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Cross-sectional associations between cortical thiclmess and physical activity in older adults with spontaneous memory complaints:The MAPT Study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 324-332页

作者： Jérémy Raffin Yves Rolland Clara Fischer jean-francois mangin Audrey Gabelle Bruno Vellas Philipe de Souto Barreto the MAPT/DSA Group Gérontopôle de Toulouse Institut du VieillissementCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31000France UniversitéPaul-Sabatier/Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale UnitéMixte de Recherche 1027 Facultéde médecineUniversity of Toulouse ⅢToulouse 31000France Centre pour l'Acquisition et le Traitement des Images Multicenter Neuroimaging Platform NeurospinUniversitéParis-SaclayGif sur Yvette 91191France Memory Resources and Research Center Montpellier University HospitalMontpellier 34295France Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale Unité1061 i-site Montpellier Universitéd'Excellence University of MontpellierMontpellier 34090France 不详

Background:Age-related changes in brain structure may constitute the starting point for cerebral function alteration.Physical activity(PA)demonstrated favorable associations with total brain volume,but its relationship with cortical thickness(CT)remains unclear.We investigated the cross-sectional associations between PA level and CT in community-dwelling people aged 70 years and older.Methods:A total of 403 older adults aged 74.8±4.0 years(mean±SD)who underwent a baseline magnetic resonance imaging examination and who had data on PA and confounders were included.PA was assessed with a questionnaire.Participants were categorized according to PA levels.Multiple linear regressions were used to compare the brain CT(mm)of the inactive group(no PA at all)with 6 active groups(growing PA levels)in 34 regions of interest.Results:Compared with inactive persons,people who achieved PA at a level of 1500-1999 metabolic equivalent task-min/week(i.e.,about6-7 h of brisk walking for exercise) and those who achieved it at 2000-2999 metabolic equivalent task-min/week(i.e.,8-11 h of brisk walking for exercise)had higher CT in the fusiform gyrus and the temporal pole.Additionally,dose-response associations between PA and CT were found in the fusiform gyrus(B=0.011,SE=0.004,adj.p=0.035),the temporal pole(B=0.026,SE=0.009,adj.p=0.048),and the caudal middle frontal gyrus,the entorhinal,medial orbitofrontal,lateral occipital,and insular cortices.Conclusion:This study demonstrates a positive association between PA level and CT in temporal areas such as the fusiform gyrus,a brain region often associated to Alzheimer’s disease in people aged 70 years and older.Future investigations focusing on PA type may help to fulfil remaining knowledge gaps in this field.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Brain aging Cortical thickness Physical activity

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Increased representation of the non-dominant hand in pianists demonstrated by measurement of 3D morphology of the central sulcus

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Psychoradiology 2021年第2期1卷 66-72页

作者： Adam Harvey Lewis Hou Kirsteen Davidson-Kelly Rebecca S.Schaefer Sujin Hong jean-francois mangin Katie Overy Neil Roberts Reid School of Music Alison House12 Nicolson SquareUniversity of EdinburghEH89DFUK School of Clinical Sciences The Queen’s Medical Research Institute(QMRI)University of EdinburghEH164TJUK Scottish Chamber Orchestra 4 Royal TerraceEdinburghEH75ABUK Health Medical and Neuropsychology UnitInstitute for PsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands Academy of Creative and Performing Arts Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands Neuropolitics Research Lab and Edinburgh Imaging School of Social and Political ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEH89LNUK Universit′e Paris-Saclay CEACentre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)NeurospinBaobabGif-sur-YvetteFrance

