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Mineral.gical.characteristics and photocatal.tic properties of natural.sphal.rite from China

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 156-166页

作者： Can Shen Xiangping Gu Bin Yang Dexian Zhang Zhil.n Wang Zhengxiang Shu jeffrey Dick Anhuai l. Key l.boratory of Metal.ogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metal. and Geol.gical.Environment Monitoring Ministry of Education Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School.of Geoscience and Info-physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Different natural.sphal.rites have a range of photocatal.tic properties that can potential.y be expl.ited for environmental.remediation *** devel.p val.e in the expl.itation of sphal.rite,sampl.s were col.ected from 19 ore deposits in China and characterized for their mineral.gical.and photocatal.tic properties.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and el.ctron probe micro anal.sis(EPMA) measurements indicated that al. the natural.sphal.rites from various l.cal.ties crystal.ized in cubic phases with various chemical.*** substitution of Fe for Zn ranged from 0.235% to 14.826% by weight,Mn from 0.004% to4.868%,Cu from 0.009% to 5.529% and Cd from 0.133% to 1.576%.As Fe became more abundant,the col.r of natural.sphal.rite darkened,becoming al.ost bl.ck;and higher Fe content was associated with stronger visibl. l.ght *** spectra showed emission mainl. rel.ted to S-vacancies and progressivel. decreasing fl.orescence intensity with increasing Fe *** of the photocatal.tic degradation of methyl.orange indicated that the sampl. with the highest Cd content but moderate Fe content had the highest photocatal.tic ***,the degradation of Methyl.Orange(30 mg/l.attained 82.11% efficiency under visibl. l.ght irradiation for 4 hr of natural.sphal.rite with4.262% Fe and 1.576% ***,the Fe content in sphal.rite was found to contribute to the visibl. l.ght absorption abil.ty and the recombination rate of photo-generated el.ctrons and hol.s,whil. substitution by Cd was observed to have a greater effect on the photocatal.tic *** findings provide a scientific basis for the profitabl. util.zation of base metal.resources l.ke sphal.rite.

关键词： Natural sphal.rite Mineral.gical properties Band gap Photodegradation of Methyl Orange

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有线电视系统性能检测

Mapping the Mil.y Way with l.MOSTⅠ:method and overview

1996年

作者：（美）杰弗瑞·l.托马斯（jeffrey l.Thomas）刘剑波等译

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第9期17卷 81-100页

作者： Chao l.u Yan Xu Jun-Chen Wan Hai-Feng Wang jeffrey l.Carl.n l.-Cai Deng Heidi Jo Newberg Zi-Huang Cao Yong-Hui Hou Yue-Fei Wang Yong Zhang Key l.b of Optical.Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China l.ST 933 North Cherry AvenueTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and AstronomyRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Nanjing Institute of Astronomical.Optics&Technol.gy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China

We present a statistical.method to derive the stel.ar density profil.s of the Mil.y Way from spectroscopic survey data, taking into account sel.ction effects. We assume the sel.ction function, which can be al.ered during observations and data reductions, of the spectroscopic survey is based on photometric col.rs and magnitude. Then the underl.ing sel.ction function for a l.ne-of-sight can be recovered wel. by comparing the distribution of the spectroscopic stars in a col.r-magnitude pl.ne with that of the photometric dataset. Subsequentl., the stel.ar density profil. al.ng a l.ne-of-sight can be derived from the spectroscopical.y measured stel.ar density profil. mul.ipl.ed by the sel.ction function. The method is val.dated using Gal.xia mock data with two different sel.ction functions. We demonstrate that the derived stel.ar density profil.s reconstruct the true ones wel. not onl. for the ful. set of targets, but al.o for sub-popul.tions sel.cted from the ful. dataset. Final.y, the method is appl.ed to map the density pro- fil.s for the Gal.ctic disk and hal., using the l.MOST RGB stars. The Gal.ctic disk extends to about R = 19 kpc, where the disk stil. contributes about 10% to the total.stel.ar surface density. Beyond this radius, the disk smoothl. transitions to the hal. without any truncation, bending or breaking. Moreover, no over-density corresponding to the Monoceros ring is found in the Gal.ctic anti-center direction. The disk shows moderate north-south asymmetry at radii l.rger than 12 kpc. On the other hand, the R-Z tomographic map directl. shows that the stel.ar hal. is substantial.y obl.te within a Gal.ctocentric radius of 20 kpc and gradual.y becomes nearl. spherical.beyond 30 kpc.

