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Mass Screening Using Antigenic and Molecular Diagnostic Tests of COVID-19 in Bangui at the Beginning of the Second Wave in July 2021

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Clotaire Donatien Rafaï marie-Roseline Darnycka Belizaire Pierre Somse Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei Ernest Lango-Yaya Oscar Senzongo Luc Salva Hereidebona Ulrich Jeffrey Kotemossoua Rabbi Mermoz Senekian Simon Pounguinza Christian-Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alain Le Faou jean De Dieu Longo François-Xavier Mbopi-Keou Gérard Grésenguet Boniface Koffi National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic World Health Organization Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Health and Population Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Medicine Maieutic and Health Sciences University of Lorraine Pole Brabois Santé Nancy France Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroun

Objective: COVID-19 surveillance was established as early as March 2020 in the Central African Republic (CAR), after the WHO statement relating to the identification of several cases outside China. However, given the non-performing molecular biology technical platform in many developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the second wave promised to be surprising and formidable. In this context, a mass survey was launched in Bangui to determine the prevalence of COVID-19. Patients and Methods: From March 18 to April 2, 2021, a mass screening campaign took place in tourist places, companies and the main hospital infrastructures. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from participants with and without symptoms of Influenza-like illness (ILI) and stored in VTM tubes. The Ag (COVID-19) and RT-PCR tests were carried out in Bangui at the LNBCSP. The sequencing of RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 positives was carried out at the INRB. Results: We included 1480 participants of whom 33 (2.23%) were SARS-COV-2 positive, of whom 24 were male and 9 female. This sex difference was statistically significant (p = 0.012) as the sex ratio M/F was 1.09. Sampling sites located in the 1st arrondissement were the most prolific (p = 0.006) and were sequenced. In addition to the analysis of the 33 samples from the predefined sites under study, 17 control sequences from the provinces generated during the same period are added. We detected 2 Variants Of Concern (VOC) including the predominant B.1.620 (43.86%) followed by B.1.1.7 or Alpha (5.10%). Conclusion: The study showed the importance of surveillance and the availability of means of diagnosis of COVID-19. The identified risk factors were sex and sampling site. This study has shown the importance of setting up sentinel sites for COVID-19 surveillance in all regions of the country and the appropriate use of the anti-COVID-19 vaccine.

关键词： COVID-19 Variants Central African Republic

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Moisture-Induced Non-Equilibrium Phase Segregation in Triple Cation Mixed Halide Perovskite Monitored by In Situ Characterization Techniques and Solid-State NMR

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 185-194页

作者： Mohammad Ali Akhavan Kazemi Nicolas Folastre Parth Raval Michel Sliwa jean marie Vianney Nsanzimana Sema Golonu Arnaud Demortiere jean Rousset Olivier Lafon Laurent Delevoye G.N.Manjunatha Reddy Frédéric Sauvage Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides(LRCS) UMR CNRS 7314-Institut de Chimie de Picardie FR 3085Université de Picardie Jules Verne33 rue Saint LeuAmiens Cedex FR-80039France CNRS Centrale LilleUMR 8181UCCSUnitéde Catalyse et Chimie du SolideUniversité de LilleUniversitéd’ArtoisLille F-59000France UMR 8516-LASIRE-Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions la Réactivité et l’EnvironnementCNRSUniversitéde LilleLille F-59000France EDF R&D EDF LabBoulevard Gaspard MongePalaiseau 91120France

Environmental stability is a major bottleneck of perovskite solar *** a handful of studies are investigating the effect of moisture on the structural degradation of the *** mostly rely on ex situ experiments and on completely degraded samples,which restrict the assessment on initial and final *** combining in situ X-ray diffraction under controlled 85%relative humidity,and live observations of the water-induced degradation using liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy,we reveal two competitive degradation paths leading on one hand to the decomposition of state-of-theart mixed cation/anion(Cs_(0.05)(MA_(0.17)FA_(0.83))_(0.95)Pb(Br_(0.17)I_(0.83))_(3)(CsMAFA)into PbI_(2) through a dissolution/recrystallization mechanism and,on the other hand,to a non-equilibrium phase segregation leading to CsPb_(2)Br_(5) and a Cesium-poor/iodide-rich Cs_(0.05)-x(MA_(0.17)FA_(0.83))_(0.95)Pb(Br_(0.17-2y)I_(0.83)+2y)_(3) *** degradation mechanism is corroborated at atomic-scale resolution through solid-state ^(1)H and ^(133)Cs NMR *** to moisture leads to a film containing important heterogeneities in terms of morphology,photoluminescence intensities,and *** results provide new insights and consensus that complex perovskite compositions,though very performant as champion devices,are comparatively metastable,a trait that limits the chances to achieve long-term stability.

