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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第13期9卷 3194-3199页

作者： Hyeok Gyu kwon Jeong-Hee Yang jee-hyun kwon Dongseok Yang Department of Physical Therapy College of Health ScienceEulji UniversitySanseong-daero 13135Gyeonggi-doSouth Korea Department of Plastic Surgery Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalJongno-gu 03080SeoulSouth Korea Department of Neurology University of Ulsan College of MedicineUlsan University HospitalDong-gu 44033UlsanSouth Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Ulsan College of MedicineUlsan University HospitalDong-gu 44033UlsanSouth Korea

BACKGROUND It is difficult to restore the cognitive functions of patients with impaired cognition caused by brain injury.Diffusion tensor imaging can visualize the integrity of neural tracts in the white matter(WM)three-dimensionally.It is unclear whether encephalitis following scrub typhus damages the WM.For the first time,we aimed to report diffusion tensor tractography(DTT)findings in a chronic patient with cognitive impairment following scrub typhus encephalitis,which revealed injury to the Papez circuit of the WM.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old male patient was affected by encephalitis caused by scrub typhus that occurred 23 years ago.He had poor cognition and his clinical examination findings were as follows:Mini-Mental Status Examination score,14;and handgrip strength(right/left,kg),32.3/31.3.DTT revealed serious injuries of the left thalamocingulate tract and right mammillothalamic tract in the Papez circuit,and a partial injury of the anterior part of the fornix.CONCLUSION Using DTT,we found a relationship between cognitive impairment and the integrity of the Papez circuit following scrub typhus.

关键词： Diffusion tensor imaging Scrub typhus Encephalitis White matter Papez circuit Cognition Case report

White matter changes in 80 mild cognitive impairment patients using magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第9期4卷 654-658页

作者： hyun Cho jee-hyun kwon Sun-Young Kim Department of Neurology Ulsan University Hospital

BACKGROUND： Many studies have suggested that one possible etiology of mild cognitive impairment is small vessel cerebrovascular disease, which is associated with small subcortical infarcts and white matter abnormalities. These white matter changes have been detected as white matter hyperintensity （WMH） using magnetic resonance imaging. WMH may be associated with frontal lobe dysfunction. OBJECTIVE： To examine white matter changes in mild cognitive impairment patients of different subtypes, and to evaluate the correlation between white matter changes and neuropsychological characteristics, demographic information, vascular risk factors, and mild cognitive impairment subtypes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The neurophysiological, comparison study was performed at the Department of Neurology Memory Clinic, Ulsan University Hospital, South Korea, between March 2007 and March 2008. PARTICIPANTS： Out of a total of 83 subjects with clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment at the out-patient clinic, 3 subjects with severe WMH were excluded. A total of 80 subjects were included in this study. No patients suffered from cognitive impairment induced by neurological diseases, mental disorders, or somatic diseases. In accordance with magnetic resonance imaging results, the patients were assigned to two subtypes： 56 subjects without WMH and 24 subjects with WMH. METHODS： All patients were subjected to a standard neuropsychological battery using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating, and comprehensive Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery. The Clinical Dementia Rating reflected general cognitive function of patients. Results from the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery reflected attention, language function, visuospatial function, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, long-term memory, and frontal/executive function. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to map changes in the brain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The association between various white matter changes and neuropsychologica

关键词： mild cognitive impairment cerebrovascular disease white matter hyperintensity frontal/executive dysfunction

Comparative effectiveness of combined antiplatelet treatments in acute minor ischaemic stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第1期7卷 13-21页

