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Advances in the Application of Single-Cell Transcriptomics in Plant Systems and Synthetic Biology

BioDesign Research 2024年第1期6卷 51-67页

作者： Md Torikul Islam Yang Liu Md Mahmudul Hassan Paul E.Abraham jean Merlet Alice Townsend daniel Jacobson C.Robin Buell Gerald A.Tuskan Xiaohan Yang Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA The Center for Bioenergy Innovation Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumkiPatuakhali 8602Bangladesh Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education University of Tennessee KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Center for Applied Genetic Technologies University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Institute of Plant Breeding Geneticsand GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA

Plants are complex systems hierarchically organized and composed of various cell *** understand the molecular underpinnings of complex plant systems,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has emerged as a powerful tool for revealing high resolution of gene expression patterns at the cellular level and investigating the cell-type ***,scRNA-seq analysis of plant biosystems has great potential for generating new knowledge to inform plant biosystems design and synthetic biology,which aims to modify plants genetically/epigenetically through genome editing,engineering,or re-writing based on rational design for increasing crop yield and quality,promoting the bioeconomy and enhancing environmental *** particular,data from scRNA-seq studies can be utilized to facilitate the development of high-precision Build-Design-Test-Learn capabilities for maximizing the targeted performance of engineered plant biosystems while minimizing unintended side *** date,scRNA-seq has been demonstrated in a limited number of plant species,including model plants(e.g.,Arabidopsis thaliana),agricultural crops(e.g.,Oryza sativa),and bioenergy crops(e.g.,Populus spp.).It is expected that future technical advancements will reduce the cost of scRNA-seq and consequently accelerate the application of this emerging technology in *** this review,we summarize current technical advancements in plant scRNA-seq,including sample preparation,sequencing,and data analysis,to provide guidance on how to choose the appropriate scRNA-seq methods for different types of plant *** then highlight various applications of scRNA-seq in both plant systems biology and plant synthetic biology ***,we discuss the challenges and opportunities for the application of scRNA-seq in plants.

关键词： application biology systems plant advances single-cell synthetic transcriptomics

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Hepatitis C virus genotypes distribution and transmission risk factors in Luxembourg from 1991 to 2006

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第8期14卷 1237-1243页

作者： Francois Roman Karin Hawotte daniel Struck Anne-Marie Ternes jean-Yves Servais Vic Arendt Patrick Hoffman Robert Hemmer Thérèse Staub Carole Seguin-Devaux jean-Claude Schmit Retrovirology Laboratory CRP-Santé 84 rue Val fleuri L-1526 Luxembourg Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg 4 rue Barblé L-1210 Luxembourg Centre Pénitentiaire de Luxembourg UmKuelebierg L-5299 Schrassig Luxembourg Retrovirology Laboratory CRP-Santé 84 rue Val fleuri L-1526 Luxembourg Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg 4 rue Barblé L-1210 Luxembourg

AIM： To analyze the Hepatitis C virus （HCV） genotype distribution and transmission risk factors in a population of unselected patients in Luxembourg.METHODS： Epidemiological information （gender, age and transmission risks） were collected from 802 patients newly diagnosed for hepatitis C and living in Luxembourg, among whom 228 patients referred from prison. Genotyping using 5＇noncoding （5＇NC） sequencing was performed. We compared categorical data using the Fisher＇s exact F-test and odds ratios （OR） were calculated for evaluating association of HCV genotype and risk factors.RESULTS： The sex ratio was predominantly male （2.2） and individuals aged less than 40 years represented 49.6% of the population. Genotype 1 was predominant （53.4%） followed by genotype 3 （33%）. Among risk factors, intravenous drug usage （IVDU） was the most frequently reported （71.4%） followed by medical-related transmission （17.6%） including haemophilia, transfusion recipients and other nosocomial reasons. Genotype 3 was significantly associated to IVDU （OR = 4.84, P 〈 0.0001） whereas genotype 1 was significantly associated with a medical procedure （OR = 2.42, P 〈 0.001）. The HCV genotype distribution from inmate patients differed significantly from the rest of the population （Chi-square test with four degrees of freedom, P 〈 0.0001） with a higher frequency of genotype 3 （46.5% vs 27.5%） and a lower frequency of genotype 1 and 4 （44.7% vs 56.8% and 5.3% vs 9.6%, respectively）. IVDU was nearly exclusively reported as a risk factor in prison.CONCLUSION： We report the first description of the HCV genotype distribution in Luxembourg. The repartition is similar to other European counties, with one of the highest European prevalence rates of genotype 3 （33%）. Since serology screening became available in 2992, IVDU remains the most common way of HCV transmission in Luxembourg.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Genotypes Luxembourg Risk factors Substance abuse Prisons

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Swallowing a safety pin:Report of a case

