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Acta Geochimica 2023年第6期42卷 1017-1034页

作者： Simon Pierre Mbola Ndzana Moise Christian Balla Ateba Germain Marie Monespérance Mboudou Moussa Nsangou Ngapna jean paul Sep Nlongang Solange Ipan Moise Bessong jean Bosco Olinga Joseph Mvondo Ondoa Sébastien Owona paul Bilong Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéIP.O.Box:812Yaounde´Cameroon Institute for Geological and Mining Research P.O.Box:4110NlongkakYaounde´Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box:24157DoualaCameroon Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceThe University of BueaP.O.Box:67BueaCameroon

The Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Yaounde Group on the northern edge of the Congo Shield in Central Africa were investigated to understand their provenance and depositional ***,geochemistry,and field evidence helped to subdivide the metasediments into paragneiss,mica schist,chlorite schist,and quartzite which were derived from greywacke,shale,quartz arenite,litharenite *** are immature with some mature samples,moderately weathered and reworked Neo-and Post-Archean *** earth element signatures(Chondrite Eu/Eu^(*)≤1),enrichment of light rare earth elements over the heavy ones,and the La/Sc ratio(>0.7)are compatible with those of the intermediate and felsic sources from the upper continental *** metasediments were deposited in the continental arc setting and have evolved during Proterozoic times according to the Wilson cycle to form the West Gondwana including NE Brazil.

关键词： West Gondwana North Equatorial orogenic belt Yaounde Group Neoproterozoic basin Geochemistry of metasedimentary rocks Geodynamic evolution

Optimized Adsorption of Small and Medium Molecules by a Biosorbent Based on Hevea Hulls

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第9期12卷 69-83页

作者： Djedjess Essoh Jules César Meledje Yapo Hermann Aristide Yapi David Léonce Kouadio Djamatchè paul Valéry Akesse Kolo Yeo Laboratoire des Sciences Physiques Fondamentales et appliques Ecole Normale Suprieure dAbidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire Mathmatiques physiques Chimie Physique UFR Environnement Universit Jean Lorougnon Gud Daloa Cte dIvoire

In the context of the recovery of agricultural waste, many researches have focused on the preparation of adsorbents from natural waste from fruit trees, egg shells, palm waste or sawdust. This work aims to optimize the preparation of a biosorbent from rubber hulls by studying its ability to adsorb small and medium molecules. The influence of parameters such as drying temperature (X1), particle size (X2), stirring time (X3) and sodium hypochloride mass (X4) was studied. The results indicate that the model used for biosorbent optimization on methylene blue and iodine index is significant. In addition, this model has greater adsorption capabilities on small molecules than with large molecules. Statistical analysis of the data shows that temperature is the most influential factor in the adsorption of small molecules. On the other hand, particle size has a significant influence on the adsorption of large molecules. The optimum biosorbent preparation values are 1.0 for drying temperature (X1), −1.0 for biosorbent grain size (X2), 1.0 for stirring time (X3) and 1.0 for sodium hypochloride mass (X4).

关键词： Optimization Biosorbent Methylene Blue Index Iodine Index Rubber Hulls

Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of an ACAZY Herbal Formula Used in Traditional Medicine to Treat Respiratory Infections

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Natural Science 2024年第9期16卷 131-145页

作者： Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga Bagora Bayala Abdoul Gilchrist Laurent Boly Madinatou Annick Ouédraogo Alida Raissa Boina Boubacar Yaro Florentina Badea Camélia Diguti Moumouni Koala Denise P. Ilboudo Charles Bavouma Sombié Pascal Nadembega jean-Marie Compaoré paul Darga Mahoukèdè Théodora Zohoncon Moussa Ouédraogo Aristide Traore Noufou Ouédraogo Florentina Matei Rasmane Semdé Sylvin Ouédraogo Jacques Simporé Innocent Pierre Guissou Laboratoire de Recherche-Dveloppement de Phytomdicaments et Mdicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomolculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Molculaire et de Gntique (LABIOGENE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Suprieure Koudougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Dveloppement du Mdicament (LADME) Centre de Formation de Recherche et dExpertises en Sciences du Mdicament (CEA-CFOREM) cole Doctorale Sciences de la Sant (ED2S) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Microbiologie Applique Universit des Sciences Agronomiques et de Mdecine Vtrinaire (UASMV) de Bucarest en Roumanie Bucharest Romania Dpartement de la mdecine traditionnelle Ministre de la Sant et de lHygine Publique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Universit Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