关键词： liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy moisture degradation perovskite stability phase segregation solid-state NMR

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Removing harvest residues from hardwood stands affects tree growth, wood density and stem wood nutrient concentration in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and oak (Quercus spp.)

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 147-159页

作者： Sanjoy Roy jean-Michel Leban Bernhard Zeller Gregory van der Heijden Arnaud Reichard marie-Christine Gehin Philippe Santenoise Laurent Saint-Andre INRAE BEFF-54000 NancyFrance IGN Laboratoire de l’Inventaire ForestierNancyF-54000France Universite de Lorraine AgroParisTechINRAESILVAF-54000 NancyFrance

Background:Higher exportation of harvest residues from forests due to increased demand for woody biomass,has reportedly diminished soil mineral resources and may lead to degraded tree nutrition as well as ***,as nutrients become less available in the soil,the remobilization of nutrients in biomass tissues(plant internal cycling)helps sustain tree *** study aims to quantify the impact of Removing Harvest Residues and Litter(RHRL)during five years on tree growth,wood density,and stem wood nutrient concentrations in young beech and oak forest ***:Our study found that,RHRL significantly decreased tree growth ring width by 14%,and wood density by 3%,in beech trees,in near bark *** also significantly reduced nutrient concentration in near bark and near pith areas of both studied ***,Na and S were found lower by 44%,76%,and 56%,respectively,in near bark area of beech *** near bark area of oak trees,K,Ca,Mg,Na,S,and Fe were lower by 20%,25%,41%,48%,41%,and 16%,respectively.K and Mg concentrations decreased more strongly in near pith area compared to near bark area suggesting internal translocation of these two ***:In beech trees,wood density proved to be an important factor while quantifying the effect of removing harvest residuals on tree growth and *** nutrient loss intensified the remobilization of nutrients con-tained in older tree rings(close to the pith)towards newly formed rings(close to bark).In our study,in beech trees,K was found to be the most recycled major *** results demonstrate the potential of such analysis for providing valuable insight into the effect of RHRL in premature stands on the physiological adaptive strategies of trees and an indication of soil fertility status.

关键词： Harvest residues Fagus sylvatica Quercus petraea Dendroecology Dendrochemistry Radial growth Wood density Tree growth Ring width Translocation

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Expert group syndrome at high altitude

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第3期4卷 215-218页

作者： jean-Paul Richalet marie-Anne Magnan Alice Gavet Pierre Lafère UniversitéSorbonne Paris Nord Laboratoire Hypoxie et PoumonUMR INSERM U1272BobignyFrance Institut National des Sports de l’Expertise et de la PerformancePôle médicalParisFrance Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève Département de médecine aiguëUnitéde médecine subaquatique et hyperbareGenevaSwitzerland Hôpitaux du Mont-Blanc Soins de suite et réadaptationChamonixFrance Universitéde Bretagne Occidentale Laboratoire ORPHYEA 44324BrestFrance HauteÉcole Bruxelles-Brabant(HE2B) EnvironmentalOccupationalAgeing(Integrative)Physiology LaboratoryBrusselsBelgium

During a training session for the university diploma of Mountain medicine delivered by University Sorbonne Paris Nord for medical doctors,one of the participants developed signs of maladaptation to high altitude at 3600 m,the severity of which was incorrectly *** was sparingly given by the patient(an anesthetist)to several of his colleagues and no one was in charge to collect clinical data,take a history,and provide appropriate *** combination of the absence of designation of a supervising doctor and the difficulty of communicating with the patient led to a lack of coordinated management and to an evolution of the symptoms towards severe acute mountain ***,the very rapid management of the patient and a rapid helicopter evacuation,as soon as the symptoms worsened towards the onset of a suspected high altitude cerebral and/or pulmonary edema,allowed rapid resolution without ***,medical,psychological,and managerial factors led to this Expert Group Syndrome.

关键词： Acute mountain sickness High altitude cerebral edema Psychology Group management

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Multiplexing technology for in vitro diagnosis of pathogens： the key contribution of phosphorus dendrimers

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Science China Materials 2018年第11期61卷 1454-1461页

作者： jean Pierre Majoral jean marie Francois Richard Fabre Alice Senescau Serge Mignani Anne-marie Caminade Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France LCC-CNRS Universite de Toulouse CNRS Toulouse France Dendris 31670 Labege France LISBP UMR CNRS 5504 INRA 792 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France Universite Paris Descartes PRES Sorbonne Paris Cite CNRS-UMR 860 Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicolgique 75006 Paris France

After the microbiology based on Pasteur's method and polymerase chain reaction(PCR), the diagnosis company named Dendris has proposed a third-generation of diagnosis enabling the search of a broad range of pathogens with strong sensitivity and specificity. This extraordinary profile was possible thanks to the use of phosphorus dendrimers for which various techniques of deposition on a given support were investigated and described and analyzed in this report.