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2012年第1期4卷 20-22页

作者： Emmanuel Isaac Benizri Charlotte Cohen jean Marc Bereder Amine Rahili daniel Benchimol Department of General Surgery and Digestive Cancerology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice

Ingestion of a foreign body is a frequent and wellknown medical problem with several diagnostic and therapeutic ***,ingested foreign bodies pass through the alimentary tract without *** some cases,they can be lodged in the appendix and may cause *** report a case of a 29-year old woman,suffering from mental illness,with a safety pin lodged in the ***,the patient consulted for abdominal *** a period of waiting,during which time the foreign body did not move,a colonoscopy was performed but failed to see the safety ***,the patient underwent a laparoscopic *** examination showed an ulcerative appendicitis.

关键词： Appendectomy Appendix Foreign body Laparoscopy

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Prehypertension, Hypertension and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Adult Congolese Urban Dwellers: Results of the Vitaraa Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2014年第8期4卷 390-398页

作者： Mwasa Pascal Bayauli jean-Rene M’Buyamba-Kayamba daniel Lemogoum Robert Fagard jean Paul Degaute Mpandamadi Symphorien Ditu Bompeka Francois Lepira jean-Rene M’Buyamba-Kabangu Hypertension Unit/Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa HospitalKinshasaThe Democratic Republic of the Congo Division of Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa HospitalKinshasaThe Democratic Republic of the Congo Erasmus Hospital Brussels Free UniversityBrusselsBelgium Division of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Division of Nephrology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa HospitalKinshasaThe Democratic Republic of the Congo

Objective: To assess the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension, their determinants and associated cardiovascular risk factors in Congolese urban dwellers. Methods: From July 2007 to March 2008, we collected information on lifestyle habits, medical history and anthropometric data in 1292 household members of Adoula Quarter, Kinshasa, aged 20 years or more, 731 women (56.6%). We obtained measurements of BP, blood glucose, serum lipids and qualitative proteinuria. We defined blood pressure categories according to JNC7 classification and used logistic regression analyses to assess their independent determinants. We obtained age adjustment of continuous and categorical variables using GLM and Genmod procedures, respectively. Results: Prehypertension was observed in 30.3% of subjects, 34.9% of men and 26.7% of women (P = 0.0045). The prevalence of hypertension amounted to 30.9% with no difference between genders. Participants with prehypertension had average age, BMI and waist circumference intermediate between those with normal BP and hypertensive subjects. Their glucose and lipids levels were similar to those of normotensives. The prevalence of prehypertension amounted to 33% at age 20 - 29 years and decreased to 16.7% at ≥60 years whereas the prevalence of hypertension increased from 11.2% to 71.4%. The rates of diabetes mellitus were similar accross blood pressure catogo- ries whilst prevalences of overweight/obesity, abdominal adiposity, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome significatively increased (P = 0.05 or less). Among participants with prehypertension, 73% had two or more additional cardiovascular risk factors. In the logistic model the probability of prehypertension was higher in men (OR: 1.429;95% CI: 1.099 - 1.857) and participants with overweight/obesity (OR: 1.666;1.146 - 2.422), lower in participants aged ≥ 55 years (0.427;0.267 - 0.683) and those with high fruit intake (0.691;0.488 - 0.977). The probability of hypertension was higher in particip

关键词： Prehypertension Hypertension Cardiovascular Risk Factors Africans

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Quantification and pharmacokinetic study of tumor-targeting agent MHI148-clorgyline amide in mouse plasma using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第3期8卷 153-159页

作者： Zhijun Wang Bogdan Z.Olenyuk jean Chen Shih Jeffrey Wang Center for Advancement of Drug Research and Evaluation College of Pharmacy Western University of Health Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy Marshall B.Ketchum University Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy Department of Cell and Neurobiology Keck School of Medicine USC-Taiwan Center for Translational Research University of Southern California Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy Western University of Health Sciences

A high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric （HPLC- ESI-MS/MS） method was developed for the quantification of MHl148-clorgyline amide （NMl-amide）, a novel tumor-targeting monoamine oxidase A inhibitor, in mouse plasma. The method was validated in terms of sensitivity, precision, accuracy, recovery and stability and then applied to a pharmacokinetic study of NMl-amide in mice following intravenous administration. NMl-amide together with the internal standard （IS）, MHI-148, was extracted by protein precipitation using acetonitrile. Multiple reaction monitoring was used for quantification of NMl-amide by detecting m/z transition of 491.2-361.9, and 685.3-258.2 for NMl-amide and the IS, respectively. The lower limit of quantification （LLOQ） of the HPLC- MS/MS method for NMl-amide was 0.005 μg/mL and the linear calibration curve was acquired with R2〉 0.99 in the concentration range of 0.005-2μg/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions of the assay were assessed by percentage of the coefficient of variations, which was within 9.8% at LLOQ and 14.0% for other quality control samples, whereas the mean accuracy ranged from 86.8% to 113.2%. The samples were stable under storage and experimental conditions. This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in mice following intravenous administration of 5 mg/kg NMl-amide.

