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Recent advances in the management of autoimmune pancreatitis in the era of artificial intelligence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第48期28卷 6867-6874页

作者： Sahar Mack Yves Flattet Philippe Bichard jean louis Frossard Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medical SpecialtiesUniversity Hospital of GenevaGeneva 1205Switzerland

Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is a type of immune-mediated pancreatitis subdivided into two subtypes,type 1 and type 2 ***,type 1 AIP is considered to be the pancreatic manifestation of the immunoglobulin G4(IgG4)-related ***,AIP is increasingly researched and recognized,although its diagnosis represents a challenge for several reasons:False positive ultrasound-guided cytological samples for a neoplastic process,difficult to interpret levels of IgG4,the absence of biological markers to diagnose type 2 AIP,and the challenging clinical identification of atypical ***,60%and 78%of type 1 and type 2 AIP,respectively,are retrospectively diagnosed on surgical specimens of resected pancreas for suspected *** distinguishing AIP from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma can be challenging,obtaining a definitive diagnosis can therefore prove difficult,since endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration or biopsy of the pancreas are *** paper focuses on recent innovations in the management of AIP with regard to the use of artificial intelligence,new serum markers,and new therapeutic approaches,while it also outlines the current management recommendations.A better knowledge of AIP can reduce the recourse to surgery and avoid its overuse,although such an approach requires close collaboration between gastroenterologists,surgeons and *** knowledge on AIP and IgG4-related disease remains necessary to diagnose and manage patients.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Immunoglobulin G4-related disease Prednisone Rituximab Artificial intelligence Plasmablasts

Selection of appropriate organic additives for enhancing Zn and Cd phytoextraction by hyperaccumulators

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1113-1118页

作者： WU Qi-tang DENG Jin-chuan LONG Xin-xian MOREL jean-louis SCHWARTZ Christophe College of Natural Resource and Environment South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China Laboratoire Sol et Environnement ENSAIA-INRA 54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France

Chelant-enhanced phytoextraction is one of the most promising technologies to remove heavy metals from soil. The key of the technology is to choose suitable additives in combination with a suitable plant. In the present study, laboratory batch experiment of metal solubilization, cress seeds germination were undertaken to investigate the metal-mobilizing capability and the phytotoxicity of organic additives, including ethylene diamine triacetic acid （EDTA）, citric acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, glutamine and monosodium glutamate waste liquid （MGWL） from food industry. Experiments in pots were carried out to study the effects of the additives on Zn and Cd phytoextraction. Furthermore, a leaching experiment with lysimeter was performed to evaluate the environmental risks of additive-induced leaching to underground water. The results showed that EDTA had a strong mobilizing ability for Zn and Cd, followed by mixed reagent （MR） and MGWL. MGWL and acetic acid at 5 mmol equivalent per liter resulted in seed germination index less than 2%. Experiments in pots verified the phytotoxicity of acetic acid and MGWL. Addition of the mixed reagent at 6--10 mmol/kg significantly increased Zn phytoextraction by Thlaspi caerulescens. The same for EDTA and the mixed reagent at 10 mmol/kg by Sedum dfredii. But only mixed reagents could significantly increase Cd phytoextraction by the studied hyperaccumulators. This suggested that the strong chelant was not always the good agent to enhance phytoextraction. S. alfredii combined with 2--10 mmol/kg soil MR was preferred for phytoremediation of Cd/Zn contaminated soils in southern China, this could result in high phytoextraction of Cd/Zn and reduce the leaching risk to underground water than EDTA assisted phytoextration.

关键词： enhanced phytoextraction heavy metals Thlaspi caerulescens Sedum alfredii EDTA organic acids mixed reagent leaching risk

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulation is altered in pancreas from cirrhotic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第2期12卷 228-233页

作者： jean-louis Frossard Rafael Quadri Antoine Hadengue Philippe Morel Catherine M Pastor Division de Gastroenterologie Hpitaux Universitaires de Geneve Departement de Chirurgie Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Hepatique et Imagerie Moleculaire Hpitaux Universitaires de Geneve

AIM： To determine whether biliary cirrhosis could induce pancreatic dysfunction such as modifications in endothelial nitric oxide synthase（eNOS） expression and whether the regulation of eNOS could be altered by the regulatory proteins caveolin and heat shock protein 90 （Hsp90）, as well as by the modifications of calmodulin binding to eNOS. METHODS： Immunoprecipitations and Western blotting analysis were performed in pancreas isolated from sham and cirrhotic rats. RESULTS： Pancreatic injury was minor in cirrhotic rats but eNOS expression importantly decreased with the length （and the severity） of the disease. Because coimmunoprecipitation of eNOS with both Hsp90 and caveolin similarly decreased in cirrhotic rats, eNOS activity was not modified by this mechanism. In contrast, drrhosis decreased the calmodulin binding to eNOS with a concomitant decrease in eNOS activity. CONCLUSION： In biliary cirrhosis, pancreatic injury is minor but the pancreatic nitric oxide （NO） production is significantly decreased by two mechanisms： a decreased expression of the enzyme and a decreased binding of calmodulin to eNOS.

