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Formation mechanisms of sub-micron pharmaceutical composite particles derived from far-and near-field Raman microscopy

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第4期11卷 480-489页

作者： Jakob Hübner jean-Baptiste Coty Yan Busby denis Spitzer Nanomateriaux pour Les Systemes Sous Sollicitations Extr^emes(NS3E) ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA UMR 3208French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis5Rue Du General CassagnouB.P.7003468301Saint-LouisFrance Spinofrin SAS 20 Bis Rue Danjou92100BoulogneBillancourtFrance

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS) and confocal Raman microscopy are applied to investigate the structure and the molecular arrangement of sub-micron furosemide and polyvinylpyrrolidone(furosemide/PVP) particles produced by spray flash evaporation(SFE). Morphology, size and crystallinity of furosemide/PVP particles are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction(XRPD). Far-field Raman spectra and confocal far-field Raman maps of furosemide/PVP particles are interpreted based on the far-field Raman spectra of pure furosemide and PVP *** far-field Raman microscopy shows that furosemide/PVP particles feature an intermixture of furosemide and PVP molecules at the sub-micron scale. SERS and surface-enhanced confocal Raman microscopy(SECo RM) are performed on furosemide, PVP and furosemide/PVP composite particles sputtered with silver(40 nm). SERS and SECo RM maps reveal that furosemide/PVP particle surfaces mainly consist of PVP molecules. The combination of surface and bulk sensitive analyses reveal that furosemide/PVP sub-micron particles are formed by the agglomeration of primary furosemide nanocrystals embedded in a thin PVP matrix. Interestingly, both far-field Raman microscopy and SECo RM provide molecular information on a statistically-relevant amount of sub-micron particles in a single microscopic map;this combination is thus an effective and time-saving tool for investigating organic sub-micron composites.

关键词： SERS Confocal Raman microscopy Surface characterization Sub-micron particles Pharmaceutic composites

How Organizational Factors Can Influence Auditors' Intention of Turnover in France?

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How Organizational Factors Can Influence Auditors' Intention...

作者： jean-denis Truquet 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

This research investigates the potential relationships between organizational factors and turnover intents in the audit sector in *** organizational factors include Stress,Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived Supervisor Support,Organizational Justice and Job *** concept of turnover intent has been steadily growing in importance across the years as the determinant factor influencing *** theories and models have been put forward for the last 50 years in order to better apprehend turnover intents,turnover and its *** the most famous ones recognized today are the March and Simon Theory of Organizational Equilibrium,the attitudinal models(Mobley,1977;Price and Mueller,1981;Porter,Steers,Mowday and Boulian 1974;Hom and Griffeth 1991),the Spill-over Models of Turnover,the Organizational Factors Model of Turnover,the Job Embeddedness Theory,and the Unfolding Model of Voluntary Turnover(Lee and Mitchel,1994).Indeed,turnover has become an increasingly significant phenomenon in today professional *** is more,the turnover issue has also been magnified by the covid 19 *** Big Quit" that has swept through the US finally reached Western *** French consulting firms like Capgemini have lost 20%of their workforce and are now scrambling to find new *** is one example among many ***-depth interviews were used to determine the organizational factors leading to turnover intents that mattered the most to *** online questionnaire was later shared with auditors working in the Big 4 in France in order to assess whether organizational factors could have a significant impact on turnover *** online questionnaire,built with SurveyMonkey,was shared with auditors through different informatic means(LinkedIn,Messenger,Whatsapp and other communication platforms)over the span of two weeks and *** total,117 respondents took part in the *** on the results that were obtained through sta

关键词： turnover,engagement,Supervisor,Justice,perceived,organizational,questionnaire,professional,likely,have,

Impact of homogeneous pathologic response to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with multiple colorectal liver metastases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第45期23卷 8027-8034页

作者： Charles Sabbagh denis Chatelain Christophe Attencourt jean-Paul Joly Bruno Chauffert Cyril Cosse jean-Marc Regimbeau Depart-ment of Digestive and Oncologic Surgery Amiens University Medical Center INSERM U1088 Jules Verne University of Picardie University of Picardie Department of Anatomic Pathology Amiens University Medical Center Department of Hepatogastroenterology Amiens University Medical Center Department of Medical Oncology Amiens University Medical Center EA4294 Jules Verne University of Picardie

AIM To analyze the homogeneity of pathologic response to preoperative chemotherapy(PRPC) after chemotherapy in patients with multiple liver metastases(LM).METHODS From September 2011 to August 2014,patients with at least two LM undergoing preoperative chemotherapy prior to resection were included in this retrospective,single-center study. The endpoints were PRPC homogeneity(according to both the Rubbia-Brandt and MD Anderson classifications),the impact of PRPC on the MDT decision,factors associated with homogeneous PRPC and overall survival of patients with vs. without homogeneous *** seventy-three patients with a total of 88 liver resections(including 15 two-stage procedures) were included in the study. The homogeneous PRPC rate was 55% according to the Rubbia-Brandt classification and 53% according to the MD Anderson classification. The MDT decision was modified by the PRPC in only 2.7% of patients(n = 2). CONCLUSION The PRPC was homogeneous in only one half of patients and had very little influence on the MDT decision.

