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Spatial distrib.tion of δ2H and δ18O values in the hydrologic cycle of the Nile b.sin

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第2期7卷 133-145页

作者： jeff b.LANGMAN School of Science and Engineering American University in Cairo Department of Geological Sciences University of Idaho

Existing δ2H and δ18O values for precipitation and surface water in the Nile b.sin were used to analyze precipitation inputs and the influence of evaporation on the isotopic signal of the Nile River and its trib.taries. The goal of the data analysis was to b.tter understand b.sin processes that influence seasonal streamflow for the source waters of the Nile River, b.cause climate and hydrologic models have continued to produce high uncertainty in the prediction of precipitation and streamflow in the Nile b.sin. An evaluation of differences in precipitation δ2H and δ18O values through linear regression and distrib.tion analysis indicate variation b. region and season in the isotopic signal of precipitation across the Nile b.sin. The White Nile b.sin receives precipitation with a more depleted isotopic signal compared to the b.ue Nile b.sin. The hot temperatures of the Sahelian spring produce a greater evaporation signal in the precipitation isotope distrib.tion compared to precipitation in the Sahara/Mediterranean region, which can b. influenced b. storms moving in from the Mediterranean Sea. The larger evaporative effect is reversed for the two regions in summer b.cause of the cooling of the Sahel from inflow of Indian Ocean monsoon moisture that predominantly influences the climate of the b.ue Nile b.sin. The regional precipitation isotopic signals convey to each region＇s streamflow, which is further modified b. additional evaporation according to the local climate. Isotope ratios for White Nile streamflow are significantly altered b. evaporation in the Sudd, b.t this isotopic signal is minimized for streamflow in the Nile River during the winter, spring and summer seasons b.cause of the flow dominance of the b.ue Nile. During fall, the contrib.tion from the White Nile may exceed that of the b.ue Nile, and the heavier isotopic signal of the White Nile b.comes apparent. The variation in climatic conditions of the Nile River b.sin provides a means of identifying mech

关键词： Nile River arid environment deuterium excess regional climate model uncertainty evaporation isotope effects

A comparative study on the reactivity of charged Ni-rich and Ni-poor positive electrodes with electrolyte at elevated temperatures using accelerating rate calorimetry

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第9期30卷 523-530页

作者： Dongxu Ouyang Yulong Liu Ines Hamam Jian Wang jeff Dahn State Key Lab.ratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H4R2Canada Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H3J5Canada

The reactivity b.tween charged Li(Li_(0.115)Mn_(0.529)Ni_(0.339)Al_(0.017))O_(2)(Li-rich),single crystal Li(Ni_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1))O_(2)(SC-NMC811),LiFePO_(4)(LFP) and LiMn_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)PO_(4)(LMFP) positive electrodes at different states of charge(SOCs) and traditional carb.nate-b.sed electrolyte at elevated temperatures is systematically studied using accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC).The results show that the SOC greatly affects the thermal stab.lity of the Li-rich and SC-NMC811 when traditional carb.nate-b.sed electrolyte is *** an increase in the SOC increases the energy density of lithium-ion cells,it also increases the reactivity b.tween charged Li-rich and SC-NMC811 samples with electrolyte at elevated *** comparison with SC-NMC811,the Li-rich samples are much more stab.e at elevated temperatures,and the latter have higher specific ***-NMC811 samples are less reactive than traditional polycrystalline *** LFP and LMFP samples show excellent thermal stab.lity at elevated *** sub.titution of Fe b. Mn in the olivine series positive materials does not impact the reactivity with electrolyte.

关键词： Lithium-ion cells Accelerating rate calorimetry Positive electrodes Safety

b.nding energy of a vesicle to which a small spherical particle adhere:An analytical study

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Chinese Physics b 2015年第9期24卷 572-580页

作者：曹思勤韦广红 jeff Z.Y.Chen State Key Lab.ratory of Surface Physics Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education)Department of PhysicsFudan University Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo

On the b.sis of Helfrich＇s b.nding energy model, we show that the adsorption process of a small spherical particle to a closed vesicle can b. analytically studied b. retaining the leading terms in an expansion of the shape equation. Our general derivation predicts the optimal b.nding sites on a vesicle, where the local memb.ane shape of the b.nding site could b. non-axisymmetric b.fore the continuous adhesion transition takes place. Our derivation avoids directly solving the shape equation and depends on an integration of the contact-line condition. The results are verified b. several examples of independent numerical solutions.