Background:Post-mortem and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)studies of the central sulcus,as an indicator of motor cortex,have shown that in the general population there is greater representation of the dominant compared to the non-dominant hand.Studies of musicians,who are highly skilled in performing complex finger movements,have suggested this dominance is affected by musical training,but methods and findings have been mixed.Objective:In the present study,an automated image analysis pipeline using a 3D mesh approach was applied to measure central sulcus(CS)asymmetry on MR images obtained for a cohort of right-handed pianists and matched controls.Methods:The depth,length,and surface area(SA)of the CS and thickness of the cortical mantle adjacent to the CS were measured in each cerebral hemisphere by applying the BrainVISA Morphologist 2012 software pipeline to 3D T1-weighted MR images of the brain obtained for 15 right-handed pianists and 14 controls,matched with respect to age,sex,and handedness.Asymmetry indices(AIs)were calculated for each parameter and multivariate analysis of covariance(MANCOVA),and post hoc tests were performed to compare differences between the pianist and control groups.Results:A one-way MANCOVA across the four AIs,controlling for age and sex,revealed a significant main effect of group(P=0.04),and post hoc analysis revealed that while SA was significantly greater in the left than the right cerebral hemisphere in controls(P<0.001),there was no significant difference between left and right SA in the pianists(P=0.634).Independent samples t-tests revealed that the SA of right CS was significantly larger in pianists compared to controls(P=0.015),with no between-group differences in left CS.Conclusions:Application of an image analysis pipeline to 3D MR images has provided robust evidence of sig-nificantly increased representation of the non-dominant hand in the brain of pianists compared to age-,sex-,and handedness-matched controls.This finding supports prior research showing structural differe

关键词： asymmetry brain plasticity central sulcus(CS) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) motor cortex musicians pianists surface area(SA)

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Design and Experimental Testing of a Moving Coil Actuator with Compensation Coil

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 707-716页

作者： Boyuan Yin Xianwu Zeng John Frederick Eastham Emelie Nilsson jean-francois Rouquette jean Rivenc Ludovic Ybanez Xiaoze Pei Department of Electronics&Electrical Engineering University of BathBathBA27AYUnited Kingdom Airbus UpNext BlangnacFrance Airbus CRT BlangnacFrance Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BathBathBA27AYUnited Kingdom

Hydrogen-powered electric aircraft have attracted significant interests aiming to achieve decarbonization targets.Onboard DC electric networks are facing great challenges in DC fault protection requirements.Vacuum interrupters are widely used in low voltage and medium voltage power systems due to being environmentally friendly with low maintenance.In this paper a moving coil actuator with compensation coils for a vacuum interrupter,as part of a hybrid direct current circuit breaker,is designed and experimentally tested.Compensation coils are used to improve operating speed compared with original moving coil actuator.Comparisons between four possible connections of compensation coils and original moving coil actuator are carried out.Experimental results show comparisons between different connections of actuator coils in terms of opening time and coil current with a range of pre-charged capacitor voltages.Dynamic performance of each actuator connection is also compared.The actuator with compensation coils is shown to have a higher current rising rate and achieve faster opening speed,which is a critical requirement for electric aircraft network protection.The parallel connection actuator achieves the highest opening speed within 3.5 ms with capacitor voltage of 50 V.

关键词： Circuit breaker compensation coil moving coil actuator vacuum interrupter

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From Control Theory to Gravitational Waves

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第2期14卷 49-100页

作者： jean-francois Pommaret CERMICS Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech Paris France

When D:ξ→η is a linear ordinary differential (OD) or partial differential (PD) operator, a “direct problem” is to find the generating compatibility conditions (CC) in the form of an operator D1:η→ξ such that Dξ = η implies D1η = 0. When D is involutive, the procedure provides successive first-order involutive operators D1,...,Dn when the ground manifold has dimension n. Conversely, when D1 is given, a much more difficult “inverse problem” is to look for an operator D:ξ→η having the generating CC D1η = 0. If this is possible, that is when the differential module defined by D1 is “torsion-free”, that is when there does not exist any observable quantity which is a sum of derivatives of η that could be a solution of an autonomous OD or PD equation for itself, one shall say that the operator D1 is parametrized by D. The parametrization is said to be “minimum” if the differential module defined by D does not contain a free differential submodule. The systematic use of the adjoint of a differential operator provides a constructive test with five steps using double differential duality. We prove and illustrate through many explicit examples the fact that a control system is controllable if and only if it can be parametrized. Accordingly, the controllability of any OD or PD control system is a “built in” property not depending on the choice of the input and output variables among the system variables. In the OD case and when D1 is formally surjective, controllability just amounts to the formal injectivity of ad(D1), even in the variable coefficients case, a result still not acknowledged by the control community. Among other applications, the parametrization of the Cauchy stress operator in arbitrary dimension n has attracted many famous scientists (G. B. Airy in 1863 for n = 2, J. C. Maxwell in 1870, E. Beltrami in 1892 for n = 3, and A. Einstein in 1915 for n = 4). We prove that all these works are already explic