ACAZY is a plant formula used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso to treat respiratory infections. After phytochemical analysis, this study evaluated extracts’ anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial properties from the ACAZY recipe. Three extractions, an aqueous macerate (AM), an aqueous decoction (AD) and an hydroethanolic macerate (HEM) of the ACAZY recipe powder were carried out. Phytochemical screening of the extracts was carried out using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and the determination of phenolic compounds. The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed in vitro using pro-inflammatory enzyme inhibition tests. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant properties were also determined. The antibacterial activity was evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthracenosids, sterols and triterpenes in the extracts. The extracts inhibited pro-inflammatory enzymes by more than 40% at only 100 µg/mL. The extracts also showed potent antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration 1 mg/mL on Staphylococcus aureus and 2 mg/mL on Streptococcus pneumoniae. The extracts in the ACAZY formula have shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in vitro. The AD also showed an antibacterial activity. This justifies its use in traditional medicine to treat acute respiratory infections.

关键词： ACAZY Anti-Inflammatory Antioxidant Antibacterial In Vitro

Geochemical constraints on the origin and tectonic setting of the serpentinized peridotites from the Paleoproterozoic Nyong series,Eseka area,SW Cameroon

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Acta Geochimica 2020年第3期39卷 404-422页

作者： Philomene Nga Essomba Tsoungui Sylvestre Ganno Evine Laure Tanko Njiosseu jean Lavenir Ndema Mbongue Brice Kamguia Woguia Landry Soh Tamehe Jonas Didero Takodjou Wambo jean paul Nzenti Department of Earth Sciences University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 3412MessaYaoundeCameroon Department of Earth Sciences University of DschangP.O.Box.67DschangCameroon Key Laboratory of CBM Resources and Reservoir Formation Process Chinese Ministry of EducationChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116JiangsuChina

Serpentinized rocks closely associated with Paleoproterozoic eclogitic metabasites were recently discovered at Eseka area in the northwestern edge of the Congo craton in southern ***,we present new field data,petrography,and first comprehensible wholerock geochemistry data and discuss the protolith and tectonic significance of these serpentinites in the *** studied rock samples are characterized by pseudomorphic textures,including mesh microstructure formed by serpentine intergrowths with cores of olivine,bastites after *** constitutes almost the whole bulk of the rocks and is associated(to the less amount)with tremolite,talc,spinel,and ***-rock chemistry of the Eseka serpentinites led to the distinction of two *** 1 has high MgO(>40 wt%)content and high Mg#values(88.80)whereas Type 2 serpentinite samples display relatively low MgO concentration and Mg#values(50 ppm).This similarity,associated with the high Cr contents,spinel-peridotite protolith compositions and Mg/Si and Al/Si ratios imply that the studied serpentinites were formed in a subductionrelated *** U-shaped chondrite normalizedREE patterns of serpentinized peridotites,coupled with similar enrichments in LREE and HFSE,suggest the refertilized nature due to melt/rock interaction prior to *** on the results,we suggest that the Eseka serpentinized peridotites are mantle residues that suffered a high degree of partial melting in a subductionrelated environment,especially in Supra Subduction Zone *** new findings suggest that the Nyong series in Cameroon rep

关键词： Serpentinites Mantle peridotites Melt/rock interaction Paleoproterozoic suture zone Eseka area Nyong series Congo/Sao Francisco cratons

The Origin,Causes and Impacts of the 2013 Political Crisis in Central African Republic

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The Origin,Causes and Impacts of the 2013 Political Crisis i...