关键词： Pancreas Biliary cirrhosis Endothelial NO synthase Caveolin Heat shock protein 90

Role of the epididymis in sperm competition

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 493-499页

作者： Russell C. Jones jean-louis Dacheux Brett Nixon Heath W. Ecroyd Discipline of Biological Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan 2308 Australia UMR INRA-CNRS 6073 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements Nouzilly 37380 France Department of Chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia

Although it is generally understood that the testes recruited kidney ducts for reproductive function during the evolution of vertebrates, little is understood of the biological significance of the adaptation. In the context of the evolution of the mammalian epididymis, this report provides evidence that a major role of the epididymis is to enhance a male＇s chance of achieving paternity in a competitive mating system. A unique example of sperm cooperation in monotremes is used as evidence that the epididymis produces sperm competition proteins to form groups of 100 sperm into bundles that have a forward motility nearly thrice that of individual spermatozoa. As it required 3-h incubation in vitro under capacitation conditions to release motile sperm from the bundles, it is suggested that the monotremes provide an example of capacitation that is quite different from capacitation in higher mammals. It is suggested that variation between species in the intensity of sperm competition could explain the variation that occurs between species in the amount of post-testicular sperm maturation and storage in the epididymis, an explanation of why the human epididymis does not play as important a role in reproduction as the epididymis of most mammals. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 493-499）

关键词： epididymis sperm maturation sperm storage capacitation sperm competition sperm cooperation

Kinetics study of the solvated electron decay in THF using laser-synchronised picosecond electron pulse

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2007年第1期18卷 10-15页

作者： Vincent De WAELE Sébastien SORGUES Pascal PERNOT jean-louis MARIGNIER Mehran MOSTAFAVI Laboratoire de Chimie Fhysique/ELYSE UMR CNRS/UPS 8000Bt.349Université Paris-Sud91405 OrsayFrance

Picosecond pulse radiolysis of neat tetrahydrofuran (THF) shows a fast decay of the solvated electron within *** decay of the solvated electron observed at 790nm is because of spur reaction.A numerical simulation using time dependent Smoluchowski equation containing a sink term with a distance dependent reaction rate is used to fit the pulse-probe data and shows that the geminate reaction can proceed at long distance in this low polar solvent.

关键词：溶剂化电子衰减四氢呋喃激光同步化皮秒电子脉冲

Evaluating and quantifying the effect of various spruce budworm intervention strategies on forest carbon dynamics in Atlantic Canada

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 547-557页

作者： Zelin Liu Changhui Peng David AMacLean louis De Grandpre jean-Noel Candau Daniel Kneeshaw School of Geographic Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China Department of Biological Sciences University of Qu�ebec at MontrealMontrealQC H3C 3P8Canada Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada Laurentian Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaQC G1V 4C7Canada Great Lake Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaON P6A 2E5Canada

Spruce budworm (SBW) outbreaks are one of the most devastating natural disturbances in spruce-balsam fir forests of eastern North America. Both early intervention strategy (EIS) and foliage protection strategy (FP) are being tested to limit forest losses, but the quantitative impact on forest carbon (C) dynamics is still unclear. In this study, we designed 19 separate scenarios of no intervention or varying success of EIS, FP, and their combination on SBW caused defoliation and mortality. We then used the TRIPLEX-Insect model to quantify their effects on forest C dynamics in the forests of the four provinces of Atlantic Canada. A scenario applying FP to 10%of the area with the greatest potential C losses of living biomass, protecting foliage in 10%of the forests is more realistic than higher proportion of FP given the high cost and large areas involved, resulted in reducing average cumulative net ecosystem productivity (NEP) from 2020 to 2039 by 56%–127%compared to a no outbreak *** results showed that FP would have to be applied everywhere to reduce tree mortality and increase NEP more than 8 years of successful EIS applied. However, if EIS can be successfully implemented for 12 years, it will maintain more forest C than FP applied everywhere during a moderate outbreak. We also found that the combination of EIS followed by FP in 10%of the areas disturbed by the SBW could maintain average cumulative NEP at similar levels to no defoliation in every province of Atlantic Canada. Black/red spruce forests younger than 60years old underwent the smallest changes in C dynamics whether using EIS, FP, or both. This highlights the importance of forest species, forest age, and their interactions on the effectiveness of a treatment during SBW outbreak. Overall, 31%–76%of the study area in Atlantic Canada could convert from a C sink to a source by 2039,if no protective measures are used under the worst-case scenarios, thus contributing to future climate warming.