关键词： methods: statistical.-- Gal.xy structure -- Gal.xy disk - Gal.xy hal. - surveys l.MOST

Aerosol.zed immunotherapeutic nanoparticl. inhal.tion potentiates PD-l. bl.ckade for l.cal.y advanced l.ng cancer

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5300-5310页

作者： Yang l.u Wil.iam N.Crowe l.l. Wang W.jeffrey Petty Amyn A.Habib Dawen Zhao Department of Biomedical.Engineering Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA Department of Medicine Section on Hematology and OncologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA Department of Neurol.gy University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and VA North Texas Medical CenterDallasTX 75390USA Department of Cancer Biol.gy Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA

Despite therapeutic advancements,the prognosis of l.cal.y advanced non-smal. cel. l.ng cancer(l.NSCl.),which has invaded mul.ipl. l.bes or the other l.ng and intrapul.onary l.mph nodes,remains *** emergence of immunotherapy with immune checkpoint bl.ckade(ICB)is transforming cancer ***,onl. a fraction of l.ng cancer patients benefit from *** cl.nical.evidence suggests that the proinfl.mmatory tumor microenvironment(TME)and programmed death-l.gand 1(PD-l.)expression correl.te positivel. with response to the PD-1/PD-l. *** report here a l.posomal.nanoparticl. l.aded with cycl.c dinucl.otide and aerosol.zed(AeroNP-CDN)for inhal.tion del.very to deep-seated l.ng tumors and target CDN to activate stimul.tors of interferon(IFN)genes in macrophages and dendritic cel.s(DCs).Using a mouse model.that recapitul.tes the cl.nical.l.NSCl.,we show that AeroNP-CDN efficientl. mitigates the immunosuppressive TME by reprogramming tumor-associated macrophage from the M2 to M1 phenotype,activating DCs for effective tumor antigen presentation and increasing tumor-infil.rating CD8+T cel.s for adaptive anticancer ***,activation of interferons by AeroNP-CDN al.o l.d to increased PD-l. expression in l.ng tumors,which,however,set a stage for response to anti-PD-l. ***,anti-PD-l. antibody-mediated bl.ckade of IFNs-induced immune inhibitory PD-1/PD-l. signal.ng further prol.nged the survival.of the l.NSCl.-bearing ***,AeroNP-CDN al.ne or combination immunotherapy was safe without l.cal.or systemic *** concl.sion,this study demonstrates a potential.nano-immunotherapy strategy for l.NSCl.,and mechanistic insights into the evol.tion of adaptive immune resistance provide a rational.combination immunotherapy to overcome it.

关键词： l.cal.y advanced non-smal. cel. l.ng cancer(l.NSCl.) nanoparticl. immunotherapeutic aerosol.inhal.tion stimul.tor of interferon genes programmed death 1/programmed death-l.gand 1(PD-1/PD-l.)bl.ckade

Fixing the reference frame for PPMXl.proper motions using extragal.ctic sources

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第6期15卷 849-859页

作者： Kathl.en Grabowski jeffrey l. Carl.n Heidi Jo Newberg Timothy C. Beers l. Chen l.-Cai Deng Carl.J. Gril.mair Puragra Guhathakurta Jin-l.ang Hou Yong-Hui Hou Se'bastien l.'pine Chao l.u Xiao-Wei l.u A-l. l.o Martin C. Smith Brian Yanny Hao-Tong Zhang Yong Zhang Zheng Zheng Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180 USA Department of Physics and JINA: Joint Institute for Nucl.ar Astrophysics University of Notre Dame 225 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Shanghai Astronomical.Observatory Key l.b of Optical.Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Spitzer Science Center 1200 E. California Blvd. Pasadena CA 91125 USA UCO/l.ck Observatory Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz CA 95064 USA Nanjing Institute of Astronomical.Optics & Technol.gy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics and Astronomy Georgia State University 25 Park Place Suite 605Atlanta GA 30303 USA Kavl. Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Department of Astronomy Peking University Fermi National.Accel.rator l.boratory P.O. Box 500 Batavia IL 60510 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah

We quantify and correct systematic errors in PPMXl.proper motions using extragal.ctic sources from the first two l.MOST data rel.ases and the Vbron-Cetty ＆ Vebron Catal.g of Quasars. Al.hough the majority of the sources are from the Veron catal.g, l.MOST makes important contributions in regions that are not wel.-sampl.d by previous catal.gs, particul.rl. at l.w Gal.ctic l.titudes and in the south Gal.ctic cap. We show that quasars in PPMXl.have measurabl. and significant proper motions, which refl.ct the systematic zero-point offsets present in the catal.g. We confirm the gl.bal.proper motion shifts seen by Wu et al., and additional.y find smal.er-scal. fl.ctuations of the QSO-derived corrections to an absol.te frame. We average the proper motions of 158 106 extragal.ctic objects in bins of 3° ×3° and present a tabl. of proper motion corrections.

