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Populism as a Crisis of Democratic Legitimacy:With Some References to France and the United States

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第2期17卷 193-209页

作者： jean-marc Coicaud Law and Global Affairs Rutgers UniversityRutgersUSA Fudan Institute for Advanced Study in Social Sciences ShanghaiChina

Populism combines the following characteristics:a rejection of economic policies linked to globalization;a condemnation of political and economic elites perceived as allied,directly or indirectly,to globalization policies;a nationalist conception of the national interest;a mistrust of immigration,seen as a threat to identity;as for populism’s supporters,a rather popular sociological profile,and an electoral profile that tends toward the“hard right”(“droite dure”),without ruling out bridges to the“hard left”(“gauche dure”).Having said this,I propose to defend three theses:populism is not the solution to the problems of the countries where it is developing,whether in France,the United States or elsewhere;it would be dangerous,however,to ignore the crises of which populism is the product;it is essential to take the measure of the problems that favor its emergence and to try to provide answers to them.

关键词： Populism Democratic legitimacy Hard right Hard left

Pd_(20)Pt_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)P_(20)高熵金属玻璃的热稳定性和热塑成形性

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稀有金属材料与工程 2024年第1期53卷 1-7页

作者： Cardinal Sandrine Pelletier jean-marc Kato Hidemi 里昂大学里昂国立应用科学学院法国里昂F-69621 东北大学金属材料研究所日本仙台980-8577

采用差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射和热力学分析研究了Pd_(20)Pt_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)P_(20)高熵金属玻璃(HeMG)的热稳定性和热力学性能。结果表明,与其他经典贵金属基金属玻璃相比,Pd_(20)Pt_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)P_(20)HeMG具有相当的性能... 详细信息

采用差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射和热力学分析研究了Pd_(20)Pt_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)P_(20)高熵金属玻璃(HeMG)的热稳定性和热力学性能。结果表明,与其他经典贵金属基金属玻璃相比,Pd_(20)Pt_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)P_(20)HeMG具有相当的性能和鲜明的特点。

关键词：高熵合金金属玻璃热塑性成形结晶

Hf元素添加对CuZr基非晶合金动态弛豫的影响

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力学学报 2024年第8期56卷 2282-2293页

作者：朱凡邢光辉 jean-marc Pelletier 乔吉超西北工业大学力学与土木建筑学院西安710072 东莞市三航军民融合创新研究院广东东莞523808 INSA-Lyon MATEIS UMR5510F-69621 VilleurbanneFrance

考虑到非晶合金具有独特的无序微观结构,其表现出极为复杂的弛豫动力学特性.动态弛豫行为在非晶合金中普遍存在,深刻理解其机制对于解构非晶合金固有的非均匀微观结构至关重要.少量元素的添加是调控非晶合金微观结构有效手段之一.本研... 详细信息

考虑到非晶合金具有独特的无序微观结构,其表现出极为复杂的弛豫动力学特性.动态弛豫行为在非晶合金中普遍存在,深刻理解其机制对于解构非晶合金固有的非均匀微观结构至关重要.少量元素的添加是调控非晶合金微观结构有效手段之一.本研究以玻璃形成能力良好的Cu_(46)Zr_(47-x)Hf_(x)Al_(7)(x=0,8)非晶合金为模型合金,运用动态力学分析方法研究复模量随频率和温度的变化,进而探究Hf元素取代Zr元素对动态弛豫的影响.在动态力学频率谱中,借助准点缺陷理论阐明非晶合金在玻璃转变温度T_(g)以下处于等构型状态,准点缺陷浓度保持恒定;而在T_(g)以上,准点缺陷浓度随温度的上升呈线性增加.Hf元素的添加会降低玻璃体系等构型状态下的准点缺陷浓度,并抑制原子迁移能力.通过获取连续和离散的弛豫时间分布,直观展示了非晶合金的动力学非均匀性特征.在动态力学温度谱中,Hf元素的引入增加了玻璃体系的混合焓,抑制了β弛豫强度.进一步从内耗角度表明,Hf元素的引入不仅提高了与β弛豫相关的基本结构单元的激活难度,还增加了整个β弛豫过程的激活能.

关键词：非晶合金动态弛豫微合金化准点缺陷微观结构非均匀性

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经导管动脉栓塞术治疗肝癌:最新临床证据

临床与病理杂志 2015年第7期35卷 1209-1219页

作者： Yì-Xiáng J.Wáng Thierry De Baere jean-marc idée Sébastien Ballet 邓敏王毅翔 Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales HospitalShatin Gustave Roussy Department of Interventional Radiology Guerbet Division of Research & Innovation 香港中文大学医学院

