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Endoscopy is of low yield in the identification of gastrointestinal neoplasia in patients with dermatomyositis: A cross-sectional study

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4788-4795页

作者： Trilokesh D Kidambi Gabriela Schmajuk Andrew j Gross james W Ostroff jonathan P Terdiman jeffrey K Lee Division of Gastroenterology University of California Division of Rheumatology University of California Division of Rheumatology San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center

To determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal neoplasia among dermatomyositis patients who underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy and/or colonoscopy. METHODSA cross-sectional study examining the results of upper endoscopy and colonoscopy in adults with dermatomyositis at an urban, university hospital over a ten year period was performed. Chart review was performed to confirm the diagnosis of dermatomyositis. Findings on endoscopy were collected and statistical analyses stratified by age and presence of symptoms were performed. RESULTSAmong 373 adult patients identified through a code based search strategy, only 163 patients had dermatomyositis confirmed by chart review. Of the 47 patients who underwent upper endoscopy, two cases of Barrett’s esophagus without dysplasia were identified and there were no cases of malignancy. Of the 67 patients who underwent colonoscopy, no cases of malignancy were identified and an adenoma was identified in 15% of cases. No significant differences were identified in the yield of endoscopy when stratified by age or presence of symptoms. CONCLUSIONThe yield of endoscopy is low in patients with dermatomyositis and is likely similar to the general population; we identified no cases of malignancy. A code based search strategy is inaccurate for the diagnosis of dermatomyositis, calling into question the results of prior population-based studies. Larger studies with rigorously validated search strategies are necessary to understand the risk of gastrointestinal malignancy in patients with dermatomyositis.

关键词： Endoscopy Dermatomyositis Colon cancer Screening

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis supports the valid separate species status of Lucilia caesar and *** (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

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Forensic Sciences Research 2018年第1期3卷 60-64页

作者： Christine j.Picard jeffrey D.Wells Anne Ullyot Knut Rognes Department of Biology&Forensic and Investigative Sciences Program Indiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisINUSA Department of Biological Sciences&International Forensic Research Institute Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA Biological Sciences University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of Early Childhood Education Faculty of Arts and EducationUniversity of StavangerStavangerNorway

Common DNA-based species determination methods fail to distinguish some blow flies in the forensically and medically important genus Lucilia *** is a practical problem,and it has also been interpreted as casting doubt on the validity of some morphologically defined *** example is Lucilia illustris and ***,which co-occur in Europe whilst only *** has been collected in North *** that these species shared both mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences,along with claims that diagnostic morphological characters are difficult to interpret,were used to question their separate species *** report here that amplified fragment length polymorphism profiles strongly support the validity of both species based on both assignment and phylogenetic analysis,and that traditional identification criteria based on male and female genital morphology are more reliable than has been claimed.

关键词： Forensic science forensic entomology Calliphoridae Lucilia caesar Lucilia illustris taxonomy AFLP analysis

Depilatory double-disc mouse model for evaluation of vesicant dermal injury pharmacotherapy countermeasures

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2023年第1期6卷 57-65页

作者： Tomas L.Roldan Shike Li jeffrey D.Laskin Dayuan Gao Patrick j.Sinko Department of Pharmaceutics Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of PharmacyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Rutgers University School of Public HealthPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA CounterACT Center of Excellence Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA

Background:Sulfur mustard(SM)is a chemical warfare vesicant that severely injures exposed eyes,lungs,and *** hydrochloride(NM)is widely used as an SM *** study aimed to develop a depilatory double-disc(DDD)NM skin burn model for investigating vesicant pharmacotherapy ***:Hair removal method(clipping only versus clipping followed by a depilatory),the effect of acetone in the vesicant administration vehicle,NM dose(0.5-20μmol),vehicle volume(5-20μl),and time course(0.5-21 days)were investigated using male and female CD-1 ***,an indicator of burn response,was assessed by biopsy skin *** ideal NM dose to induce partial-thickness burns was assessed by edema and histopathologic *** optimized DDD model was validated using an established reagent,NDH-4338,a cyclooxygenase,inducible nitric oxide synthase,and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor ***:Clipping/depilatory resulted in a 5-fold higher skin edematous response and was highly reproducible(18-fold lower%CV)compared to clipping *** did not affect edema *** edema occurred 24-48 h after NM administra-tion using optimized dosing methods and *** partial-thickness burns were achieved with 5μmol of NM and responded to treatment with *** dif-ferences in burn edematous responses were observed between males and ***:A highly reproducible and sensitive partial-thickness skin burn model was developed for assessing vesicant pharmacotherapy *** model pro-vides clinically relevant wound severity and eliminates the need for organic solvents that induce changes to the skin barrier function.