作者： Shina Kim Joon-Tae Kim Ji Sung Lee Beom Joon Kim Jong-Moo Park Kyusik Kang Soo Joo Lee Jae Guk Kim Jae-Kwan Cha Dae-hyun Kim Tai Hwan Park Sang-Soon Park Kyung Bok Lee Jun Lee Keun-Sik Hong Yong-Jin Cho Hong-Kyun Park Byung-Chul Lee Kyung-Ho Yu Mi Sun Oh Dong-Eog Kim Wi-Sun Ryu Jay Chol Choi jee-hyun kwon Wook-Joo Kim Dong-Ick Shin Sung-Il Sohn Jeong-Ho Hong Man-Seok Park Kang-Ho Choi Ki-hyun Cho Juneyoung Lee Hee-Joon Bae Department of Neurology Chonnam National University HospitalChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuKorea Clinical Research Center Asan Institute for Life SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Neurology Cerebrovascular CenterSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea Department of Neurology Uijeongbu Eulji Medical CenterEulji University School of MedicineUijeongbu-siKorea Department of Neurology Nowon Eulji Medical CenterEulji UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Neurology Eulji University HospitalEulji UniversityDaejeonKorea Department of Neurology Dong-a UniversityBusanKorea Department of Neurology Seoul Medical CenterSeoulKorea Department of Neurology Soonchunhyang University HospitalSeoulKorea Department of Neurology Yeungnam University HospitalDaeguKorea Department of Neurology Inje University Ilsan Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineGoyangKorea Department of Neurology Hallym University Sacred Heart HospitalAnyangKorea Department of Neurology Dongguk University Ilsan HospitalGoyangKorea Department of Neurology Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University School of MedicineJejuKorea Department of Neurology University of Ulsan College of MedicineUlsanKorea Department of Neurology Chungbuk National University HospitalCheongjuKorea Department of Neurology Keimyung University Dongsan Medical CenterDaeguKorea Department of Biostatistics Korea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background No study has thoroughly compared the effectiveness of combined antiplatelet treatments(other than clopidogrel–aspirin)versus clopidogrel–aspirin or aspirin alone for early secondary prevention in acute ischaemic stroke.Methods We identified patients with acute,minor,non-cardiogenic ischaemic stroke treated with aspirin alone,clopidogrel–aspirin or other combination treatment.Propensity scores considering the inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to adjust for baseline imbalances.The primary outcome was the composite of all strokes(ischaemic or haemorrhagic),myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality at 3 months.Results Among 12234 patients(male:61.9%;age:65.5±13 years)who met the eligibility criteria,aspirin,clopidogrel–aspirin and other combination treatments were administered in 52.2%,42.9%and 4.9%of patients,respectively.In the crude analysis,the primary outcome event at 3 months occurred in 14.5%of the other combination group,14.4%of the aspirin group and 13.0%of the clopidogrel–aspirin group.In the weighted Cox proportional hazards analysis,the 3-month primary outcome event occurred less frequently in the clopidogrel–aspirin group than in the other combination group(weighted HR:0.82(0.59–1.13)),while no association was found between the aspirin group(weighted HR:1.04(0.76–1.44))or other combination group and the 3-month primary outcome.Conclusion Other combined antiplatelet treatment,compared with aspirin alone or clopidogrel–aspirin,was not associated with reduced risks of primary composite vascular events or recurrent stroke during the first 3 months after stroke.Therefore,the results suggest that other combination treatments,particularly the cilostazol-based combination,may not be effective alternatives for clopidogrel–aspirin to prevent early vascular events in patients with acute minor stroke.Further exploration in clinical trials will be needed.

关键词： prevention treatment alone

Novel Rifle Number Recognition Based on Improved YOLO in Military Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 249-263页

作者： hyun kwon Sanghyun Lee Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoulKorea Graduate School of Information Security Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea

Deep neural networks perform well in image recognition,object recognition,pattern analysis,and speech recog-nition.In military applications,deep neural networks can detect equipment and recognize objects.In military equipment,it is necessary to detect and recognize rifle management,which is an important piece of equipment,using deep neural networks.There have been no previous studies on the detection of real rifle numbers using real rifle image datasets.In this study,we propose a method for detecting and recognizing rifle numbers when rifle image data are insufficient.The proposed method was designed to improve the recognition rate of a specific dataset using data fusion and transfer learningmethods.In the proposed method,real rifle images and existing digit images are fusedas trainingdata,andthe final layer is transferredto theYolov5 algorithmmodel.The detectionand recognition performance of rifle numbers was improved and analyzed using rifle image and numerical datasets.We used actual rifle image data(K-2 rifle)and numeric image datasets,as an experimental environment.TensorFlow was used as the machine learning library.Experimental results show that the proposed method maintains 84.42% accuracy,73.54% precision,81.81% recall,and 77.46% F1-score in detecting and recognizing rifle numbers.The proposed method is effective in detecting rifle numbers.