作者： jean-paul STEVE DARRYL KIRIMAT YAKOUROU GBEGBIYA 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

中非共和国(以下简称“中非”)的平民不断受到暴力犯罪的威胁。在除首都班吉以外的几乎所有地区,武装组织之间的战斗仍在继续。自2016年5月以来,武装组织发动的袭击,包括以前几乎没有发生过武装冲突的地区在内,已经造成数百人死亡,上万... 详细信息

中非共和国(以下简称“中非”)的平民不断受到暴力犯罪的威胁。在除首都班吉以外的几乎所有地区,武装组织之间的战斗仍在继续。自2016年5月以来,武装组织发动的袭击,包括以前几乎没有发生过武装冲突的地区在内,已经造成数百人死亡,上万人流离失所。中非当前的政治危机可以追溯到2013年3月24日,穆斯林团体塞雷卡叛军联盟推翻总统弗朗索瓦·博齐泽。塞雷卡的暴政导致了反巴拉卡组织的形成。目前中非国内局势暴力升级的根源不仅在于穆斯林和基督教社区之间的分歧,而且还在于各个武装组织之间经济利益和政治利益的变化。2017年5月,联合国维和特派团(MISCA)和联合国人权事务高级专员办事处调查发现,反巴拉卡和塞雷卡部队可能在2013-2016年间犯下战争罪和反人类罪。自2013年初以来,反巴拉卡组织和塞雷卡部队都针对平民使用了性暴力。

关键词：联合国维和武装组织中非危机任务

Uncertainty Reduction Through Data Management in the Development, Validation, Calibration, and Operation of a Hurricane Vulnerability Model

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第6期11卷 790-806页

作者： jean-paul Pinelli Josemar Da Cruz Kurtis Gurley Andres Santiago Paleo-Torres Mohammad Baradaranshoraka Steven Cocke Dongwook Shin College of Engineering and Science Florida Institute of TechnologyMelbourneFL 32901USA Civil and Coastal Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies(COAPS) Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA

Catastrophe models estimate risk at the intersection of hazard,exposure,and *** of these areas requires diverse sources of data,which are very often incomplete,inconsistent,or missing *** poor quality of the data is a source of epistemic uncertainty,which affects the vulnerability models as well as the output of the catastrophe *** article identifies the different sources of epistemic uncertainty in the data,and elaborates on strategies to reduce this uncertainty,in particular through identification,augmentation,and integration of the different types of *** challenges are illustrated through the Florida Public Hurricane Loss Model(FPHLM),which estimates insured losses on residential buildings caused by hurricane events in *** define the input exposure,and for model development,calibration,and validation purposes,the FPHLM teams accessed three main sources of data:county tax appraiser databases,National Flood Insurance Protection(NFIP)portfolios,and wind insurance *** data from these different sources were reformatted and processed,and the insurance databases were separately cross-referenced at the county level with tax appraiser *** FPHLM hazard teams assigned estimates of natural hazard intensity measure to each insurance *** efforts produced an integrated and more complete set of building descriptors for each policy in the NFIP and wind *** article describes the impact of these uncertainty reductions on the development and validation of the vulnerability models,and suggests avenues for data *** learned should be of interest to professionals involved in disaster risk assessment and management.

关键词： Catastrophe modeling Data augmentation and integration Florida Public Hurricane Loss Model(FPHLM) Uncertainty reduction Vulnerability model

Why Does Newton’s Apple Fall Vertically to the Ground: The Gravitation Code

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第13期7卷 1702-1711页

作者： jean-paul Auffray Ex: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University New York NY USA

No, Isaac Newton did not “explain” gravitation. What he did, and this certainly constituted all and by itself a great achievement, was to recognize (to “assert”) the universal character of gravitation: all material objects (bodies) attract each other by gravitation. But how does gravitation perform its deeds? This remained a mystery to Newton. In a “desperate move” at the end of his life, he introduced the concept of “Particles which are moved by certain active Principles [our emphasis]—such as is that of Gravity” he said. We resurrect this scheme, we provide it with a quantum structure—a stunning new insight into the workings of gravitation obtains.

关键词： Gravitation Newton Fatio de Duillier Ethereal Particles I-Meteons

The Absolute Certainty Principle (ACP) Revolutionizes Quantum Physics

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第16期7卷 2341-2346页

作者： jean-paul Auffray Ex Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University New York NY USA

When the ubiquitous quantum, acting as an active principle, generates meteons in the System of the World, the Absolute Certainty Principle (ACP) regulates the characteristics of their motion. This newly uncovered law of Nature suggests that the cosmos is filled with an “aether”, as Newton and others—even Einstein!—called it in their days, and explains quite simply why we stand erect vertically on the surface of the Earth and why the universe is in expansion.