关键词： edema mice skin vesicant

An All-Speed Asymptotic-Preserving Method for the Isentropic Euler and Navier-Stokes Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第9期12卷 955-980页

作者： jeffrey Haack Shi jin jian-Guo Liu Department of Mathematics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Departments of Physics and Mathematics Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The computation of compressible flows becomesmore challengingwhen the Mach number has different orders of *** the Mach number is of order one,modern shock capturing methods are able to capture shocks and other complex structures with high numerical ***,if theMach number is small,the acoustic waves lead to stiffness in time and excessively large numerical viscosity,thus demanding much smaller time step and mesh size than normally needed for incompressible flow *** this paper,we develop an all-speed asymptotic preserving(AP)numerical scheme for the compressible isentropic Euler and Navier-Stokes equations that is uniformly stable and accurate for all Mach *** idea is to split the system into two parts:one involves a slow,nonlinear and conservative hyperbolic system adequate for the use of modern shock capturing methods and the other a linear hyperbolic system which contains the stiff acoustic dynamics,to be solved *** implicit part is reformulated into a standard pressure Poisson projection system and thus possesses sufficient structure for efficient fast Fourier transform solution *** the zero Mach number limit,the scheme automatically becomes a projection method-like incompressible *** present numerical results in one and two dimensions in both compressible and incompressible regimes.

关键词： Low Mach number limit asymptotic preserving schemes incompressible limit projection scheme isentropic Euler equation

Ultra-high speed holographic shape and displacement measurements in the hearing sciences

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2022年第2期3卷 1-14页

作者： Haimi Tang Pavel Psota john j.Rosowski Cosme Furlong jeffrey Tao Cheng Center for Holographic Studies and Laser micro-mechaTronics Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA USA01609 Mechanical Engineering Department Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA USA01609 Faculty of Mechatronics Informatics and Interdisciplinary StudiesTechnical University of LiberecLiberecCzech Republic46117 Eaton-Peabody Laboratory Massachusetts Eye and EarBostonMA USA02114 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA02115

The auditory system of mammals enables the perception of sound from our surrounding *** some of the smallest bones in the body,the ear transduces complex acoustic signals with high-temporal sensitivity to complex mechanical vibrations with magnitudes as small as tens of *** of the shape and acoustically induced motions of different components of the ear are essential if we are to expand our understanding of hearing mechanisms,and also provide quantitative information for the development of numerical ear models that can be used to improve hearing protection,clinical diagnosis,and repair of damaged or diseased *** are developing digital holographic methods and instrumentation using an ultra-high speed camera to measure shape and acoustically-induced motions in the middle *** we study the eardrum,the first structure of the middle ear which initializes the acoustic-mechanical transduction of sound for *** measurement system is capable of performing holographic measurement at rates up to 2.1 M frames per *** shape measurement modalities had previously been implemented into our holographic systems:(1)a multi-wavelength method with a wavelength tunable laser;and(2)a multi-angle illumination method with a single wavelength *** this paper,we present a third method using a miniaturized fringe projection system with a microelectromechanical system(MEMS)***,we optimize the processing of large data sets of holographic displacement measurements using a vectorized Pearson's correlation *** validate and compare the shape and displacement measurements of our methodologies using a National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)traceable gauge and sound-activated latex membranes and human eardrums.