关键词： Differential Operator Differential Sequence Killing Operator Riemann Operator Bianchi Operator Cauchy Operator Control Theory Controllability Elasticity General Relativity

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小型激光天文动力学空间计划概念

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云南天文台台刊 2002年第3期 123-136页

作者：倪维斗朱进武向平褚桂柏杨彬高健关敏汤健仁周翊张中豪黄天衣曲钦岳易照华李广宇陶金河吴岸明罗俊叶贤基周泽兵熊耀恒毕少兰须重明吴雪君唐孟希包芸李芳昱黄珹杨福民叶叔华张书练张元仲聂玉昕陈光 Joergen Christensen-Dalsgaard Hansjoerg Dittus Yasunori Fujii Claus Laemmerzahl jean francois mangin Achim Peters Albrecht Ruediger Etienne Samain Stephan Schiller 中国科学院国家天文台北京100012清华大学物理系台湾新竹中国科学院国家天文台北京100012 中国科学院国家天文台北京100012北京师范大学天文系北京100875 清华大学物理系台湾新竹南京大学天文系江苏南京210093 中国科学院紫金山天文台江苏南京210008 太空计划室系统工程组台湾新竹华中科技大学物理系武汉中国科学院国家天文台云南天文台云南昆明650011 南京师范大学物理系江苏南京210097 中山大学物理系广州510275 中山大学力学系广州510275 重庆大学物理系重庆400044 中国科学院上海天文台上海200030 清华大学精密仪器系北京中国科学院理论物理所北京中国科学院物理所北京汕头大学物理系汕头 ZARM University of Bremen Bremen Nihon Fukushi University Aichi University of Duesseldorf Duesseldorf Universitaet Konstanz Konstanz Max-Planck-Institut fuer Gravitationsphysik Garching Observatoire de la Cote D'Azur Glasse

小型激光天文动力学空间计划是 :使用在太阳轨道上无拖曳航天器和地面站以激光干涉和脉冲测距的方法 ,精确地探讨天文动力学 ,检测相对论与时空基本定律 ,改进探测引力波的灵敏度以及更准确地测定太阳、行星和小行星的参数。 1 969年开... 详细信息

小型激光天文动力学空间计划是 :使用在太阳轨道上无拖曳航天器和地面站以激光干涉和脉冲测距的方法 ,精确地探讨天文动力学 ,检测相对论与时空基本定律 ,改进探测引力波的灵敏度以及更准确地测定太阳、行星和小行星的参数。 1 969年开始的月球激光 (反射 )测距 ,对地球物理、参考坐标的选定、相对论的检验均有重要的贡献。 3 0年来 ,激光技术的长足进步 ,使现在正是适合于开始进行研究空间有源 (主动 )测距和光波空间通讯的时候。激光天文动力学的兴起是必然的趋势 ,其精确度将比现在提高 3到 6个数量级 ,将是天文动力学革命性的发展。小型激光天文动力学空间计划可以起到带头作用。它的关键技术有三 ,即 :弱光锁相、极精确无拖曳航天和高衰减日冕仪。弱光锁相已有长足的进步。对高衰减日冕仪的研究 ,也有了初步的方案。LISA空间计划将于 2 0 0 6年 8月发射SMART -2 ,研究测试极精确无拖曳航天。小型激光天文动力学空间计划的关键技术已日趋成熟。在第一届国际激光天文动力学研讨会 ( 2 0 0 1 ,9.1 3 -2 3 )中介绍了各相关学科背景及前沿研究 ,讨论了激光天文动力学空间计划科学目标及相关技术 ,并召开了两次小型激光天文动力学空间计划预研究筹备会 ,建立了和欧洲的合作关系。会后着手进行此项对基础?