关键词：聚合酶链反应微生物学发展现状医疗卫生行业

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Environmental photocatalysis:Perspectives for China

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第9期53卷 1831-1843页

作者： HERRMANN jean marie Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon UMR 5256 CNRS/Université Lyon1 2 Av.Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex

Photocatalysis is based on the double aptitude of the photocatalyst(essentially titania) to simultaneously adsorb reactants and absorb efficient *** photocatalysis is able to be efficient in Fine,"Green" and Environmental *** induces mild oxidations in the absence of water by generating active neutral atomic O* *** instance,the oxidation of 4-tert-butyl-toluene is 100% selective in *** water treatment,many toxic inorganic ions are oxidized in their harmless upper oxidized *** elimination of organic pollutants is the main field of water photocatalytic *** of aliphatic and aromatic pollutants are totally mineralized into CO2 and innocuous inorganic *** complex molecules,such as pesticides(herbicides,insecticides,fungicides,etc.) or dyes,are totally *** example of green chemistry is the total degradation of dyes in water,in particular for the azo-dyes,with 100% selective degradation of -N=N-azo-groups into *** is also active in the "bio-world" by killing bacteria(***,streptococcus,etc.) in water without *** pollutants can also be destroyed,especially all the VOC's(volatile organic compounds),providing certain air humidity enabling titania to produce cracking OH* *** chemical engineering reasons,the photocatalyst has to be fixed on a photo-inert *** these conditions,UV-irradiated titania-based photocatalysis could be applied to the elimination of air pollutants,VOC's,solvents,odors,chemicals,*** treatment has to be associated with water and solid waste treatment because of *** is conducted by covering water treatment ponds or lagunas by rafts on which large sheets of Ahlstrom paper are deposited,supporting titania associated with activated ***,virus AH5N2,a model virus close to H5N1,responsible for the avian flu could be totally *** is directly connected wi

关键词： photocatalysis green chemistry environmental chemistry air pollutants water pollutants solar energy China

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Criteria deemed important by ICU patients when designating a reference person

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2022年第4期2卷 268-273页

作者： jean-Pierre Quenot Nicolas Meunier-Beillard Eléa Ksiazek Caroline Abdulmalak Fiona Ecarnot jean-Baptiste Roudaut Pascal Andreu François Aptel marie Labruyère Marine Jacquier jean-Philippe Rigaud Department of Intensive Care University Hospital François MitterrandDijon 21000France Lipness Team INSERM Research Centre LNC-UMR1231 and LabEx LipSTICUniversity of BurgundyDijon 21000France INSERM CIC 1432 Clinical EpidemiologyUniversity of BurgundyDijon 21000France Espace de RéflexionÉthique Bourgogne Franche-Comté(EREBFC) Dijon 21000France DRCI USMRCHU Dijon BourgogneDijon 21000France Department of Intensive Care Centre Hospitalier William MoreyChâlon sur Saône 71000France Department of Cardiology EA3920University of Franche-ComtéUniversity Hospital BesanconBesancon 25000France Department of Intensive Care Centre Hospitalier de DieppeDieppe 76202France Espace de RéflexionÉthique de Normandie University Hospital CaenCaen 14000France

Background:We investigated the criteria that hospitalized patients in intensive care units(ICUs)deem important when designating relatives who are best qualified to interact with the caregiving ***:We conducted an exploratory,observational,prospective,multicenter study between March 1,2018,and October 31,2018,within two ICUs.A 12-item questionnaire was distributed to patients in the ICUs by the investigating *** were considered eligible if they had a good understanding of the French language and if they had not officially designated surrogates before ICU ***:Seventy-one patients whose average age was 63.9±17.3 years,of whom 21(29.5%)were females,completed the *** average Charlson comorbidity score was 2.5±2.4,and the average Simplified Acute Physiology Score(SAPS II)was 39.8±*** main etiology was respiratory infection(40.8%),followed by sepsis(23.9%).The most important criteria identified by patients when selecting reference persons were a good knowledge of the patient’s wishes and values,an emotional attachment to the patient,and being a family ***:Our findings reveal that ICU patients considered the following criteria to be critical when designating reference persons:knowledge of their wishes and the existence of emotional and family attachments.

