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Cell:研究揭示疫苗中的减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒恢复毒力机制

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第15期17卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Adi Stern Ming Te Yeh Tal Zinger Matt Smith Caroline Wright Guy Ling Rasmus nielsen Andrew Macadam Raul Andino Department of Statistics University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

脊髓灰质炎（poHo，也称作小儿麻痹症）几乎被根除了。目前，大多数脊髓灰质炎爆发风险并不是来自于野外的脊髓灰质炎病毒（poliovirus），而是来自于由减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒组成的口服疫苗。这些病毒积累突变，从而允许它们在未充分接种... 详细信息

脊髓灰质炎（poHo，也称作小儿麻痹症）几乎被根除了。目前，大多数脊髓灰质炎爆发风险并不是来自于野外的脊髓灰质炎病毒（poliovirus），而是来自于由减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒组成的口服疫苗。这些病毒积累突变，从而允许它们在未充分接种的人群中传播。重新获得毒力，甚至导致疾病爆发。目前。根据一项新的研究，研究人员绘制出脊髓灰质炎病毒发生的一系列突变，

关键词：脊髓灰质炎病毒口服疫苗毒力减毒 Cen 机制研究人员麻痹症

配种季节长度和产犊季节对草原肉用母牛生产力的影响

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中国牦牛 1993年第2期 48-53页

作者： G.H.Deutscher j.A.Stotts M.K.nielsen 王敏强美国.尼布拉斯州北波兰特西森托中心尼布拉斯大学

从1983年开始,用5年的时间在尼布拉斯加沙丘草原上,根据三个配种期(30、45和70天)、两个春季产犊期(三月上旬、四月下旬),对460头母牛的生产性能进行了评判,评判标准包括:怀孕率和断奶率、产犊日期及其分布、母牛四次产犊间隔的体重及... 详细信息

从1983年开始,用5年的时间在尼布拉斯加沙丘草原上,根据三个配种期(30、45和70天)、两个春季产犊期(三月上旬、四月下旬),对460头母牛的生产性能进行了评判,评判标准包括:怀孕率和断奶率、产犊日期及其分布、母牛四次产犊间隔的体重及体况、犊牛初生重和断奶重、母牛生产力。30天配种期包括了10天的同期发情和人工授精,其他两个配种期只采用自然交配方式。在该研究过程中使用了相同种公牛。结果表明:30天配种期的母牛,其怀孕率、犊牛断奶率比45天、70天的低。早、晚期产犊群内的配种组中,平均产犊日期相似。四月份产犊母牛的人工授精怀孕率为64%,而三月份的为41%,差异极显著(P.10),70天配种期母牛的生产力(每一母牛的断奶犊牛体重)最高,为186kg(P<.05),45天的居中,为172kg,30天的最低,为162kg,两个产犊群的母牛生产力无差异(早期群为172kg,晚期群为175kg)。由此可见,在尼布拉斯加沙丘草原上,70天配种期的母牛生产力最高,母牛在四月份产犊与三月份产犊具有相同的生产力。

关键词：肉用母牛生产力配种产犊

Reprogramming mouse ear mesenchymal stem cells (EMSC) expressing the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted gene cluster

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Stem Cell Discovery 2013年第1期3卷 64-71页

作者： Ru Gao jong S. Rim Karen L. Strickler Christian W. Barnes Lettie L. Harkins jaroslaw Staszkiewicz jeffery M. Gimble Barbara Gawronska-Kozak Gregory H. Leno Kenneth j. Eilertsen Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City USA Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences Olsztyn Poland NuPotential Inc. Baton Rouge USA Stem Cell Biology Laboratory Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge USA

The identification of a single, early marker for full developmental potential of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has proven elusive. Recently, however, activation of the imprinted gene cluster, Dlk1-Dio3 has emerged as a viable candidate in the mouse. To explore the relationship between Dlk1-Dio3 expression and developmental potential more fully, we used murine ear mesenchymal stem cells (mEMSC) for iPS cell induction. Mouse EMSC are easily obtained and share functional characteristics with embryonic stem (ES) cells and therefore, may be a reliable non-embryonic source for iPS cell production. We report that mEMSC express high levels of Gtl2, a maternally expressed gene within the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted cluster. Moreover, mEMSC produce Gtl2 expressing (Gtl2on) iPSC clones that share functional characteristics with ES cell clones. The production of Gtl2on iPS cell clones from mEMSC provides a new model with which to investigate the regulation of Dlk1-Dio3 cluster activity during direct cell reprogramming.