关键词：激光天文动力学空间计划相对论引力波太阳行星精确度

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Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie Gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura Fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice Davrieux Joseph Martin Bell jean-francois Rami Daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon Department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre D’Etudes Regional Pour L’Amelioration de L’Adaptation a La Secheresse(CERAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal Dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAD UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional breeding.In this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed conditions.NIR elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 nm.Spectra were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between environments.The magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid composition.PCA yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples sets.The pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the largest.Interestingly,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment origin.The confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different from each other and all other samples.Overall,NIR

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis Environment Nutritional Breeding

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构建安全连接,筑牢通信行业高质量发展底座

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数字经济 2024年第4期 93-95页

作者： jean-francois Ouillet 泰雷兹集团

身处数字化时代,以新一代信息通信技术为核心的物联网(IoT)正在重塑各行各业,为数字经济发展注入强劲动力;同时,也在改变着每个人与周围世界互动的方式,为日常生活带来更多便捷选择。物联网不断为行业数字化转型提供新支撑、为数字经济... 详细信息

身处数字化时代,以新一代信息通信技术为核心的物联网(IoT)正在重塑各行各业,为数字经济发展注入强劲动力;同时,也在改变着每个人与周围世界互动的方式,为日常生活带来更多便捷选择。物联网不断为行业数字化转型提供新支撑、为数字经济发展拓展新空间,整个市场也在持续探索更灵活便捷、安全可靠的连接方式,以应对新挑战。

关键词：信息通信技术通信行业数字化转型数字化时代安全连接强劲动力灵活便捷连接方式

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Polysiloxane coatings on microspheres based on Multiphase Flow with Interface Exchange-Discrete Element Modelling

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Particuology 2022年第10期20卷 88-99页

作者： Sanjay Kumar Devendhar Singh jean-francois Dietiker Kathy Lu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVirginia 24061USA National Energy Technology Laboratory PittsburghPA 15236USA Leidos Research Support Team PittsburghPA 15236-0940USA

Polysiloxane coatings on yttria stabilized zirconia(YSZ)microspheres of 500μm were simulated in a spout fluidized bed coater using Multiphase Flow with Interface Exchange-Discrete Element Modelling(MFiX-DEM).Two different coater configurations were developed to study the influence of gas velocity and its distribution on particle dynamics.The presence of the Wurster tube not only enhances the dis-tribution but also increases the overall residence time of the particles.Investigations were also carried out with different Wurster tube positions(normal,10%and 20%lowered from its initial position).Among these,20%lowered Wurster tube position demonstrated the most effective coating process.The effects of gas inlet pressure on the average gas velocity and the distribution of particles were analyzed.More than 97%of the particles can be retained.The derived results,including average gas velocity,particle retention percentage,and distribution of particles with gas velocity,are being used to guide the experimental work in obtaining defect-free coatings for YSZ microspheres.

关键词： Spouted bed Wurster tube Coating Yttria stabilized zirconia(YSZ) MFiX

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Kinetic Slip Boundary Condition for Isothermal Rarefied Gas Flows through Static Non-Planar Geometries Based on the Regularized Lattice-Boltzmann Method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第3期31卷 816-868页

作者： jean-Michel Tucny David Vidal Sebastien Leclaire francois Bertrand Mechanical Engineering Department Polytechnique MontralP.O.Box 6079Stn.CVMontrealQCCANADAH3C 3A7 Chemical Engineering Department Polytechnique MontralP.O.Box 6079Stn.CVMontrealQCCANADAH3C 3A7

