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Friction stir based welding and processing technologies-processes,parameters,microstructures and applications:A review

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 1-38页

作者： G.K.Padhy c.s.wu s.Gao MOE Key Lab for Liquid-solid structure Evolution and Materials Processing Institute of Materials Joining Shandong University

Friction stir welding [FsW） has achieved remarkable success in the joining and processing of aluminium alloys and other softer structural alloys. conventional FsW, however, has not been entirely successful in the joining, processing and manufacturing of different desired materials essential to meet the sophis- ticated green globe requirements. Through the efforts of improving the process and transferring the existing friction stir knowledge base to other advanced applications, several friction stir based daughter technologies have emerged over the timeline, A few among these technologies are well developed while others are under the process of emergence. Beginning with a broad classification of the scattered fric- tions stir based technologies into two categories, welding and processing, it appears now time to know, compile and review these to enable their rapid access for reference and academia. In this review article, the friction stir based technologies classified under the categol^J of welding are those applied for join- ing of materials while the remnant are labeled as friction stir processing （FsP） technologies. This review article presents an overview of four general aspects of both the developed and the developing friction stir based technologies, their associated process parameters, metallurgical features of their products and their feasibility and application to various materials. The lesser known and emerging technologies have been emphasized.

关键词： Friction stir welding Friction stir processing Friction stir scribe Friction stir riveting Friction stir channeling Friction stir forming Friction stir surfacing Friction stir additive manufacturing Friction stir cladding

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Double-side Friction stir Welds Between Medium-Thick 6061-T6 Aluminum and Pure copper Plates

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2022年第12期35卷 2027-2046页

作者： J.X.Tang L.shi c.s.wu M.X.wu s.Gao MOE Key Lab for Liquid-solid structure Evolution and Materials Processing Institute of Materials JoiningShandong UniversityJinan 250061China state Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute Zhengzhou 450052China school of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353China

It is difficult to achieve Al/cu dissimilar welds with good mechanical properties for medium-thick plates due to the inherent high heat generation rate at the shoulder-workpiece contact interface in conventional friction stir ***,doubleside friction stir welding is innovatively applied to join 12-mm medium-thick 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and pure copper dissimilar plates,and the effect of welding speeds on the joint microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/cu welds is systematically *** reveals that a sound Al/cu joint without macroscopic defects can be achieved when the welding speed is lower than 180 mm/min,while a nonuniform relatively thick intermetallic compound(IMc)layer is formed at the Al/cu interface,resulting in lots of local microcracks within the first-pass weld under the plunging force of the tool during friction stir welding of the second-pass,and seriously deteriorates the mechanical properties of the *** the increase of welding speed to more than 300 mm/min void defects appear in the joint,but the joint properties are still better than the welds performed at low welding speed conditions since a continuous uniform thin IMcs layer is formed at the Al/cu *** maximum tensile strength and elongation of Al/cu weld are,respectively,135.11 MPa and 6.06%,which is achieved at the welding speed of 400 mm/*** addition,due to the influence of welding distortion of the first-pass weld,the secondpass weld is more prone to form void defects than the first-pass weld when the same plunge depth is applied on both *** double-side friction stir welding is proved to be a good method for dissimilar welding of medium-thick Al/cu plates.

关键词： Double-side friction stir welding Medium-thick plate Dissimilar welding Microstructures Intermetallic compounds Mechanical properties

ELEcTROcHEMIcAL NOIsE ANALYsIs OF THE INFLUENcE OF THE Zn^(2+)IONs cONcENTRATION ON ZINc ELEcTROPLATING

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2005年第2期18卷 137-144页

作者： Z.Zhang c.s.wu Q.Y.cai F.H.cao J.Q.Zhang Departmentofchemistry ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027China Departmentofchemistry ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027China／／StateKeyLaboratoryforCorrosionandProtectionInstituteofMetalResearchTheChineseAcademyofSciencesShenyang110016China

The influence of the concentration of Zn2+ ions on zinc electroplating process was investigated by means of electrochemical noise (EN) and cyclic voltammetry methods in conjunction with the scanning electron microscopy (sEM) technique. It was found that the EN generated during the electroplating of dentritic or large polymeric zinc deposit has large potential oscillation amplitude and positive potential drift while the compact zinc deposit possesses small noise amplitude and little potential drift. With the change of rate determining step from diffusion-control through mixed-control to activation-control, the maximum relative energy obtained from wavelet analysis defined from the region with larger scales to those with smaller scales, and the EDP (relative energy distribution plot) can be us, as 'fingerprints' of EN to characterize the electroplating process and the deposit structure. The results also showed that electrochemical noise technique can give more information about the electrodeposit structure than other normal electrochemical measurements, such as linear potential sweep method and cyclic voltammetry technique.