关键词： Annual defoliation Natural disturbance Forest protection Net ecosystem productivity TRIPLEX-Insect Conifers

Responses of ramie(Boehmeria nivea L.)to increasing rare earth element(REE)concentrations in a hydroponic system

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第5期40卷 840-846,I0006页

作者： Chang Liu Wenshen Liu Hermine Huot Yiming Yang Meina Guo jean louis Morel Yetao Tang Rongliang Qiu School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Laboratoire Sols et Environnement INRAE-Universitéde Lorraine54505Vandceuvre-les-NancyFrance Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology Guangzhou 510275China Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

A number of studies have focused on the effects of rare earth elements(REEs) on crop plants,while little attention has been paid on how tolerant plant species respond to increasing mixed REE *** this study,ramie(Boehmeria nivea L.) was exposed to a series of REE concentrations prepared with equimolar mixtures of 16 REEs(i.e.0,1.6,8,16,80,160,400,800 μmol/L) in order to explore REE accumulation and fractionation characteristics in ramie and the responses of this plant to mixed *** show that ramie root and shoot biomasses are unaffected under lower REE concentrations(1.6-80 μmol/L),while the growth of ramie and the uptake of nutrients especially Ca and Mn are largely inhibited under higher REE concentrations(160-800 μmol/L).The P and Mo concentrations in the roots increase with the increasing REE concentrations in the solution,suggestive of an involvement of P and Mo in dealing with the high concentrations of REEs in this *** preferential uptake of Ce and heavy REEs(HREEs) and the preferential transport of HREEs within the plant lead to a positive Ce anomaly and a HREE enrichment in ramie *** study suggests that ramie could be a good candidate for the phyto re mediation of heavily REE-contaminated soils(e.g.,REE mine tailings in southern China).Our results also shed light on points of taking into account phytoremediation management strategies of REEcontaminated soils(e.g.,P and Mo fertilization).

关键词： Phytoremediation Ramie Rare earth elements Fractionation Molybdenum Phosphorus

Neutrophil depletion-but not prevention of Kupffer cell activation-decreases the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第8期12卷 1219-1224页

作者： Catherine M Pastor Alain Vonlaufen Fabianna Georgi Antoine Hadengue Philippe Morel jean-louis Frossard Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Hépatique et Imagerie Moléculaire H■pitaux Universitaires de GenèveB■timent CRoom 6-79524 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Division of Gastroentérologie et Hépatologie H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Département APSI H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Département de Chirurgie H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland

AIM： To determine whether neutrophil depletion and Kupffer cell inhibition might combine their protective effects to decrease the severity of acute pancreatitis. METHODS： Nice had cerulein administration to induce acute pancreatitis and were pretreated with either anti-mouse neutrophil serum or gadolinium chloride （GdCh） to prevent Kupffer cell activation, or both treatments. Injury was assessed in pancreas and lungs. Myeloperoxidases （MPO） assessed neutrophil infiltration. Interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-10 were measured in serum, pancreas, lungs and liver. RESULTS： In mice with acute pancreatitis, neutrophil depletion reduced the severity of pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury. Kupffer cell inactivation by GdCh had less protective effect, although IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations were significantly decreased. The protective treatment brought by neutrophil depletion was not enhanced by Kupffer cell inactivation and both treatments did not combine their protective effects. CONCLUSION： Our results confirm the role of activated neutrophils in aggravating organ injury in acute pancreatitis while the role of Kupffer cell activation is less obvious.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Cytokines Neutrophils Kupffer cells Pulmonary injury

Recent advances in development of vertical-cavity based short pulse source at 1.55 μm

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2014年第1期7卷 1-19页

作者： Zhuang ZHAO Sophie BOUCHOULE jean-Christophe HARMAND Gilles PATRIARCHE Guy AUBIN jean-louis OUDAR Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN) CNRS Marcoussis France

This paper reviews and discusses recent developments in passively mode-locked vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers （ML-VECSELs） for short pulse generation at 1.55 gin. After comparing ML- VECSELs to other options for short pulse generation, we reviewed the results of ML-VECSELs operating at telecommunication wavelength and point out the chal- lenges in achieving sub-picosecond operation from a ML- VECSEL at 1.55 gm. We described our recent work in the VECSELs and semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors （SESAMs）, their structure design, optimization and characterization, with the goal of moving the pulse width from picosecond to sub-picosecond.

关键词： semiconductor laser vertical external cavitysurface emitting laser (VECSEL) indium phosphide heatdissipation saturable absorber mirror mode-locking