关键词： MH1148-clorgyline HPLC Mass spectrometry Pharmacokinetics

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HIV Treatment Cascade Assessment of a Community-Based Test and Start Model for Key Populations in Lagos State Nigeria: Where Are the Gaps?

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World Journal of AIDS 2018年第3期8卷 105-117页

作者： jean Njab Sylvia Adebajo George Eluwa Elizabeth Shoyemi Progress Osakwe Charles Eke daniel Offie Population Council Abuja Nigeria

Background: Community-based test and start (TAS) models have shown the potential to improve clinical outcomes for key populations because early access to treatment will have population level impact by reducing transmission through the promotion and provision of hassle-free quality HIV testing, on the spot ART initiation and unrestricted access to culturally competent health professionals. We assessed the effectiveness of a pioneer community-based test and start (TAS) model for key populations in Lagos along UNAIDS 90/90/90 cascade. Methods: Men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), and persons who inject drugs (PWID), >14 years of age were recruited through peer-referral for HIV testing services (HTS) at a community-based KP-friendly clinic in Lagos between June 2015 and September 2016. The clinic provides comprehensive HIV services, including HIV treatment. Those who test positive are enrolled and provided with TAS services. Using routine service data, we deployed descriptive cross tabulations at p < 5% to determine the performance along the 90/90/90 cascade. Results: In total, 8812 KPs comprising MSM (51.6%), FSW (32.7%) and PWID (15.7%) were tested during this period. About one-half (46.4%) were young KP (15 - 25 years). The majority (76.1%) were male, single (86.1%), almost all (99%) had at least primary school level education, and about one-quarter (25.1%) were employed. Among MSM, 506 (11.1%) tested positive, 276 (54.5%) were initiated on ART, of whom 155 conducted viral load testing and 88 (56.7%) had achieved viral suppression (<1000 copies per milliliter). Among FSW, 88 (3.1%) tested positive, only 28 (31.8%) were initiated on ART, of whom 15 conducted viral load testing and 9 (60%) achieved viral suppression. Among PWID, of 15 (1.1%) who tested positive, only 2 (13%) were initiated on ART and none had conducted viral load testing. Client satisfaction index was 96.1%. Conclusion: The current community-based model showed excellent capacity t

关键词： HIV Cascade Assessment

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Estimation of Curie Point Depth (CPD) across the Pan African Belt in Northern Cameroon from Aeromagnetic Data

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2020年第3期9卷 217-239页

作者： jean daniel Ngoh Théophile Ndougsa Mbarga Kevin Mickus Yara Tarek Tabod Charles Tabod Postgraduate School of Science Technology and Geosciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Advanced Teachers’ Training College University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Geography Geology and Planning Missouri State University Springfıeld MO USA Exploration Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo Egypt Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

The depth to the Curie isothermal point (CPD) was estimated using aeromagnetic data from northern Cameroon. The CPD was estimated using a two-dimensional power density spectral analysis of nineteen 30 × 30 km blocks over a series of Neoproterozoic lithologies associated with the Pan African orogeny. The results show that there are two main regions characterized by the CPD analysis: 1) Shallow depths (~6.37 - 10.09 km) which are located in several regions including the northern portions of the study area (toward the regions of Hina Marbak, Gawel and northern Moutouroua), the southeast (Kaele region), the south (Guider) and the southwest (Mayo Oulo), and 2) deeper depths (~10.68 - 13.72 km) are located in the northeast (Mindif) and southwest (southern Moutouroua, Guider and Bossoum). The shallow depths can be related to two tectonic regimes: 1) the West-Central African Rift System with northeast-trending strike-slip faults emanating from the Gulf of Guinea and 2) the Cameroon Volcanic Line. However, the ultimate source of these shallow regions is interpreted to be related to the Cameroon Volcanic Line based on low seismic velocities imaged by recent broadband seismic studies which are concentrated along the northeast-trending strike-slip faults. An additional finding using the CPD depths, a Curie isothermal temperature of 580°C and a one-dimensional heat flow model, was heat-flow values ranging from 105.68 to 227.63 mW/m2, which are above average global heat flow values and are therefore indicative of potential geothermal resources.