关键词： iPSCs Reprogramming Pluripotent Stem Cell

几内亚比绍一家一级保健中心进行的有关舌下含服米索前列醇治疗产后大出血的随机双盲临床试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第2期2卷 2-3页

作者： H.j L. Cardoso P. nielsen B.B. 丁福 Department of Obstetrics Aarhus University Hospital 8200 Aarhus N Denmark

Objective: To evaluate whether routine administration of sublingual misoprostol 600 μg after delivery reduces postpartum haemorrhage. Design: Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. Setting: Primary health centre in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. Participants: 661 women undergoing vaginal delivery. Intervention: Misoprostol 600 μg or placebo administered sublingually immediately after delivery. Main outcome measures: Postpartum haemorrhage, defined as a loss of ≥500 ml and decrease in haemoglobin concentration after delivery. Results: The incidence of postpartum haemorrhage was not significantly different between the two groups, the relative risk being 0.89 (95%confidence interval 0.76 to 1.04) in the misoprostol group compared with the placebo group. Mean blood loss was 10.5%(-0.5%to 20.4%)-lower in the misoprostol group than in the control group. Severe postpartum haemorrhage of ≥1000 ml or ≥1500 ml occurred in 17%(56) and 8%(25) in the placebo group and 11%(37) and 2%(7) in the misoprostol group. Significantly fewer women in the misoprostol group experienced alossof ≥1000 ml (0.66, 0.45 to 0.98) or ≥1500 ml (0.28, 0.12 to 0.64). The decrease in haemoglobin concentration tended to be less in the misoprostol group, the mean difference between the two groups being 0.16 mmol/l (-0.01 mmol/1 to 0.32 mmol/l). Conclusion: Sublingual misoprostol reduces the frequency of severe postpartum haemorrhage.

关键词：舌下含服保健中心随机双盲安慰剂对照阴道分娩出血发生率平均失血量产后出血血红蛋白浓度

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倾向断层中的地震:对称性被破坏的效应

世界地震译丛 2000年第4期31卷 78-83页

作者： D.D.Oglesby R.j.Archuleta S.B.nielsen 张拴宏中国地质科学院地质力学研究所

对倾向断层中地震的动力学模拟表明,不对称的近源地面运动是由这类断层不对称的几何形态引起的。在初始应力大小相同的情况下,逆(冲)断层引起的地面运动要比正断层引起的地面运动大2倍或更多。无论是在逆(冲)断层还是正断层引起的地震中... 详细信息

对倾向断层中地震的动力学模拟表明,不对称的近源地面运动是由这类断层不对称的几何形态引起的。在初始应力大小相同的情况下,逆(冲)断层引起的地面运动要比正断层引起的地面运动大2倍或更多。无论是在逆(冲)断层还是正断层引起的地震中,上盘的运动都比下盘的大。地震产生的应力场与地球自由表面的相互作用导致了与时间相关的正应力的产生,从而造成了正断层与逆(冲)断层之间的不对称性。断层上、下两盘的不对称性是由于断层两盘质量和几何形态的不对称性而形成的。

关键词：倾向断层地震断层不对称

ω-3或ω-6脂肪酸和皮质激素治疗活动性克罗恩病时胰岛素样生长因子及其结合蛋白的表达

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 57-58页

作者： Eivindson M. Grbak H. nielsen j.N. 赵天智 Department of Medicine Vejle Hospital Kabbeltoft 25 DK-7100 Vejle Denmark Dr.

Objective. Catabolism and growth impairment are well-known complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This may be caused by the disease activity itself and/or the medical treatment, and both may lead to changes in the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of enteral nutrition. Impact Powder(r), as adjuvant therapy to corticosteroid treatment on changes in the GH/IGF-I axis in patients with Crohn’ s disease (CD). Material and methods. The patients were randomized to 3-IP (ω -3-fatty acid (FA), 3 g/day) or 6-IP (ω -6-FA, 9 g/day). Changes in total IGF-I (tIGF-I) and total IGF-II (tIGF-II), free IGF-I (fIGF-I), IGF binding proteins (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 protease activity and insulin levels were examined in 31 patients with active CD (CDAI: 186-603) during treatment with prednisolone (40 mg for 1 week) and tapering the dose by 5 mg/week. Clinical and biochemical markers of inflammation were studied at day 0, and after 5 and 9 weeks. Results. There were no differences at baseline between the two groups. During the treatment period, tIGFI, fIGF-I and IGFBP-3 increased significantly in both groups compared to baseline (p juvant enteral nutrition on the GH/IGF-I axis. The changes observed in the GH/IGFI axis are in line with previously published studies and may be explained by corticosteroid treatment; however, we cannot exclude an additional effect of ω 3-/ω 6 FA as adjuvant enteral nutrition.