对不能接受根治性治疗如肝移植、肿瘤切除术或经皮射频消融术(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)的肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者,经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(transarterial chemoembolization,TACe)或放疗栓塞术(transarterial radioembolization,TARe)是治疗的核心手段。近期研究证据显示:对于无血管侵犯、3 cm及以下单结节型HCC患者,TACe与肿瘤切除术及RFA后的5年总生存率相似。尽管已应用数十年,碘油(超液化碘油®,Lipiodol®Ultra Fluid,Guerbet,France)作为一种亲肿瘤性且不透射线的药物运输载体在肿瘤介入治疗中的地位依然重要。药物缓释微球(drug-eluting bead,DeB)是栓塞术中一种较新型的药物输送方式,既可维持药物浓度,也可持续释放抗癌药。现有三种DeB可供临床选择使用,即Tandem®(Celo Nova Biosciences Inc.),DC-Beads®(BTG,UK)和Hepa Sphere®(Bio Sphere Medical,Inc.,USA)。经动脉TARe已被证实可安全有效地运用于晚期肝癌及有肝血管侵犯的患者。两种放射性栓塞微粒可供临床选择使用,即SIR-Spheres®(Sirtex Medical Limited,Australia)和Thera Sphere®(BTG,UK)。本文总结肝癌经导管动脉治疗的关键临床试验。

关键词：经动脉化疗栓塞肝细胞癌药物缓释微球微球碘油放疗栓塞钇-90

Pulsed lavage in joint arthroplasty: A systematic review and metaanalysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 293-301页

作者： Mohammad Daher Gaby Haykal Marven Aoun marc Moussallem Ali Ghoul jean Tarchichi Amer Sebaaly Department of Orthopedics Saint Joseph UniversityBeirut 1001Lebanon

BACKGROUND Knee and hip osteoarthritis affects millions of people around the world and is expected to rise even more in frequency as the population *** arthroplasty is the surgical management of choice in these *** ossi-fication and radiolucent lines formation are two frequent problems faced in hip and knee replacements *** studies show that the usage of pulsed lavage may prevent their *** To compare pulsed lavage to standard lavage in joint *** PubMed,Cochrane,and Google Scholar(page 1-20)were searched till December *** comparative studies were *** clinical outcomes evaluated were the heterotopic ossification formation in hip replacements,radiolucent lines formation,and functional knee scores in knee *** Four studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this *** lavage was shown to reduce the formation of radiolucent lines(P=0.001).However,no difference was seen in the remaining outcomes CONCLUSION Pulsed lavage reduced the formation of radiolucent lines in knee *** difference was seen in the remaining ***,the clinical significance of these radiolucent lines is poorly *** conducted randomized controlled studies and cost-effectivity studies are needed to reinforce these findings.

关键词： Knee arthroplasty Hip arthroplasty Pulsed lavage Syringe lavage Heterotopic ossification Radiolucent lines

Compartmentalization of the inflammatory response during bacterial sepsis and severe COVid-19

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 326-340页

作者： jean-marc Cavaillon Benjamin G.Chousterman Tomasz Skirecki Institut Pasteur ParisFrance Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Lariboisière University HospitalDMU ParabolAPHP NordParisFrance Inserm U942 University of ParisParisFrance Department of Translational Immunology and experimental Intensive Care Centre of Postgraduate Medical EducationWarsawPoland

Acute infections cause local and systemic disorders which can lead in the most severe forms to multi-organ failure and eventually to death. The host response to infection encompasses a large spectrum of reactions with a concomitant activation of the so-called inflammatory response aimed at fighting the infectious agent and removing damaged tissues or cells, and the anti-inflammatory response aimed at controlling inflammation and initiating the healing process. Fine-tuning at the local and systemic levels is key to preventing local and remote injury due to immune system activation. Thus, during bacterial sepsis and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVid-19), concomitant systemic and compartmentalized pro-inflammatory and compensatory anti-inflammatory responses are occurring. Immune cells (e.g., macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and T-lymphocytes), as well as endothelial cells, differ from one compartment to another and contribute to specific organ responses to sterile and microbial insult. Furthermore, tissue-specific microbiota influences the local and systemic response. A better understanding of the tissue-specific immune status, the organ immunity crosstalk, and the role of specific mediators during sepsis and COVid-19 can foster the development of more accurate biomarkers for better diagnosis and prognosis and help to define appropriate host-targeted treatments and vaccines in the context of precision medicine.

关键词： Acute respiratory distress syndrome Bone marrow Cytokines Lungs Mucosa Vaccines

Irrigated Agriculture Facing the Challenge of Climate Change: Adaptation Strategies for Farmers in the Irrigated Perimeters of Môle Saint-Nicolas, Haiti

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 477-498页

作者： Frantz Mial jean-François Bissonnette marc-André Bourgault Meryem Qacami Department of Geography Laval University Quebec Canada

Môle Saint-Nicolas, like all other communes in the Republic of Haiti, faces increasing climate variability, impacting agricultural production and water resources. Consequently, there is a pressing need for adaptation to these climatic changes. This research aims to showcase the adaptation strategies deployed by farmers to cope with the increasing climate variability. Surveys were conducted through group and individual discussions with a randomly selected cohort of 150 farmers. Two types of analysis were performed: quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The findings reveal that farmers have perceived changes in rainfall patterns, temperature, wind, and their environment. These changes manifest as irregular rainfall, higher temperatures, prolonged drought periods, violent winds accompanied by rain, premature cessation of rains, and reduced flow from water sources. In response, the most common adaptation strategies adopted include selecting new cultivars, early-maturing varieties, crop rotation and diversification, canal dredging, new soil preparation methods, upstream water source protection, and micro-watershed management. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to enhancing farmers’ adaptive capacities by alerting stakeholders in the irrigated perimeters about the consequences of climate change, thereby incorporating the real needs of farmers in future projects.