关键词： Liver metastases Pathological response Homogeneity Preoperative chemotherapy Colorectal cancer

Process conditions for preparing well-defined nano- and microparticles as delivery systems of alkyl gallates

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 105-116页

作者： Asma Chebil denis Funfschilling jean-Luc Six Cécile Nouvel Alain Durand Michèle Léonard Universite de Lorraine CNRS LCPM F-54000 Nancy France Universite de Lorraine CNRS LRGP F-54000 Nancy France Universite de Strasbourg CNRS ICube F-67000 Strasbourg France

Dextran-covered poly(D,L-lactide) (PLA) nano-and microparticles were prepared using an emulsion/solvent evaporation (or diffusion) process for the encapsulation of alkyl gallates (AGs).In the first step,a solution of PLA and AG in ethyl acetate was emulsified to give an aqueous phase containing a hydrophobically modified dextran,which acted as a *** second step involved solvent evaporation or *** emulsification conditions were varied,which allowed for the preparation of nanoand microparticle suspensions covering a wide range of surface-average particle diameters from 0.1 μm (sonication) to 500 μm (stirring with a magnetic bar),with narrow and reproducible size *** microfluidic emulsification in a flow-focusing system led to well-defined microparticles,in the 10-50 μm *** loaded with octyl gallate (OG) and nonyl gallate (NG) were obtained using the three processes,and we showed that the encapsulation efficiency of OG and NG varied significantly depending on the emulsification *** effect of particle size on the mechanism of in vitro release of encapsulated AGs was *** kinetics of release were controlled either by Fickian diffusion within the solid core or swelling and hydrolytic degradation of the PLA matrix,depending on the pH of the external medium.

关键词： Emulsion/solvent evaporation Dextran Poly(D.L-lactide) Encapsulation Release Alkyl gallate

Quantifying post logging biomass loss using satellite images and ground measurements in Southeast Cameroon

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1415-1426页

作者： Richard Sufo Kankeu denis jean Sonwa ichard Eba’a Atyi Noelle Marlène Moankang Nkal Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) PO Box 2008 Messa Yaounde Cameroon University of Maine-Lemans Avenue Olivier Messiaen72085 Le Mans France FASA University of Dschang PO Box 222 DschangCameroon

Forest logging in the Congo Basin has led to forest fragmentation due to logging infrastructures and felling gaps. In the same vein, forest concessions in the Congo Basin have increasing interest in the REDD＋ mechanism. However, there is little information or field data on carbon emissions from forest degradation caused by logging. To help fill this gap, Landsat 7 and 8 and SPOT 4 images of the East Region of Cameroon were processed and combined with field measurements （measurement of forest roads widths, felling gaps and log yards） to assess all disturbed areas. Also, measurements of different types of forest infrastructures helped to highlight emission factors. Forest contributes to 5.18 % of the degradation of the annual allowable cut （AAC）（84.53 ha） corresponding to 4.09 % of forest carbon stock （6.92 t ha^-1）. Felling gaps constitute the primary source of degradation, represented an estimated area of 32.41 ha （2 % of the cutting area） far ahead of primary roads （18.44ha） and skid trails （16.36 ha）. Assessment of the impact of degradation under the canopy requires the use of high resolution satellite images and field surveys.

关键词： Forest logging Eastern Cameroon Carbon Satellite images REDD+

Carbon storage and net primary productivity in Canadian boreal mixedwood stands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1667-1678页

作者： Nicholas J.Payne D.Allan Cameron jean-denis Leblanc Ian K.Morrison Canadian Forest Service Great Lakes Forestry Centre

Canadian boreal mixedwood forests are extensive,with large potential for carbon sequestration and storage;thus,knowledge of their carbon stocks at different stand ages is needed to adapt forest management practices to help meet climate-change mitigation *** stocks were quantified at three Ontario boreal mixedwood sites.A harvested stand,a juvenile stand replanted with spruce seedlings and a mature stand had total carbon stocks(±SE)of 133±13 at age 2,130±13 at age 25,and 207±15 Mg C ha^-1 at age 81 *** the clear-cut site,stocks were reduced by about 40%or 90 Mg C ha^-1 at *** held 27,34 and 62%of stocks,while detritus held 34,29 and 13%of stocks at age 2,25 and 81,*** soil carbon stocks averaged 51 Mg C ha^-1,and held 38,37 and 25%of *** net primary productivity(±SE)in the harvested and juvenile stand was 2.1±0.2 and 3.7±0.3 Mg C ha^-1 per annum(p.a.),compared to 2.6±2.5 Mg C ha^-1 *** the mature *** mature canopies studied had typical boreal mixedwood composition and mean carbon densities of 208 Mg C ha^-1,which is above average for managed Canadian boreal forest ecosystems.A comparison of published results from Canadian boreal forest ecosystems showed that carbon stocks in mixedwood stands are typically higher than coniferous stands at all ages,which was also true for stocks in vegetation and ***,aboveground net primary productivity was typically found to be higher in mixedwood than in coniferous boreal forest stands over a range of *** from this study,together with those published from the other boreal forest stands demonstrate the potential for enhanced carbon sequestration through modified forest management practices to take advantage of Canadian boreal mixedwood stand characteristics.