关键词： Ultra-high speed digital holography Microelectromechanical systems(MEMS) Miniaturized Fringe Projection Middle-ear mechanics Shape and displacement measurements.

Randomized controlled trials in frontotemporal dementia: cognitive and behavioral outcomes

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 89-97页

作者： justin B Miller Sarah j Banks Gabriel C Léger jeffrey L Cummings Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health888 W.Bonneville AveLas VegasNevada 89106USA

Progress has been made in understanding the genetics and molecular biology of frontotemporal dementia(FTD).Targets for intervention have been identified,therapies are being developed,and clinical trials are advancing.A major challenge for FTD research is that multiple underlying pathologies can be associated with heterogeneous *** neuropsychological profiles associated with FTD spectrum disorders often include executive dysfunction,language impairments and behavioral *** variant FTD is characterized by an initial presentation of changes in personality,behavior and/or emotion,which are often difficult to objectively capture using traditional neuropsychological *** two principal language variants of FTD are Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia(PNFA)with predominant agrammatic/non-fluent impairments and Semantic Dementia(SD)with semantic impairments and visual *** of appropriate endpoints for clinical trials is critical to ensure that the measures are adequately sensitive to detect change,yet specific enough to isolate signal from noise,and acceptable to regulatory *** the anticipated potential for small effect sizes,measures must be able to identify small incremental changes over *** is also imperative that the measures provide adequate coverage of the constructs or behaviors of *** outcome measures should be suitable for repeat administration,yet relatively robust to practice effects to ensure that observed changes reflect true signal variance and not residual effects due to repeated measurement or poor *** facilitate widespread adoption as an endpoint,measures should be readily *** provide several examples of potential global,composite,and individual cognitive measures,as well as behavioral measures promising for FTD *** and application of appropriate trial outcomes is critically important to success in advancing new treatments for FTD patients.

关键词： Frontotemporal dementia Primary endpoints Secondary endpoints Randomized controlled trial Methods

Movements and diving behavior of internesting green turtles along Pacific Costa Rica

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第3期8卷 293-306页

作者： Gabriela S.BLANCO Stephen j.MORREALE jeffrey A.SEMINOFF Frank V.PALADINO Rotney PIEDRA james R.SPOTILA Department of Biology Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Natural Resources Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science CenterLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Biology Indiana University-Purdue UniversityFort WayneIndianaUSA Leatherback National Marine Park Ministry of EnvironmentEnergy and Telecommunications San JoseCosta Rica

Using satellite transmitters,we determined the internesting movements,spatial ecology and diving behavior of East Pacific green turtles(Chelonia mydas)nesting on Nombre de jesús and Zapotillal beaches along the Pacific coast of northwestern Costa *** density analysis indicated that turtles spent most of their time in a particularly small area in the vicinity of the nesting beaches(50%utilization distribution was an area of 3 km^(2)).Minimum daily distance traveled during a 12 day internesting period was 4.6±3.5 *** were short and primarily occupied the upper 10 m of the water *** spent most of their time resting at the surface and conducting U-dives(ranging from 60 to 81%of the total tracking time involved in those activities).Turtles showed a strong diel pattern,U-dives mainly took place during the day and turtles spent a large amount of time resting at the surface at *** lack of long-distance movements demonstrated that this area was heavily utilized by turtles during the nesting season and,therefore,was a crucial location for conservation of this highly endangered green turtle *** unique behavior of these turtles in resting at the surface at night might make them particularly vulnerable to fishing activities near the nesting beaches.

关键词： Chelonia mydas Costa Rica East Pacific green turtle internesting period satellite telemetry

Novel data-driven subtypes and stages of brain atrophy in the ALS-FTD spectrum

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 50-69页

作者： Ting Shen jacob W.Vogel jeffrey Duda jeffrey S.Phillips Philip ACook james Gee Lauren Elman Colin Quinn Defne A.Amado Michael Baer Lauren Massimo Murray Grossman David j.Irwin Corey T.McMillan Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center Department of NeurologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Clinical Sciences SciLifeLabLund University22242 LundSweden Penn Image Computing and Science Lab(PICSL) Department of RadiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of Penn-sylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Neurology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Digital Neuropathology Laboratory Department of NeurologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA.