关键词： Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Quantum Meteorites Absolute Certainty Principle Energy Gravitation Newton Einstein Universe Expansion

Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise at High Altitude in Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第6期16卷 597-608页

作者： Lukas Minder Markus Schwerzmann Thomas Radtke Hugo Saner Prisca Eser Matthias Wilhelm jean-paul Schmid Department of Cardiology Bern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland Center for Congenital Heart Disease Department of CardiologyBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland Epidemiology Biostatistics and Prevention InstituteUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Cardiology Clinic BarmelweidBarmelweidSwitzerland

Objective:To extend our knowledge on tolerance of acute high-altitude exposure and hemodynamic response to exercise in adolescents with congenital heart disease(AscCHD)without meaningful clinical or functional ***:A symptom limited cardiopulmonary exercise stress test and a non-invasive cardiac output measurement during steady state exercise were performed at 540 m and at 3454 m *** of acute mountain sickness were ***:We recruited 21 healthy controls and 16 AscCHD(59%male,mean age 14.7±1.1 years).Three subjects(2 controls,1 AscCHD)presented light symptoms of acute mountain sickness(dizziness and headache).During the symptom limited exercise test at lowland,control subjects showed a significantly higher power to weight index(3.5±0.6 W/kg vs.3.0±0.7 W/kg,p<0.001),heart rate(188.8±10.41/min vs.179.4±13.11/min,p<0.050)and ventilation(92.8±22.9 l/min vs.75.4±18.6 l/min,<0.050).At altitude,power to weight index only remained significantly higher in the control group(2.8±0.6 W/kg vs.2.6±0.6 W/kg,p<0.001).Pulmonary blood flow(PBF)at lowland showed no difference between the control and the AscCHD group,neither at rest(5.4±0.8 l/min vs.5.1±0.9 l/min,p=0.308),nor during the steady state test(10.6±2.4 l/min vs.10.5±2.0 l/min,p=0.825).At high altitude,PBF increased by 110%and 112%,respectively(12.8±2.32 l/min vs.12.5±3.0 l/min;intergroup difference:p=0.986).Conclusions:High altitude exposure was well tolerated in an unselected group of *** significant difference in the cardio-pulmonary adaptation to a control group was noted during a steady state *** of minor acute mountain sickness did occur,which should however not be misinterpreted as signs of hemodynamic maladaptation.

关键词： Adolescents with congenital heart disease high altitude non-invasive cardiac output measurement exercise

Archaea and the human gut:New beginning of an old story

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16062-16078页

作者： Nadia Gaci Guillaume Borrel William Tottey paul William O’Toole jean-Fran?ois Brugère EA-4678 CIDAM Clermont UniversitéUniversité d’AuvergneF-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance School of Microbiology and Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre University College CorkCorkIreland

Methanogenic archaea are known as human gut inhabitants since more than 30 years ago through the detection of methane in the breath and isolation of two methanogenic species belonging to the order Methanobacteriales, Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanosphaera stadtmanae. During the last decade, diversity of archaea encountered in the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has been extended by sequence identification and culturing of new strains. Here we provide an updated census of the archaeal diversity associated with the human GIT and their possible role in the gut physiology and health. We particularly focus on the still poorly characterized 7th order of methanogens, the Methanomassiliicoccales, associated to aged population. While also largely distributed in non-GIT environments, our actual knowledge on this novel order of methanogens has been mainly revealed through GIT inhabitants. They enlarge the number of final electron acceptors of the gut metabolites to mono- di- and trimethylamine. Trimethylamine is exclusively a microbiota-derived product of nutrients (lecithin, choline, TMAO, L-carnitine) from normal diet, from which seems originate two diseases, trimethylaminuria (or Fish-Odor Syndrome) and cardiovascular disease through the proatherogenic property of its oxidized liver-derived form. This therefore supports interest on these methanogenic species and its use as archaebiotics, a term coined from the notion of archaea-derived probiotics.

关键词： Human gut microbiota Methanogens Methanomassiliicoccus Methanomethylophilus Trimethylaminuria Trimethylamine Methane Cardiovascular disease Archaebiotics Probiotics