSacramentoCA 85819USA U.S.Geological Survey Upper Midwest Water Science Center2280 Woodale DrMounds ViewMN 55112USA Minnesota Pollution Control Agency 520 Lafayette RdSt.PaulMN 55155USA Minnesota Pollution Control Agency 7678 College RoadSuite 105BaxterMN 56425USA

Background:Altered hydrology is a stressor on aquatic life,but quantitative relations between specific aspects of streamflow alteration and biological responses have not been developed on a statewide scale in *** sub-sets regression analysis was used to develop linear regression models that quantify relations among five categories of hydrologic metrics(i.e.,duration,frequency,magnitude,rate-of-change,and timing)computed from streamgage records and six categories of biological metrics(i.e.,composition,habitat,life history,reproductive,tolerance,trophic)computed from fish-community samples,as well as fish-based indices of biotic integrity(FIBI)scores and FIBI scores normalized to an impairment threshold of the corresponding stream class(FIBI_BCG4).Relations between hydrology and fish community responses were examined using three hydrologic datasets that represented periods of record,long-term changes,and short-term changes to flow regimes in streams of ***:Regression models demonstrated significant relations between hydrologic explanatory metrics and fish-based biological response metrics,and the five regression models with the strongest linear relations explained over 70%of the variability in the biological metric using three hydrologic metrics as explanatory ***-based biological metrics demonstrated the strongest linear relations to hydrologic *** most commonly used hydrologic metrics were related to bankfull flows and aspects of flow ***:Final regression models represent paired streamgage records and biological samples throughout the State of Minnesota and encompass differences in stream orders,hydrologic landscape units,and watershed *** methods can support evaluations of stream fish communities and facilitate targeted efforts to improve the health of fish *** also can be applied to locations outside of Minnesota with continuous streamgage data and fish-community sampl

关键词： EflowStats Best subset regression Altered hydrology Fish community Indices of biotic integrity Ecological flows

Effects of inorganic or organic selenium on immunoglobulins in swine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 236-244页

作者： Ashley Gelderman jeffrey Clapper department of Animal Science South Dakota State University

A study was conducted to determine if Se source fed during gestation and lactation affects passive transfer of immunoglobulins. Sixty days prior to breeding （d -60）, gilts were randomly assigned to one of three treatments prior to breeding and throughout gestation： control （Control, no supplemental Se; n = 8）, inorganic Se （Inorganic Se, 0.3 ppm; n = 4） and organic Se （Organic Se, 0.3 ppm; n = 4）. Blood was collected on d -60, 57 and 113 of gestation and on d 21 of lactation and milk was collected at d 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21 of lactation. Blood was collected from piglets at d 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21 of age. Gilts fed organic Se had greater （P 〈 0.05） circulating concentrations of Se than Inorganic and Control gilts. Regardless of treatment, circulating concentrations of Se were greatest （P 〈 0.05） at d -60 compared to all other days. Serum concentrations of IgG were greatest （P 〈 0.05） in gilts at d 57 of gestation compared to d 113. Serum concentrations of IgA were greatest （P 〈 0.05） on d 113 of gestation and d 21 of lactation compared to d -60 and 57. Serum concentrations of IgM were greater （P 〈 0.05） at d 57 compared to d -60. Inorganic gilts had greater （P 〈 0.05） colostral and milk concentrations of IgG and IgM than Organic or Control gilts. Circulating concentrations of Se in piglets were greatest （P 〈 0.05） at d 14 and 21 of age compared to all other days. Piglets from gilts supplemented with organic Se had greater （P 〈 0.05） circulating concentrations of Se on d 1 versus piglets from gilts supplemented with no additional Se. The immunoglobulin concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM were lowest （P 〈 0.05） on d 0 and then different sources of Se did not affect the immunoglobulin ncreased when compared to d 1. The addition of concentrations in the gilt or piglet.