关键词： Reference person Intensive care unit Questionnaire

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Geochemical characterization of the metasedimentary rocks of the Yaounde Group within the southernmost North Equatorial tectonic belt:insights into geodynamic evolution

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第6期42卷 1017-1034页

作者： Simon Pierre Mbola Ndzana Moise Christian Balla Ateba Germain marie Monespérance Mboudou Moussa Nsangou Ngapna jean Paul Sep Nlongang Solange Ipan Moise Bessong jean Bosco Olinga Joseph Mvondo Ondoa Sébastien Owona Paul Bilong Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéIP.O.Box:812Yaounde´Cameroon Institute for Geological and Mining Research P.O.Box:4110NlongkakYaounde´Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box:24157DoualaCameroon Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceThe University of BueaP.O.Box:67BueaCameroon

The Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Yaounde Group on the northern edge of the Congo Shield in Central Africa were investigated to understand their provenance and depositional ***,geochemistry,and field evidence helped to subdivide the metasediments into paragneiss,mica schist,chlorite schist,and quartzite which were derived from greywacke,shale,quartz arenite,litharenite *** are immature with some mature samples,moderately weathered and reworked Neo-and Post-Archean *** earth element signatures(Chondrite Eu/Eu^(*)≤1),enrichment of light rare earth elements over the heavy ones,and the La/Sc ratio(>0.7)are compatible with those of the intermediate and felsic sources from the upper continental *** metasediments were deposited in the continental arc setting and have evolved during Proterozoic times according to the Wilson cycle to form the West Gondwana including NE Brazil.

关键词： West Gondwana North Equatorial orogenic belt Yaounde Group Neoproterozoic basin Geochemistry of metasedimentary rocks Geodynamic evolution

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Development of a standardized in vitro approach to evaluate microphysical,chemical,and toxicological properties of combustion-derived fine and ultrafine particles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 104-117页

作者： Ana Teresa Juarez-Facio Clement Castilla Cecile Corbiere Helene Lavanant Carlos Afonso Christophe Morin Nadine Merlet-Machour Laurence Chevalier jean-marie Vaugeois Jerome Yon Christelle Monteil Normandie Univ UNIROUENUNICAEN ABTE76000 RouenFrance Normandie Univ UNIROUENINSA RouenCNRSCOBRA76000 RouenFrance Normandie Univ UNIROUENINSA RouenCNRSGPM-UMR663476000 RouenFrance Normandie Univ UNIROUENINSA RouenCNRSCORIA76000 RouenFrance

Ultrafine particles represent a growing concern in the public health community but their precise role in many illnesses is still unknown. This lack of knowledge is related to the experimental difficulty in linking their biological effects to their multiple properties, which are important determinants of toxicity. Our aim is to propose an interdisciplinary approach to study fine(FP) and ultrafine(UFP) particles, generated in a controlled manner using a mini CAST(Combustion Aerosol Standard) soot generator used with two different operating conditions(CAST1 and CAST3). The chemical characterization was performed by an untargeted analysis using ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. In conjunction with this approach, subsequent analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) was performed to identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH). CAST1 enabled the generation of FP with a predominance of small PAH molecules, and CAST3 enabled the generation of UFP, which presented higher numbers of carbon atoms corresponding to larger PAH molecules. Healthy normal human bronchial epithelial(NHBE) cells differentiated at the air-liquid interface(ALI) were directly exposed to these freshly emitted FP and UFP. Expression of MUC5AC, FOXJ1, OCLN and ZOI as well as microscopic observation confirmed the ciliated pseudostratified epithelial phenotype. Study of the mass deposition efficiency revealed a difference between the two operating conditions, probably due to the morphological differences between the two categories of particles. We demonstrated that only NHBE cells exposed to CAST3 particles induced upregulation in the gene expression of IL-8 and NQO1. This approach offers new perspectives to study FP and UFP with stable and controlled properties.

关键词： In vitro Air-liquid interface MiniCAST Fine and ultrafine particles Organic compounds OC/TC

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Synthesis of a novel macrocyclic ligand containing bipyridine units

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2000年第3期18卷 384-387页

作者：何永炳 LEHN jean-marie Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China

The 6-hydroxymethyl-6'-tetrahydropyranyloxymethyl-2, 2'-bipyridine (2) was synthesized by the reaction of 6,6'-dihydroxymethyl-2, 2'-bipyridine (1) with 3, 4-dihydroxypyran (DHP). ***-6'-iodomethyl-2, 2'-bipyridine (5) was obtained from mesylate and iodizating reaction of compound 2. The coupling of 2 and 5 followed by hydrolysis gave bis(6'-hydroxymethyl-2, 2'-bipyridine-6-methyl) ether (7). The macrocyclic ligand 8 was obtained by treating 7 and 6, 6'-dibromethyl-2, 2'-bipyridine. The synthetic conditions of the intermediate 2 and macocyclic ligand 8 were discussed.

关键词： azacrown ether bipyridine derivative macrocyclic ligand

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