关键词：胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ 皮质激素治疗脂肪酸结合蛋白生长激素(GH) 活动性 IGF-Ⅰ 病时炎症性肠病生长障碍

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亚洲季风在前一个间冰期的转换和时间定位

亚洲季风在前一个间冰期的转换和时间定位

Towards a standard diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Impact of dietary fat source

“十五”重要地质科技成果暨重大找矿成果交流会

作者：袁道先程海 R．Lawrence Edwards Carolyn A．Dykoski Megan j．Kelly 张美覃加铭林玉石汪永进吴江滢 jeffery A．Dorale 安芷生蔡演军中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所国土资源部岩溶动力学重点实验室美国Minnesota大学地质地球物理系美国Minnesota大学地质地球物理系美国Minnesota大学地质地球物理系美国Minnesota大学地质地球物理系中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所国土资源部岩溶动力学重点实验室中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所国土资源部岩溶动力学重点实验室中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所国土资源部岩溶动力学重点实验室南京师范大学地理学院南京师范大学地理学院美国Iowa大学地球科学系中国科学院地球环境研究所中国科学院地球环境研究所

＜正＞对贵州与广西交界处的荔波县董哥洞的两根石笋（各高210cm,304cm）的氧同位素和Th-230 测年研究,揭示了过去16万年来亚洲季风和低纬度地区降雨变化的特征。在这个期间内,由太阳辐射强度和千年尺度大气环流波动所驱动的热带．亚热...

＜正＞对贵州与广西交界处的荔波县董哥洞的两根石笋（各高210cm,304cm）的氧同位素和Th-230 测年研究,揭示了过去16万年来亚洲季风和低纬度地区降雨变化的特征。在这个期间内,由太阳辐射强度和千年尺度大气环流波动所驱动的热带．亚热带降雨的变化,导致了许多次氧同位素比值的突变。本项研究揭示:前一个间冰期季风经历了9．7 ±1．1千年,从距今129．3±0．9千年前开始,表现

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第33期25卷 4904-4920页

作者： Michelle L Boland Denise Oro Kirstine S T■lb■l Sebastian T Thrane jens Christian nielsen Taylor S Cohen David E Tabor Fiona Fernandes Andrey Tovchigrechko Sanne S Veidal Paul Warrener Bret R Sellman jacob jelsing Michael Feigh Niels Vrang james L Trevaskis Henrik H Hansen Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolic DiseasesMedImmuneGaithersburgMD 20878United States Pharmacology GubraH■rsholm DK-2970Denmark

BACKGROUND The trans-fat containing AMLN(amylin liver non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)diet has been extensively validated in C57BL/6j mice with or without the Lep^ob/Lep^ob(ob/ob)mutation in the leptin gene for reliably inducing metabolic and liver histopathological changes recapitulating hallmarks of *** to a recent ban on trans-fats as food additive,there is a marked need for developing a new diet capable of promoting a compatible level of disease in ob/ob and C57BL/6j *** To develop a biopsy-confirmed mouse model of NASH based on an obesogenic diet with trans-fat substituted by saturated *** Male ob/ob mice were fed AMLN diet or a modified AMLN diet with trans-fat(Primex shortening)substituted by equivalent amounts of palm oil[Gubra amylin NASH,(GAN)diet]for 8,12 and 16 wk.C57BL/6j mice were fed the same diets for 28 *** and GAN diets had similar caloric content(40%fat kcal),fructose(22%)and cholesterol(2%)*** The GAN diet was more obesogenic compared to the AMLN diet and impaired glucose ***-confirmed steatosis,lobular inflammation,hepatocyte ballooning,fibrotic liver lesions and hepatic transcriptome changes were similar in ob/ob mice fed the GAN or AMLN diet.C57BL/6j mice developed a mild to moderate fibrotic NASH phenotype when fed the same *** Substitution of Primex with palm oil promotes a similar phenotype of biopsyconfirmed NASH in ob/ob and C57BL/6j mice,making GAN diet-induced obese mouse models suitable for characterizing novel NASH treatments.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis High-fat diet Mouse model Histopathology Fibrosis Liver biopsy Liver transcriptome

使用AI自动生成的胸片报告：临床影响的评估

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国际医学放射学杂志 2023年第4期 480-480页

作者： L.L.Plesner F.C.Müller j.D.Nybing L.C.Laustrup F.Rasmussen O.W.nielsen 刘晴

摘要正常胸片的自动解读可以减轻放射科医生的工作量。然而，与临床影像报告相比，这种人工智能（AI）软件的效能尚未确定。目的对商用AI软件进行外部评估，评估内

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