关键词： Climate Change Perception Adaptation Agriculture Irrigated Perimeter

Predicting missing energy Performance Certificates:Spatial interpolation of mixture distributions

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energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 200-212页

作者： marc Grossouvre Didier Rullière Jonathan Villot Mines Saint-etienne CNRSUMR 6158 LIMOSInstitut Henri FayolDepartement GMIEspace Fauriel29 rue PonchardierSaint-Etienne42023France U.R.B.S.SAS Bâtiment des Hautes Technologie20 Rue Professeur Benoit LAURASSaint-Etienne42000France Mines Saint-etienne Univ Clermont AuvergneCNRSUMR 6158 LIMOSInstitut Henri FayolEspace Fauriel29 rue PonchardierSaint-Etienne42023France Mines Saint-etienne Univ LyonCNRSUniv Jean MonnetUniv Lumiere Lyon 2Univ Lyon 3 Jean MoulinENS LyonENTPEENSA LyonUMR 5600 EVSInstitut Henri FayolSaint-Etienne42023France

Mass renovation goals aimed at energy savings on a national scale require a significant level of public financial *** identify target buildings,decision-makers need a thorough understanding of energy *** Performance Certificates(ePC)provide information about areas of space,such as land plots or a building’s footprint,without specifying exact *** cover only a fraction of *** paper demonstrates that learning from observed ePCs to predict missing ones at the building level can be viewed as a spatial interpolation problem with uncertainty both on input and output *** Kriging methodology is applied to random fields observed at random locations to determine the Best Linear Unbiased Predictor(BLUP).Although the Gaussian setting is lost,conditional moments can still be *** are admissible,even with missing *** present applications using both simulated and real data,with a specific case study of a city in France serving as an example.

关键词： Climate governance energy efficiency Multi-scale processes Areal data Change of support

Detection of Burned Areas through Spectral Indices Analysis of Sentinel-2A Satellite Images in the Abokouamékro Wildlife Reserve (Central, Côte D’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 205-222页

作者： Bob Kouakou Kouadio Sié Ouattara Alain Clément jean-marc Gala Bi Zaouri jean-Luc Kouadio Kouassi jean-Luc edouard Kouakou N’guessan Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Communication et de l’Information (LSTCI) Institut National Polytechnique Houphou&#235t Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences Agronomiques et Génie Rural Institut National Polytechnique Houphou&#235t Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire ecole de Géomatique et du Territoire (eGT) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire LARIS SFR MATHSTIC Université d’Angers Angers France Centre Universitaire de Recherche et d’application en Télédétection (CURAT) UFR des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Botanique UFR Biosciences Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

In Côte d’Ivoire, the recurring and unregulated use of bushfires, which cause ecological damage, presents a pressing concern for the custodians of protected areas. This study aims to enhance our comprehension of the dynamics of burnt areas within the Abokouamékro Wildlife Reserve (AWR) by employing the analysis of spectral indices derived from satellite imagery. The research methodology began with the calculation of mean indices and their corresponding spectral sub-indices, including NDVI, SAVI, NDWI, NDMI, BAI, NBR, TCW, TCG, and TCB, utilizing data from the Sentinel-2A satellite image dated January 17, 2022. Subsequently, a fuzzy classification model was applied to these various indices and sub-indices, guided by the degree of membership α, with the goal of effectively distinguishing between burned and unburned areas. Following the classification, the accuracies of the classified indices and sub-indices were validated using the coordinates of 100 data points collected within the AWR through GPS technology. The results revealed that the overall accuracy of all indices and sub-indices declines as the degree of membership α decreases from 1 to 0. Among the mean spectral indices, NDVI-mean, SAVI-mean, NDMI-mean exhibited the highest overall accuracies, achieving 97%, 95%, and 90%, respectively. These results closely mirrored those obtained by sub-indices using band 8 (NDVI-B8, SAVI-B8, and NDMI-B8), which yield respective overall accuracies of 93%, 92%, and 89%. At a degree of membership α = 1, the estimated burned areas for the most effective indices encompassed 2144.38 hectares for NDVI-mean, 1932.14 hectares for mean SAVI-mean, and 4947.13 hectares for mean NDMI-mean. A prospective approach involving the amalgamation of these three indices could have the potential to yield improved outcomes. This study could be a substantial contribution to the discrimination of bushfires in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Spectral Indices Wildfire Burned Areas Abokouamékro Wildlife Reserve Côte D’Ivoire