关键词： Aboveground net primary productivity Boreal mixedwood forest Carbon stocks Mixedwood stand management Stand age

Double ischemic ileal stenosis secondary to mesenteric injury after blunt abdominal trauma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第1期14卷 143-145页

作者： Valérie Bougard Claude Avisse Martine Patey denis Germain Nathalie Levy-Chazal jean-Franois Delattre Service de Chirurgie Viscérale Digestive et Endocrinienne CHU Reims Hpital Robert Debré Reims France Martine Patey Laboratoire Central d’Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques CHU Reims Hpital Robert Debré Reims France denis Germain Laboratoire Photographique CHU ReimsHpital Robert Debré Reims France

The authors describe a rare case in which blunt abdominal trauma resulted in mesenteric injury with delayed double ischemic ileal stenosis. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated stenotic ileal loop with mural thickening. At surgery, a double stenotic bowel loop was found adjacent to a healed defect in the mesentery. Histological examination of the two resected segments showed fibrotic and ischemic lesions within the mesentery. Ischemic intestinal stenosis from mesenteric injury should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients suffering from intestinal occlusion with a history of blunt abdominal trauma.

关键词： Blunt abdominal trauma Mesenteric injury Intestinal stenosis Obstruction

TanDEM-X Autonomous Formation Flying System： Flight Results

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2012年第5期2卷 332-340页

作者： jean-Sebastien Ardaens denis Fischer German Space Operations Center (DLR/GSOC) Wessling 82234 Germany EADS Astrium GmbH Friedrichshafen 8803 Germany

The TanDEM-X mission is a scientific and commercial Earth observation mission comprising two satellites flying in close formation. The formation maintenance can be advantageously performed by an onboard autonomous system, which reduces the operational efforts, provides a shorter reaction time in case of contingencies and increases the control performance. The TanDEM-X Autonomous Formation Flying （TAFF） system has been developed for this purpose and is intended to replace the ground-based formation keeping activities during routine operations. TAFF has been activated for the first time in October 2010 for commissioning, during which the autonomous usage of thrusters was prohibited. Afterwards, a closed-loop campaign was successfully conducted in March 2011, demonstrating the capability of TAFF to maintain autonomously the formation. After a brief technical description of the system, the paper presents the key results gained during the commissioning phase and the closed-loop campaign,

关键词： Spacecraft autonomy aerospace control closed-loop control navigation systems.

Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic modeling of the co-pyrolysis of a bituminous coal and poplar wood

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第6期58卷 53-68页

作者： Wei Wang Romain Lemaire Ammar Bensakhria denis Luart Department of Mechanical Engineering École de technologie supérieureMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada Universitéde Technologie de Compiègne Centre de recherche de RoyallieuEA 4297-TIMRBP2052960205 CompiègneFrance École Supérieure de Chimie Organique et Minérale 1 Rue du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster60200 CompiègneFrance

The co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass has proven to be a promising route to produce liquid and gaseous fuels as well as specific value-added chemicals while contributing to mitigating CO_(2) *** interactions between the co-processed feedstocks,however,need to be elucidated to support the development of such a thermochemical conversion *** this context,the present work covers the kinetic analysis of the co-pyrolysis of a bituminous coal with poplar *** this research,biomass was blended with coal at two different mass ratios(10%(mass)and 20%(mass)).Thermogravimetric analyses were carried out with pure and blended samples at four heating rates(5,10,15 and 30℃·min^(-1)).A direct comparison of experimental and theoretical results(based on a simple additivity rule)failed to yield a clear-cut conclusion regarding the existence of synergistic *** analyses have therefore been achieved using two model-free methods(the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose models)to estimate the rate constant parameters related to the pyrolysis process.A significant decrease of the activation energy has thus been observed when adding wood to coal(activation energies associated with the blend containing 20%(mass)of biomass being even lower than those estimated for pure wood at low conversion degrees).This trend was attributed to the possible presence of synergies whose related mechanisms are *** rate constant parameters derived by means of the two tested models were finally used to simulate the evolution of the conversion degree of each sample as a function of the temperature,thus leading to a satisfying agreement between measured and simulated data.

关键词： Co-pyrolysis Coal Wood Kinetics Synergistic effects