关键词： Magnetic Anomaly Spectral Analysis Curie Point Depth Geothermal Gradi-ent Heat Flow

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Performance of a Direct Injection of IC Engine on SVO and Biodiesel from Multiple Feedstocks

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2014年第8期2卷 1-13页

作者： Syndi Nettles-Anderson daniel B. Olsen Jerry J. Johnson jean-Nicolas Enjalbert Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Department Colorado State University Fort Collins USA Soil & Crop Sciences Department Colorado State University Fort Collins USA

Straight Vegetable Oil (SVO) is a promising biofuel with a low energy input to energy output ratio. Successful use of SVO in engines depends on engine performance, wear and emissions. This study focuses on short term engine emissions and performance. This research uses oils produced in Colorado as a full diesel fuel substitute in a modified single cylinder engine. This engine testing was conducted in the laboratory. The test engine was a Yanmar TF140E, which is naturally aspirated and uses low pressure (~140 bar) mechanical direct injection. The engine fuel system was modified to accommodate a 2-tank custom SVO kit. The SVO was heated to 75 °C. Fuel economy and emissions measurements were performed for petroleum diesel, four different vegetable oils (sunflower, canola, camelina, and soybean) and their biodiesel derivatives. Fuel mass flow, oxides of nitrogen (NOX), total hydrocarbons (THC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter were measured. No engine degradation was experienced through approximately 50 hrs of testing on SVO and 50 hrs of testing on biodiesel. Overall engine emissions for SVO and biodiesel, with the exception of THC for biodiesel, were higher than petroleum diesel. More favorable biofuel emissions comparisons to diesel are expected with other engine designs based on data from various literature sources. Data comparing raw and refined SVO indicate that refined vegetable oil produces lower particulate matter (PM) emissions. General trends were observed showing that oils with higher levels of polyunsaturated fats (e.g. C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3) produce higher levels of NOX and THC’s.

关键词： Straight Vegetable Oil Biodiesel Camelina Alternative Fuels Engine Performance Exhaust Emissions

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Epidemiological and Histological Profile of Cervical Cancer in Cameroon: About 2078 Cases

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第4期6卷 232-239页

作者： Engbang Ndamba jean Paul Tchente Nguefack Charlotte Owona Manga Léon Jules Simo Godefroy Essam Sime jean daniel Elono Fouda Andrée Michelle Essame Oyono jean Louis Hasigov Alan Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laquintinie Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon North-Ossetian State Medical Academy Vladikavkaz Russia Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Bio-Medical and Cancer Center of Bafoussam Bafoussam Cameroon Maroua Regional Hospital Maroua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Yaounde University Health Center Yaoundé Cameroon

Objective: To describe the epidemiological and histological aspects of cervical cancer in Cameroon. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive retrospective study carried out over a period of 10 years (2005-2014), on malignant tumors of the cervix observed at the laboratory of Anatomic Pathology in four regions (Center, Littoral, West, South-west). The studied parameters were frequency, age, sex, localization, histological type and the immuno-histochemical aspects. Results: A total of 2078 cases with an annual frequency of 20.78 cases were registered;the peak was reached in 2010 with 304 cases (14.62%). Cervical cancer was the main genital cancer affecting women with a percentage of 82.26%. The average age of the patients was 52.33 ± 12. 80 years old, with extremes from 22 to 93 years old. The age group from 40 to 59 had more than half of the cases, with 1094 cases (52.65%). The major histological types recorded were squamous cell cancer with 1687 cases (81.51%) and adenocarcinoma with 269 cases (12.95%). Conclusion: Cervical cancer is the chief genital cancer affecting female genital organs. The predominant histological types are squamous cell cancers.

关键词： Cancer Cervix Epidemiology Histopathology Cameroon

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尼罗河三角洲东北部的沉陷：速率、可能的原因及后果

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国外第四纪地质 1990年第1期 24-28页

作者： daniel jean Stanl

全新世河流相及海相沉积物堆积于尼罗河三角洲东北边缘的地堑状构造中。包括曼苏腊湖、塞得港和苏伊士运河北段的三角洲这一部分，自约7500年前以来，一直以高0．5厘米／年的速率迅速沉降着。沉降至少使尼罗河的四条主要支流转向流经这... 详细信息

全新世河流相及海相沉积物堆积于尼罗河三角洲东北边缘的地堑状构造中。包括曼苏腊湖、塞得港和苏伊士运河北段的三角洲这一部分，自约7500年前以来，一直以高0．5厘米／年的速率迅速沉降着。沉降至少使尼罗河的四条主要支流转向流经这一地区。到2100年时，该地区持续下沉和海面上升的共同效应将可能淹没三角洲北部平原的大部分地区。沿海地区的沉积物输入因阿斯旺高坝的建立而急剧减少，由此引起的连续下沉的影响很可能是巨大的，特别是对于塞得港甚至向内陆方向发展直到曼苏腊湖以南地区。

关键词：尼罗河三角洲沉降速率原因沉积作用侵蚀作用

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