关键词： Machine learning deep neural network rifle number recognition detection

Enhancing Identity Protection in Metaverse-Based Psychological Counseling System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 617-632页

作者： Jun Lee Hanna Lee Seong Chan Lee hyun kwon Department of Game Software Hoseo UniversityAsan-si31499Korea Yatav Enter Seoul04799Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoul01805Korea

Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the counselor.This study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face counseling.The proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their identity.Additionally,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse environment.The system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse environments.The performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone configurations.Moreover,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point scale.This indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling approaches.Additionally,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological counseling.The proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.

关键词： Metaverse counseling system face tracking identity protection

Laser‑Induced and MOF‑Derived Metal Oxide/Carbon Composite for Synergistically Improved Ethanol Sensing at Room temperature

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 210-220页

作者： Hyeongtae Lim Hyeokjin kwon Hongki Kang Jae Eun Jang Hyuk‑Jun kwon Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science DGISTDaegu 42988South Korea Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction DGISTDaegu 42988South Korea

Advancements in sensor technology have significantly enhanced atmospheric monitoring.Notably,metal oxide and carbon(MO_(x)/C)hybrids have gained attention for their exceptional sensitivity and room-temperature sensing performance.However,previous methods of synthesizing MO_(x)/C composites suffer from problems,including inhomogeneity,aggregation,and challenges in micropatterning.Herein,we introduce a refined method that employs a metal–organic framework(MOF)as a precursor combined with direct laser writing.The inherent structure of MOFs ensures a uniform distribution of metal ions and organic linkers,yielding homogeneous MO_(x)/C structures.The laser processing facilitates precise micropatterning(<2μm,comparable to typical photolithography)of the MO_(x)/C crystals.The optimized MOF-derived MO_(x)/C sensor rapidly detected ethanol gas even at room temperature(105 and 18 s for response and recovery,respectively),with a broad range of sensing performance from 170 to 3,400 ppm and a high response value of up to 3,500%.Additionally,this sensor exhibited enhanced stability and thermal resilience compared to previous MOF-based counterparts.This research opens up promising avenues for practical applications in MOF-derived sensing devices.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Metal oxide Carbon composite Laser Gas sensor

Capsosiphon fulvescens suppresses LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 murine macrophages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 115-126页

作者： Seon Yeong Ji EunJin Bang hyun Hwangbo Min Yeong Kim Da Hye Kim Su hyun Hong Shin-hyung Park Chang-Young kwon Gi-Young Kim You-Jin Jeon Suengmok Cho Yung hyun Choi Department of Biochemistry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases and Anti-Aging Research Center Dong-eui UniversityBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Pathology Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Marine Life Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Technology/Institute of Food Science Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens(C.fulvescens)ethanolic extract on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW296.7 macrophages.Methods:The protective effects of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages were assessed using biochemical analysis,including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blot analysis.To examine reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,flow cytometry analysis,and immunofluorescence staining were used.Furthermore,the modulatory effect of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on NF-κB activation was investigated.Results:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and notably reduced the secretion and mRNA levels of LPS-mediated matrix metalloproteinases.In addition,C.fulvescens ethanolic extract decreased ROS production and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusions:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract alleviates inflammation as well as oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.C.fulvescens can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.

关键词： Capsosiphon fulvescens Inflammation Oxidative stress NF-κB Nrf2 TLR4

Generation of double knockout cattle via CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein(RNP)electroporation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 456-462页

作者： Gyeong-Min Gim Kyeong-Hyeon Eom Dong-Hyeok kwon Dae-Jin Jung Dae-hyun Kim Jun-Koo Yi Jae-Jung Ha Ji-hyun Lee Seong-Beom Lee Woo-Jae Son Soo-Young Yum Won-Wu Lee Goo Jang Laboratory of Theriogenology and Biotechnology Department of Veterinary Clinical ScienceCollege of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea LARTBio Co. Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea Gyeongsangbukdo Livestock Research Institute YeongjuRepublic of Korea Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Background Genome editing has been considered as powerful tool in agricultural fields.However,genome editing progress in cattle has not been fast as in other mammal species,for some disadvantages including long gestational periods,single pregnancy,and high raising cost.Furthermore,technically demanding methods such as microinjection and somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT)are needed for gene editing in cattle.In this point of view,electroporation in embryos has been risen as an alternative.Results First,editing efficiency of our electroporation methods were tested for embryos.Presence of mutation on embryo was confirmed by T7E1 assay.With first combination,mutation rates for MSTN and PRNP were 57.6%±13.7%and 54.6%±13.5%,respectively.In case of MSTN/BLG,mutation rates were 83.9%±23.6%for MSTN,84.5%±18.0%for BLG.Afterwards,the double-KO embryos were transferred to surrogates and mutation rate was identified in resultant calves by targeted deep sequencing.Thirteen recipients were transferred for MSTN/PRNP,4 calves were delivered,and one calf underwent an induction for double KO.Ten surrogates were given double-KO embryos for MSTN/BLG,and four of the six calves that were born had mutations in both genes.Conclusions These data demonstrated that production of genome edited cattle via electroporation of RNP could be effectively applied.Finally,MSTN and PRNP from beef cattle and MSTN and BLG from dairy cattle have been born and they will be valuable resources for future precision breeding.