关键词： zinc electroplating zinc ions concentration electrochemical noise electrodeposit structure

INFLUENcE OF sO_4^(2-) AND cl-ON THE cORROsION BEHAVIOR OF cOPPER TUBE IN AIR-cONDITIONING sYsTEM

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2004年第1期17卷 92-96页

作者： c.s.wu Z.Zhang F.H.cao J.Q.Zhang J.M.Wang c.N.cao Department of chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of Chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of Chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of Chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of Metals Shenyang 110016 ChinaDepartment of ChemistryYuquan Campus Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of ChemistryYuquan Campus Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of MetalsShenyang 110016 China

The influence of chloride or sulphur dioxide on the corrosion behavior of copper tube in the air-conditioning system was studied using scanning electron microscope (sEM), energy dispersion spectrometer (EDs) and cyclic polarization techniques. The results showed that the corrosion of copper tube are mainly caused by the sO42- and cl- ions in the circulating water, and the former is mainly responsible for the general corrosion of the copper tube whilst the latter for the pitting corrosion. The different influences of sG42- and cl- ions on the corrosion type of copper tube may be attributed to that the radius of sO42- ion is much larger than that of cl- ion. Meanwhile the results also indicated that sO42- inhibits the pitting corrosion caused by cl- and cl- inhibits the general corrosion initiated by sO42- due to their competitive adsorption on the copper matrix.

关键词： copper corrosion behavior influence sO42- ion cl- ion

sTUDY THE INFLUENcE OF H_(3)BO_(3)ON THE ZINc ELEcTROPLATING UsING ELEcTROcHEMIcAL NOIsE TEcHNIQUE

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2004年第5期17卷 661-666页

作者： Z.Zhang c.s.wu Q.Y.cai Y.L.cheng F.H.cao J.Q.Zhang c.N.cao Departmentofchemistry ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027China stateKeyLaboratoryforcorrosionandProtection InstituteofMetalResearchTheChineseAcademyofSciencesShenyang110016China

The influence of H3BO3 on the zinc electroplating was studied using electrochemical noise technique, cyclic voltammetry and steady-state polarization method. The results showed that, under the experimental conditions, the deposition of zinc followed the mechanism of two-dimensional nucleation and subsequent grain growth. The addition of H3BO3 into the electroplating solution prominently changes the nucleation and growth kinetics of zinc deposits, which is directly related to the features of electrocrystallization noise and the corresponding structure of the electrodeposits. The results also shown that the electrochemical noise (EN) technique can give more information about the electrodeposits structure and electroplating mechanism than other normal electrochemical measurements can give, such as steady-state polarization method and cyclic voltammetry technique.

关键词： zinc electroplating electrochemical noise electrocrystallization

“Zero‑strain” NiNb_(2)O_(6) Fibers for All‑climate Lithium storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 348-360页

作者： Yan Zhao Qiang Yuan Liting Yang Guisheng Liang Yifeng cheng Limin wu chunfu Lin Renchao che college of Physics Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China school of Materials science and Engineering Institute of Materials for Energy and EnvironmentQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100People’s Republic of China Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021People’s Republic of China

Niobates are promising all-climate Li^(+)-storage anode material due to their fast charge transport,large specific capacities,and resistance to electrolyte ***,their moderate unit-cellvolume expansion(generally 5%–10%)during Li^(+)storage causes unsatisfactory long-term ***,“zero-strain”NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are explored as a new anode material with comprehensively good electrochemical *** Li^(+)storage,the expansion of electrochemical inactive NiO_(6) octahedra almost fully offsets the shrinkage of active NbO_(6) octahedra through reversible O *** superior volume-accommodation capability of the NiO_(6) layers guarantees the“zero-strain”behavior of NiNb_(2)O_(6) in a broad temperature range(0.53%//0.51%//0.74%at 25//−10//60℃),leading to the excellent cyclability of the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers(92.8%//99.2%//91.1%capacity retention after 1000//2000//1000 cycles at 10c and 25//−10//60℃).This NiNb_(2)O_(6) material further exhibits a large reversible capacity(300//184//318 mAh g−1 at 0.1c and 25//−10//60℃)and outstanding rate performance(10 to 0.5c capacity percentage of 64.3%//50.0%//65.4%at 25//−10//60℃).Therefore,the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are especially suitable for large-capacity,fast-charging,long-life,and all-climate lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： NiNb_(2)O_(6)porous fiber “Zero-strain”mechanism Electrochemical property Harsh-temperature operation Operando characterization