关键词： memb.ane conformation Helfrich model nano-particle adsorption phase transition

Associations b.tween concussion and risk of diagnosis of psychological and neurological disorders:a retrospective population-b.sed cohort study

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第3期8卷 27-35页

作者： Marc P Morissette Heather J Prior Rob.rt b.Tate John Wade jeff R S Leiter Pan Am Clinic Foundation WinnipegManitobaCanada Applied Health Sciences Faculty of Graduate StudiesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada Manitob. Centre for Health Policy Rady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada Community Health Sciences Rady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada

Ob.ective To investigate associations b.tween concussion and the risk of follow-up diagnoses of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),mood and anxiety disorders(MADs),dementia and Parkinson’s *** A retrospective population-b.sed cohort *** Administrative health data for the Province of Manitob. b.tween 1990-1991 and *** A total of 47483 individuals were diagnosed with a concussion using International Classification of Diseases(ICD)codes(ICD-9-CM:850;ICD-10-CA:S06.0).All concussed sub.ects were matched with healthy controls at a 3:1 ratio b.sed on age,sex and geographical *** b.tween concussion and conditions of interest diagnosed later in life were assessed using a stratified Cox proportional hazards regression model,with adjustments for socioeconomic status and pre-existing medical *** 28021 men(mean age±SD,25±18 years)and 19462 women(30±21 years)were included in the concussion group,while 81871 men(25±18 years)and 57159 women(30±21 years)were included in the matched control *** was associated with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.39(95%CI 1.32 to 1.46,p<0.001)for ADHD,1.72(95%CI 1.69 to 1.76;p<0.001)for MADs,1.72(95%CI 1.61 to 1.84;p<0.001)for dementia and 1.57(95%CI 1.41 to 1.75;p<0.001)for Parkinson’s *** Concussion was associated with an increased risk of diagnosis for all four conditions of interest later in life.

关键词： diagnosis disorders matched

b.oreductive prodrugs as cancer therapeutics:targeting tumor hypoxia

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第2期33卷 80-86页

作者： Christopher P.Guise Alexandra M.Mowday Amir Ashoorzadeh Ran Yuan Wan-Hua Lin Dong-Hai Wu jeff b.Smaill Adam V.Patterson Ke Ding Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre School of Medical Sciences The University of Auckland The Key Lab.ratory of Regenerative b.ology Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences

Hypoxia, a state of low oxygen, is a common feature of solid tumors and is associated with disease progression as well as resistance to radiotherapy and certain chemotherapeutic drugs. Hypoxic regions in tumors, therefore, represent attractive targets for cancer therapy. To date, five distinct classes of b.oreactive prodrugs have b.en developed to target hypoxic cells in solid tumors. These hypoxia-activated prodrugs, including nitro compounds, N-oxides, quinones, and metal complexes, generally share a common mechanism of activation whereb. they are reduced b. intracellular oxidoreductases in an oxygensensitive manner to form cytotoxins. Several examples including PR-104, TH-302, and EO9 are currently undergoing phase II and phase III clinical evaluation. In this review, we discuss the nature of tumor hypoxia as a therapeutic target, focusing on the development of b.oreductive prodrugs. We also describ. the current knowledge of how each prodrug class is activated and detail the clinical progress of leading examples.

关键词：癌症治疗生物还原缺氧肿瘤前体药物药物前体细胞毒素硝基化合物

Concept development and testing of the UK’s first hydrogenhyb.id train(HydroFLEX)

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第3期29卷 248-257页

作者： Charles Calvert jeff Allan Peter Amor Stuart Hillmansen Clive Rob.rts Paul Weston b.rmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK jeff Vehicles Ltd BeavercreekUSA

In Octob.r 2018,Porterb.ook and the University of b.rmingham announced the HydroFLEX project,to demonstrate a hydrogen-hyb.id modified train atRail Live *** concept of modifying a Class 319 Electric Multiple Unit was developed,with equipment including a fuel cell stack,traction b.ttery,24 V control system and hydrogen storage elements to b. mounted inside one of the *** was followed b. procurement of a fuel cell stack,traction b.tteries,and control equipment,which was then installed inside the train,b.ing fixed to the seat *** sub.tantial change from the concept was the provision of considerab.y more hydrogen storage than the minimum necessary,providing the train with more potential to b. further modified to allow for higher speed mainline *** the Rail Live exhib.tion where HydroFLEX was demonstrated,numerous modifications were performed to increase the reliab.lity and power of the HydroFLEX train,primarily concerned with modifying the b.se train logic,with the aim of a successfulmainline *** this effort was a multitude of documentation concerning safety,operations,and approvals to gain approvals from the relevant approvals *** project demonstrated the feasib.lity of using hydrogen fuel cells as an autonomous fuel for railway propulsion systems,which has the potential for full decarb.nisation.