关键词： Beta-lactoglobulin Cattle CRISPR-Cas9 Electroporation Knockout MSTN PRNP

An Experimental Study on Response and Control of a Flapping-Wing Aerial Robot Under Wind Gusts

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 209-223页

作者： Kazuki Shimura Hikaru Aono Chang-kwon Kang Graduate School of Science and Technology Shinshu University3-15-1 TokidaUedaNagano 3868567Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics 3-15-1 TokidaUedaNagano 3868567Japan Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Alabama in HuntsvilleTechnology Hall N266HuntsvilleAL35899USA

Bioinspired flapping-wing micro-air-vehicles(FWMAVs)have the potential to be useful aerial tools for gathering information in various environments.With recent advancements in manufacturing technologies and better understanding of aerodynamic mechanisms behind of the flapping flight,outdoor flights have become a reality.However,to fully realize the potential of FWMAVs,further improvements are necessary,particularly in terms of stability and robustness under gusty conditions.In this study,the response and control of a tailless two-winged FWMAV under the wind gusts are investigated.Physical experiments are conducted with a one-degree-of-freedom gimbal to focus on effects of wind gusts on the rotational motion of the FWMAV.Proportional-derivative and sliding-mode controls are adopted for the attitude control.Results present that the body angles changed in time and reached approximately 50°at the maximum due to the wing gusts.The sliding-mode controller can more effectively control the rotational angle in the presence of disturbances and both the wing speed and changes in wind speed have an impact on the effectiveness of attitude control.These results contribute to the development of of tailless two-winged,single-motor driven FWMAVs in terms of the design of attitude controller and testing apparatus.

关键词： Flapping-wing micro-air vehicles Sliding-mode control Pitch and roll angle-Wind gus

Recent progress and future directions of the research on nanoplastic-induced neurotoxicity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 331-335页

作者： Seung-Woo Han Jinhee Choi kwon-Yul Ryu Department of Life Science University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea School of Environmental Engineering University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea

Many types of plastic products,including polystyrene,have long been used in commercial and industrial applications.Microplastics and nanoplastics,plastic particles derived from these plastic products,are emerging as environmental pollutants that can pose health risks to a wide variety of living organisms,including humans.However,it is not well understood how microplastics and nanoplastics affect cellular functions and induce stress responses.Humans can be exposed to polystyrene-microplastics and polystyrene-nanoplastics through ingestion,inhalation,or skin contact.Most ingested plastics are excreted from the body,but inhaled plastics may accumulate in the lungs and can even reach the brain via the nose-to-brain route.Small-sized polystyrene-nanoplastics can enter cells by endocytosis,accumulate in the cytoplasm,and cause various cellular stresses,such as inflammation with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production,oxidative stress with generation of reactive oxygen species,and mitochondrial dysfunction.They induce autophagy activation and autophagosome formation,but autophagic flux may be impaired due to lysosomal dysfunction.Unless permanently exposed to polystyrene-nanoplastics,they can be removed from cells by exocytosis and subsequently restore cellular function.However,neurons are very susceptible to this type of stress,thus even acute exposure can lead to neurodegeneration without recovery.This review focuses specifically on recent advances in research on polystyrene-nanoplastic-induced cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity.Furthermore,in this review,based on mechanistic studies of polystyrene-nanoplastics at the cellular level other than neurons,future directions for overcoming the negative effects of polystyrene-nanoplastics on neurons were suggested.

关键词： autophagy cellular stress cytotoxicity endocytosis exocytosis inflammation microplastics nanoplastics neurotoxicity oxidative stress polystyrene