Highly mass activity electrocatalysts with ultralow Pt loading on carbon black for hydrogen evolution reaction

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 182-190页

作者： shaorou Ke Yajing Zhao Xin Min Yanghong Li Ruiyu Mi Yangai Liu Xiaowen wu Minghao Fang Zhaohui Huang Engineering Research center of Ministry of Education for Geological carbon storage and Low carbon Utilization of Resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid WastersNational Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Pt-based nanocatalysts offer excellent prospects for various ***,the low loading of Pt with excellent performance for efficient and stable nanocatalysts still presents a considerable *** this study,nanocatalysts with ultralow Pt content,excellent performance,and carbon black as support were prepared through in-situ ***~2-nm particles uniformly and stably dispersed on carbon black because of the strong s-p-d orbital hybridizations between carbon black and Pt,which suppressed the agglomeration of Pt *** unique structure is beneficial for the hydrogen evolution *** catalysts exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction,exhibiting a potential of 100 mV at 100 mA·cm^(-2),which is comparable to those of commercial Pt/c *** activity(1.61 A/mg)was four times that of a commercial Pt/c catalyst(0.37 A/mg).The ultralow Pt loading(6.84wt%)paves the way for the development of next-generation electrocatalysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction ultralow platinum in-situ synthesis ultrasound

Unusual F_(3)stacking fault in magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第7期11卷 2404-2428页

作者： Y.Yue s.L.Yang c.c.wu J.F.Nie Department of Materials science and Engineering Monash UniversityVictoria 3800Australia

An unusual F_(3)basal stacking fault resulting from twin-dislocation interaction in magnesium is observed in molecular dynamics *** F_(3)fault is produced in the twin lattice from the interaction between a migrating(1012)twin boundary and a partial dislocation of either a prismaticc>edge,or a prismaticc+a>mixed dislocation in the *** condition is that the partial dislocation needs to have a negative sign and lie on a plane intersecting a compression site of the twin *** F_(3)fault can also be generated when a positive basalmixed dislocation in the twin lattice,with slip plane intersecting a compression site of the twin boundary,interacts with a basal-prismatic twinning *** F_(3)fault comprises two I_(1) faults that have the same character but are separated by two basal *** has one end connected to the twin boundary,and the other end bounded by a lattice defect with a Burgers vector identical to that of a 30°shockley partial *** formation frequency of the F_(3)fault is higher at a lower shear stress(below∼400 MPa)and/or a lower temperature(100 K and 200 K).The F_(3)fault can decompose into a glissile 30°shockley and a T_(2) fault at a temperature above∼400 *** relationships between the F_(3)fault and other types of basal stacking faults such as I_(2),T_(2) or paired I_(1) faults that are separated by multiple basal layers are discussed.

关键词： Magnesium Basal stacking fault F3 fault Twin-dislocation interactions

Transmission Electron Microscopy study of the Infrared Brazed High-strength Titanium Alloy

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2010年第4期26卷 311-316页

作者： Z.Y. wu R.K. shiue c.s. chang Department of Materials science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan China Engineered Materials solutions 39 Perry Avenue MS 4-1 Attleboro MA 02703-2410 USA

The transmission electron microscopy was employed to investigate the microstructure of infrared brazed highstrength Ti alloy using the Ti-15cu-15Ni filler metal. coarse primary Ti2Ni and transformed β-Ti are observed in the 300 s brazed specimen. Blocky Ti2Ni and eutectoid Ti2cu intermetallics are disappeared from the joint with increasing the brazing time to 1800 s. Both acicular α-Ti and retained β-Ti dominate the entire brazed joint.

关键词： Infrared Brazing Ti Ti-cu-Ni filler Microstructure