关键词： Immunoglobulin Pig Selenium

Occupancy of avian foraging guilds in soybean fields and borders in Entre Ríos, Argentina: responses to vegetation structure and prey resources

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 398-411页

作者： Andrea P.Goijman Michael J.Conroy Vanina d.Varni jeffrey J.Thompson María Elena Zaccagnini Instituto de Recursos Biológicos CIRNInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(CNIA-INTA)HurlinghamBuenos AiresArgentina d.B.Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Present Address:Athens GAUSA Present Address:Laboratorio de Genómica Ecológica y Evolutiva IrapuatoGtoMéxico Present Address:Guyra Paraguay-CONACYT Av.Cnel.Carlos BóvedaParque Ecológico Capital-Viñas CuéAsunciónParaguay Present Address:Instituto Saite AsunciónParaguay Present Address:The Ronin Institute MontclairNJUSA Present Address:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(INTA) CABAArgentina

Background:Reconciling agriculture and biodiversity conservation is a challenge given the growing demand for agricultural *** recent decades,Argentina has witnessed agricultural expansion and intensification affecting biodiversity and associated ecosystem *** agroecosystems,the level of habitat quality is critical for birds,and may depend on vegetation structure,availability of invertebrate prey,and the use of *** the relationship between vegetation structure and avian occurrence has been widely studied,to our knowledge,there are no studies that also incorporate prey availability throughout the cycle of soybean crops in *** estimated and predicted the effects of land cover and temporal variation on the occurrence of avian foraging guilds in Entre Ríos,Argentina,in order to guide management related to potential ecosystem services provided by *** also estimated temporal effects of vegetation structure and insecticides on the main arthropod orders consumed by birds to evaluate prey ***:We conducted bird and arthropod surveys for 2 years along transects located in 20 randomly selected soybean fields(N=60)and their adjacent borders(N=78)throughout the crop growing season,in four *** estimated avian occupancy,accounting for imperfect detection,and arthropod counts fitting generalized linear mixed ***:The number of native trees in field borders positively influenced the occurrence of most bird species,mainly *** foliage gleaners,also were positively affected by grass *** and aerial foragers were weakly affected by distance to forest and native *** general,the availability of invertebrates to birds was highest during the third *** counts in borders were greater during the last three crop stages than during the pre-sowing ***:We found that with 10 to 15 native tree species in borders,coupled with a complex vegetation structure w

关键词： Agriculture Birds Ecosystem services Insecticide Insectivores Invertebrates Management Native trees Occurrence

Beyond dichotomies in species and speciation

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 15-17页

作者： jeffrey L.Feder Patrik Nosil department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive University MontpellierCNRS EPHE IRD

Speciation is not as mysterious as d arwin once described it [1].Nevertheless,important questions *** discussed by Wu[2] and highlighted in a series of papers in National Science Review (NSR),these issues equate with imposing dichotomous perspectives on speciation,when the nature of species and the processes creating them can complicate discrete categorization.

关键词： dIVERGENCE EVOLUTION AdAPTATION INVERSIONS CONTINUUM RACE

Graph theory approach to determine configurations of multidentate and high coverage adsorbates for heterogeneous catalysis

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 998-1003页

作者： Siddharth deshpande Tristan Maxson jeffrey Greeley davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University480 W Stadium Mall DriveWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Heterogeneous catalysts constitute a crucial component of many industrial processes,and to gain an understanding of the atomicscale features of such catalysts,ab initio density functional theory is widely ***,growing computational power has permitted the extension of such studies to complex reaction networks involving either high adsorbate coverages or multidentate adsorbates,which bind to the surface through multiple *** all possible adsorbate configurations for such systems,however,is often not possible based on chemical intuition *** systematically treat such complexities,we present a generalized Python-based graph theory approach to convert atomic scale models into undirected graph *** representations,when combined with workflows such as evolutionary algorithms,can systematically generate high coverage adsorbate models and classify unique minimum energy multidentate adsorbate configurations for surfaces of low symmetry,including multi-elemental alloy surfaces,steps,and kinks.

关键词： configuration theory catalysis