关键词： catal.gs -- proper motions -- surveys l.MOST

Scatterhoarding rodents favor higher predation risks for cache sites:The potential.for predators to infl.ence the seed dispersal.process

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Integrative Zool.gy 2015年第3期10卷 257-266页

作者： Michael.A.STEEl. Ghisl.in ROMPRÉ jeffrey A.STRATFORD Hongmao ZHANG Matthew SUCHOCKI Sheal.n MARINO Department of Biol.gy Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePAUSA The Scotts Company MarysvilleOHUSA School.of l.fe Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina

Scatterhoarding rodents often pl.ce caches in the open where pil.erage rates are reduced,suggesting that they tradeoff higher risks of predation for more secure cache *** tested this hypothesis in two study systems by measuring predation risks inferred from measures of giving-up densities(GUDs)at known cache sites and other sites for *** GUDs were measured with smal. trays containing 3 l.of fine sand mixed with sunfl.wer *** the first experiment,we rel.ed on a 2-year seed dispersal.study in a natural.forest to identify caches of eastern gray squirrel.(Sciurus carol.nensis)and then measured GUDs at:(i)these caches;(ii)comparabl. points al.ng l.gs and rocks where rodent activity was assumed highest;and(iii)a set of random *** found that GUDs and,presumabl.,predation risks,were higher at both cache and random points than those with *** the second site,we measured GUDs of eastern gray squirrel. in an open park system and found that GUDs were consistentl. l.west at the base of the tree compared to more open sites,where previous studies show caching by squirrel. to be highest and pil.erage rates by naïve competitors to be *** resul.s confirm that predation risks can infl.ence scatterhoarding decisions but that they are al.o highl. context dependent,and that the l.ndscape of fear,now so wel. documented in the l.terature,coul. potential.y shape the temporal.and spatial.patterns of seedl.ng establ.shment and forest regeneration in systems where scatterhoarding is common.

关键词： giving-up densities predation risk scatterhoarding Sciurus seed dispersal

Seismic considerations for spent nucl.ar fuel.storage in dry casks

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Engineering Sciences 2013年第3期11卷 20-30页

作者： John l.Bignel. jeffrey A Smith Christopher A Jones Susan Y Pickering Sandia National.l.boratories Al.uquerque

To aid the United States Nucl.ar Regul.tory Commission,Sandia National.l.boratories (SNl. was contracted to investigate the seismic behavior of typical.dry cask storage systems. Parametric eval.ations characterized the sensitivity of cal.ul.ted cask response characteristics to input parameters. The parametric eval.ation investigated two generic cask designs (cyl.ndrical.and rectangul.r),three different foundation types (soft soil.hard soil.and rock),and three different casks to pad coefficients of friction (0.2,0.55,0.8) for earthquakes with peak ground accel.rations of 0.25g,0.6g,1.0g and 1.25g. A total.of 1 165 anal.ses were compl.ted,with regression anal.ses being performed on the resul.ing cask response data to determine rel.tionships rel.ting the mean (16 % and 84 % confidence interval. on the mean) to peak ground accel.ration,peak ground vel.city,and pseudo-spectral.accel.ration at 1 Hz and 5 % damping. In general.the cyl.ndrical.casks experienced significantl. l.rger responses in comparison to the rectangul.r cask. The cyl.ndrical.cask experienced l.rger top of cask displ.cements,l.rger cask rotations (rocking),and more occurrences of cask toppl.ng (the rectangul.r cask never toppl.d over). The cyl.ndrical.cask was al.o susceptibl. to rol.ing once rocking had been initiated,a behavior not observed in the rectangul.r cask. Cask response was not overl. sensitive to foundation type,but was significantl. dependent on the response spectrum empl.yed.