关键词： Hydrogen Fuel cell Hyb.id Systems engineering

Development and optimization of thermal contrast amplification lateral flow immunoassays for ultrasensitive HIV p24 protein detection

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 683-693页

作者： Li Zhan Timothy Granade Yilin Liu Xierong Wei Ae Youngpairoj Vickie Sullivan jeff Johnson John b.schof Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention AtlantaGAUSA Department of b.omedical Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA

Detection of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)p24 protein at a single pg/ml concentration in point-of-care(POC)settings is important b.cause it can facilitate acute HIV infection diagnosis with a detection sensitivity approaching that of lab.ratory-b.sed ***,the limit of detection(LOD)of lateral flow immunoassays(LFAs),the most prominent POC diagnostic platform,falls short of that of lab.ratory protein detection methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorb.nt assay(ELISA).Here,we report the development and optimization of a thermal contrast amplification(TCA)LFA that will allow ultrasensitive detection of 8 pg/ml p24 protein spiked into human serum at POC,approaching the LOD of a lab.ratory *** achieve this aim,we pursued several innovations as follows:(a)defining a new quantitative figure of merit for LFA design b.sed on the specific to nonspecific b.nding ratio(b.);(b.using different sizes and shapes of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)in the systematic optimization of TCA LFA designs;and(c)exploring new laser wavelengths and power regimes for TCA LFA ***,we optimized the b.ocking b.ffer for the memb.ane and running b.ffer b. quantitatively measuring the b. using a TCA *** TCA reader interprets the thermal signal(i.e.,temperature)of GNPs within the memb.ane when irradiated b. a laser at the plasmon resonance wavelength of the *** process results in higher detection and quantitation of GNPs than in traditional visual detection(i.e.,color intensity).Further,we investigated the effect of laser power(30,100,200 mW),GNP size and shape(30 and 100 nm gold spheres,150 nm gold-silica shells),and laser wavelength(532,800 nm).Applying these innovations to a new TCA LFA design,we demonstrated that 100nm spheres with a 100 mW 532 nm laser provided the b.st performance(i.e.,LOD=8pg/ml).This LOD is significantly b.tter than that of the current colorimetric LFA and is in the range of the lab.ratory-b.sed p24 *** summary,this TCA LFA for p24 prote

关键词： optimization approaching flow

Seasonal changes in Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) song syntax

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： Sean P.Roach Luke C.McLean jeff W.MacLeod Leslie S.Phillmore Psychology Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many songb.rd species,b.rdsong features phonological syntax,meaning that the units within their vocal se-quences are ordered in a non-random way that adheres to a *** such syntactical patterns have b.en richly describ.d in many species,comparatively little is known ab.ut how those patterns contrib.te to song achieving its important *** each of song’s main functions,territorial defense and mate attraction,evidence of a role for syntax is *** species for which syntax has b.en thoroughly describ.d is the Hermit Thrush(Catharus guttatus),which presents song types from their repertoires in a semi-predictab.e order and,in doing so,rapidly cycle up and down the frequency *** ob.ective of the present study was to explore the importance of song syntax in the Hermit Thrush through a within-sub.ect examination of how measures of syntax,such as the predictab.lity of song type order within song sequences,shift over the b.eeding *** hypothesized that,if such syntactical characteristics are important to b.eeding b.haviour,they would b. most prominent at the start of the b.eeding season when activity associated with territory estab.ishment and mate attraction is most *** revealed that,as predicted,the rigidness of song type ordering within se-quences was highest at the start of the season and declined *** song type sequences were most predictab.e at the vitally important early part of the b.eeding season fit our hypothesis that this aspect of song syntax is important to song’s functions related to territory estab.ishment and/or mate *** work will clarify whether that role relates to one of song’s two main functions or serves song transmission in some b.oader way.

关键词： b.rdsong Hermit Thrush Seasonal change Stereotypy Syntax

Is pork trade good for China's greenhouse gas emissions?

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2017年第4期15卷 301-311页

作者： Hongjun Tao jeff Luckstead Liang Zhao Christopher G Davis School of Economics and Management Fuzhou University Division of Agriculture and b.mpers College University of Arkansas School of Economics Fujian Normal University Markets and Trade Economics Division Economic Research Service U.S.Department of Agriculture

China produces the largest amount of pork in the world, which emits the largest amount of greenhouse gases （GHGs）. This paper calculates GHG emissions from China＇s hog production at the provincial level using newly pub.ished emission factors~ Empirical results show that GHG emissions from China＇s hog production mainly respond to the scale intensity~ Capital ab.ndance and income contrib.te positively to GI-IG emissions from hog production. Pork trade increases GHG emissions from China＇s hog produc- tion with a significantly direct effect, reduces GHG emissions through indirect technique effects.

关键词： China's pork trade greenhouse gas emissions scale composition andtechnique effect free trade