Background TDP-43 proteinopathies represent a spectrum of neurological disorders,anchored clinically on either end by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal degeneration(FTD).The ALS-FTD spectrum exhibits a diverse range of clinical presentations with overlapping phenotypes,highlighting its *** study was aimed to use disease progression modeling to identify novel data-driven spatial and temporal subtypes of brain atrophy and its progression in the ALS-FTD *** We used a data-driven procedure to identify 13 anatomic clusters of brain volume for 57 behavioral variant FTD(bvFTD;with either autopsy-confirmed TDP-43 or TDP-43 proteinopathy-associated genetic variants),103 ALS,and 47 ALS-FTD patients with likely TDP-43.A Subtype and Stage Inference(SuStaIn)model was trained to identify subtypes of individuals along the ALS-FTD spectrum with distinct brain atrophy patterns,and we related subtypes and stages to clinical,genetic,and neuropathological features of *** SuStaIn identified three novel subtypes:two disease subtypes with predominant brain atrophy in either prefrontal/somatomotor regions or limbic-related regions,and a normal-appearing group without obvious brain *** limbic-predominant subtype tended to present with more impaired cognition,higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in TBK1 and TARDBP genes,and a higher proportion of TDP-43 types B,E and *** contrast,the prefrontal/somatomotor-predominant subtype had higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in C9orf72 and GRN genes and higher proportion of TDP-43 type *** normal-appearing brain group showed higher frequency of ALS relative to ALS-FTD and bvFTD patients,higher cognitive capacity,higher proportion of lower motor neuron onset,milder motor symptoms,and lower frequencies of genetic pathogenic *** overall SuStaIn stages also correlated with evidence for clinical progression including longer disease duration,higher King’s stage,and cog

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Frontotemporal degeneration Disease heterogeneity SuStaIn model

Comments by opponents on the British Medical Association’s guidance on non-therapeutic male circumcision of children seem one-sided and may undermine public health

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World journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2023年第5期12卷 244-262页

作者： Stephen Moreton Guy Cox Mark Sheldon Stefan A Bailis jeffrey D Klausner Brian j Morris CircFacts Warrington WA51HYCheshireUnited Kingdom Australian Centre for Microscopy&Microanalysis and School of Aeronautical Mechanical and Mechatronic EngineeringUniversity of SydneySydney 2006New South WalesAustralia Medical Humanities and Bioethics Program Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60661United States Cornerstone Therapy&Recovery Center St.PaulMN 55101United States Department of Medicine Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States School of Medical Sciences University of SydneySydney 2006New South WalesAustralia

The British Medical Association(BMA)guidance on non-therapeutic circumcision(NTMC)of male children is limited to ethical,legal and religious *** we evaluate criticisms of the BMA’s guidance by Lempert et *** their arguments promoting autonomy and consent might be superficially appealing,their claim of high procedural risks and negligible benefits seem one-sided and contrast with high quality evidence of low risk and lifelong *** literature reviews by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in developing evidence-based policies,as well as risk-benefit analyses,have found that the medical benefits of infant NTMC greatly exceed the risks,and there is no reduction in sexual function and *** BMA’s failure to consider the medical benefits of early childhood NTMC may partly explain why this prophylactic intervention is discouraged in the United *** consequence is higher prevalence of preventable infections,adverse medical conditions,suffering and net costs to the UK’s National Health Service for treatment of *** of the issues and contradictions in the BMA guidance identified by Lempert et al stem from the BMA’s guidance not being sufficiently ***,that document called for a review by others of the medical issues surrounding *** societal factors apply,ultimately,NTMC can only be justified rationally on scientific,evidence-based *** are entitled to an accurate presentation of the medical evidence so that they can make an informed *** decision either for or against NTMC should then be respected.

关键词： Circumcision,Male Child Infections Risk Policy Public health