The simulation of rarefied gasflows through complex porous media is chal-lenging due to the tortuousflow pathways inherent to such structures.The Lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)has been identified as a promising avenue to solveflows through complex geometries due to the simplicity of its scheme and its high parallel computational efficiency.It has been proposed to model the stress-strain relationship with the extended Navier-Stokes equations rather than attempting to directly solve the Boltzmann equation.However,a regularization technique is required tofilter out non-resolved higher-order components with a low-order velocity scheme.Although slip boundary conditions(BCs)have been proposed for the non-regularized multiple relaxation time LBM(MRT-LBM)for planar geometries,previous slip BCs have never been verified extensively with the regularization technique.In this work,following an extensive literature review on the imposition of slip BCs for rarefiedflows with the LBM,it is proven that earlier values for kinetic parameters developed to impose slip BCs are inaccurate for the regularized MRT-LBM and differ between the D2Q9 and D3Q15 schemes.The error was eliminated for planarflows and good agreement be-tween analytical solutions for arrays of cylinders and spheres was found with a wide range of Knudsen numbers.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method(LBM) boundary condition(BC) rarefiedflow nonplanar geometry

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Impact of time to diagnosis on the occurrence of cardiogenic shock in MIS‑C post‑COVID-19 infection

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期19卷 595-604页

作者： Said Bichali Mathilde Bonnet Marie‑Emilie Lampin jean‑Benoit Baudelet Heloise Reumaux Olivia Domanski Thameur Rakza Alexandre Delarue Morgan Recher Jerome Soquet francois Dubos Stephane Leteurtre Ali Houeijeh francois Godart Pediatric Cardiology Univ.LilleCHU Lille2 Avenue Oscar Lambret59000 LilleFrance Pediatric Intensive Care Univ.LilleCHU Lille59000 LilleFrance ULR 2694‑Metrics:Evaluation des Technologies de Sante et des Pratiques Medicales Univ.Lille59000 LilleFrance Pediatric Rhumatology Univ.LilleCHU Lille59000 LilleFrance Cardiac Surgery Univ.LilleCHU Lille59000 LilleFrance Pediatric Emergency Univ.LilleCHU Lille59000 LilleFrance

Background In multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C),diagnostic delay could be associated with severity.This study aims to measure the time to diagnosis in MIS-C,assess its impact on the occurrence of cardiogenic shock,and specify its determinants.Methods A single-center prospective cohort observational study was conducted between May 2020 and July 2022 at a tertiary care hospital.Children meeting the World Health Organization MIS-C criteria were included.A long time to diagnosis was defined as six days or more.Data on time to diagnosis were collected by two independent physicians.The primary outcome was the occurrence of cardiogenic shock.Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used for outcomes,and a Cox proportional hazards model was used for determinants.Results Totally 60 children were assessed for inclusion,and 31 were finally analyzed[52%males,median age 8.8(5.7-10.7)years].The median time to diagnosis was 5.3(4.2-6.2)days.In univariable analysis,age above the median,time to diagnosis,high C-reactive protein,and high N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)were associated with cardiogenic shock[odds ratio(OR)6.13(1.02-36.9),2.79(1.15-6.74),2.08(1.05-4.12),and 1.70(1.04-2.78),respectively].In multivariable analysis,time to diagnosis≥6 days was associated with cardiogenic shock[adjusted OR(aOR)21.2(1.98-227)].Time to diagnosis≥6 days had a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 77% in predicting cardiogenic shock;the addition of age>8 years and NT-proBNP at diagnosis≥11,254 ng/L increased the specificity to 91%.Independent determinants of short time to diagnosis were age<8.8 years[aHR 0.34(0.13-0.88)],short distance to tertiary care hospital[aHR 0.27(0.08-0.92)],and the late period of the COVID-19 pandemic[aHR 2.48(1.05-5.85)].Conclusions Time to diagnosis≥6 days was independently associated with cardiogenic shock in MIS-C.Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to avoid the use of inotropes and limit morbidity,especially in older children.

关键词： COVID-19 Delay in diagnosis Heart failure MIS-C SARS-CoV-2

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