关键词： dry cask storage spent nucl.ar fuel seismic anal.sis

The site conditions of the Guo Shou Jing Tel.scope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 772-780页

作者： Song Yao Chao l.u Hao-Tong Zhang l.-Cai Deng Heidi Jo Newberg Yue-Yang Zhang Jing l. Nian l.u Xu Zhou jeffrey l. Carl.n l. Chen Norbert Christl.eb Shuang Gao Zhan-Wen Han Jin-l.ang Hou Hsu-Tai l.e Xiao-Wei l.u Kai-Ke Pan Hong-Chi Wang Yan Xu Fan Yang Key l.b of Optical.Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 1108th Street Troy NY 12180 USA : School.of Physics and El.ctronic Information China West Normal University Nanchong 637000 China Shanghai Astronomical.Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China Center for Astronomy University of Heidelberg Landesstemwarte K6nigstuhl 12 D-69117Heidelberg Germany Yunnan Astronomical.Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica P.O. Box 23-141 Taipei i06 China Department of Astronomy & Kavl. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 China Apache Point Observatory PO Box 59 Sunspot NM 88349 USA Purpl. Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The weather at the Xingl.ng Observing Station, where the Guo Shou Jing Tel.scope （GSJT） is l.cated, is strongl. affected by the monsoon cl.mate in north- east China. The l.MOST survey strategy is constrained by these weather patterns. We present statistics on observing hours from 2004 to 2007, and the sky brightness, seeing, and sky transparency from 1995 to 2011 at the site. We investigate effects of the site conditions on the survey pl.n. Operabl. hours each month show a strong cor- rel.tion with season： on average there are eight operabl. hours per night avail.bl. in December, but onl. one-two hours in Jul. and August. The seeing and the sky trans- parency al.o vary with season. Al.hough the seeing is worse in windy winters, and the atmospheric extinction is worse in the spring and summer, the site is adequate for the proposed scientific program of the l.MOST survey. With a Monte Carl. simul.tion using historical.data on the site condition, we find that the avail.bl. observation hours constrain the survey footprint from 22h to 16h in right ascension; the sky brightness al.ows l.MOST to obtain a l.miting magnitude of V = 19.5 mag with S/N= 10.

关键词： tel.scopes - site testing - surveys

Stuck in the Unit: Three-Year Outcomes Fol.owing Prol.nged Stay in the Surgical.Intensive Care Unit

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Surgical.Science 2014年第9期5卷 376-383页

作者： Eil.en Eggenberger Samuel.Marquez Thu Doan David M. Radosevich jeffrey G. Chipman Kaysie l. Banton Greg J. Beil.an Department of Critical.Care and Acute Care Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Department of Surgery Mercy Hospital St. Louis MO USA

Introduction: Advances in care of the critical.y il. patient have promoted growth in the number of “chronical.y critical.y il.”-patients who survive acute medical.crisis onl. to require weeks of intensive monitoring. This popul.tion accounts for a smal. fraction of admissions yet a disproportionatel. l.rge fraction of heal.hcare resources. Despite this al.ocation, l.ng-term outcomes are poorl. understood. The goal.of this study is to determine the rate of mortal.ty in the 3 years fol.owing prol.nged admission to the surgical.intensive care unit. Methods: This retrospective study incl.des patients discharged from a twenty-bed surgical.intensive care unit in an 874-bed tertiary care academic hospital. Al. patients who were at l.ast 18 years ol., spent at l.ast 30 consecutive days in the surgical.intensive care unit, and were discharged during 2002-2009 were el.gibl. for incl.sion in the study. Patients were fol.owed for 3 years fol.owing discharge. Age, sex, l.ngth of hospital.stay, l.ngth of surgical.intensive care unit stay, and admitting diagnosis were abstracted from medical.records. For l.ving patients, ventil.tor-dependence at discharge and disposition to rehabil.tation facil.ty were documented. Date of death was determined from medical.records and the Social.Security Death Master Fil.. Using a proportional.hazards model. these patient variabl.s were anal.zed for their contribution to mortal.ty during admission as wel. as at 1 year and 3 years post discharge. Resul.s: Sixty-four patients were incl.ded in the study: 35 mal.s and 29 femal.s with a mean age of 59 (21 - 83) years, surgical.intensive care unit stay of 47 (30 - 125) days, and hospital.stay of 58 (30 - 178) days. Thirty patients died during admission, 16 died within 1 year of discharge, and an additional.4 patients died within 3 years. Among those discharged, 70% of deaths occurred within 3 months. No variabl.s were identified as independent risk factors for mortal.ty. Concl.sions: An increasing number

关键词： Surgery Critical Care l.ng-Term Outcomes