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Comparison of approaches to quantify SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater using RT-qPCR: Results and implications from a collaborative inter-laboratory study in Canada

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 218-229页

作者： Alex H.S.Chik Melissa B.Glier Mark Servos Chand S.Mangat Xiao-Li Pang Yuanyuan Qiu Patrick M.D’Aoust jean-baptiste burnet Robert Delatolla Sarah Dorner Qiudi Geng John P.Giesy Jr Robert Mike McKay Michael R.Mulvey Natalie Prystajecky Nivetha Srikanthan Yuwei Xie Bernadette Conant Steve E.Hrudey Canadian SARS-CoV-Inter-Laboratory Consortium Consultant to Canadian Water Network Inc. KitchenerCanada Presently at Ontario Clean Water Agency MississaugaCanada Environmental Microbiology BC Centre for Disease ControlVancouverCanada Department of Biology University of WaterlooWaterlooCanada National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegCanada Public Health Laboratory Alberta Precision LaboratoryEdmontonCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine&Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2G3Canada Faculty of Engineering University of OttawaOttawaCanada Département des génies civil géologique et des minesPolytechnique MontréalMontréalCanada Veterinary Biomedical Sciences University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada Toxicology Centre University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research University of WindsorWindsorCanada Department of Medical Microbiology University of ManitobaWinnipegCanada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Canadian Water Network Inc. WaterlooCanada Group author details below

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater is a promising tool for informing public health decisions during the COVID-19 ***,approaches for its analysis by use of reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR)are still far from standardized *** characterize inter-and intra-laboratory variability among results when using various methods deployed across Canada,aliquots from a real wastewater sample were spiked with surrogates of SARS-CoV-2(gamma-radiation inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and human coronavirus strain 229E[HCoV-229E])at low and high levels then provided"blind"to eight *** estimates reported by individual laboratories were consistently within a 1.0-log_(10) range for aliquots of the same spiked *** laboratories distinguished between low-and high-spikes for both *** expected,greater variability was observed in the results amongst laboratories than within individual laboratories,but SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration estimates for each spiked condition remained mostly within 1.0-log_(10) *** no-spike wastewater aliquots provided yielded non-detects or trace levels(<20 gene copies/mL)of SARS-CoV-2 *** appear linked to methods that included or focused on the solids fraction of the wastewater matrix and might represent in-situ SARS-CoV-2 to the wastewater ***-229E RNA was not detected in the no-spike ***,all methods yielded comparable results at the conditions *** behavior of SARS-CoV-2 and spiked surrogates in wastewater should be considered to evaluate method effectiveness.A consistent method and laboratory to explore wastewater SARS-CoV-2 temporal trends for a given system,with appropriate quality control protocols and documented in adequate detail should succeed.

关键词： COVID-19 Wastewater surveillance Public health Quality assurance Quality control

Efficiency of Legumes in Increasing Yam Yield under Sandy Ferrasol in the Forest Zone of Southwestern Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 227-236页

作者： Germaine A. Tanoh Félix B. O. Bouadou jean baptiste D. Ettien Department of Soil Sciences Water and Geomaterials University of Felix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Department of Food Security and Nutrition Swiss Center for Scientific Research in C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

The cropping system is based on traditional farming in rural areas. In this way, yields of some food crops like yam are very low considering their high need for nutrients. The nutrient-rich land is under high land pressure as it is occupied by cash crops such as oil palm and rubber at the expense of food crops and soil fertility is declining. The study was conducted in Grand-Lahou to assess the effect of organic matter provided by legumes in increasing yam yield. The randomized complete block design included four (4) treatments: Arachis hypogaea + yam association (T1), Acacia mangium + yam association (T2), Arachis + Acacia mangium + yam association (T3) and pure yam crop (T0). The parameters measured were: the soil nutrients content, the rate of mineralization of organic matter through the C/N ratio as well as the yield of yam through different techniques that allowed the objective of the study to be achieved. It was noted a slight improvement of nitrogen and organic carbon in all treatments with a higher value recorded in the T2 treatment. The C/N ratio decreased to 12 in all treatments compared to the control, which reflects a normal decomposition of the organic matter. Treatment T1 increased yam yield (8.4 t/ha) in contrast to treatments T2 (4.1 t/ha) and T3 (2.8 t/ha). Legume-based treatments T2 and T3 were associated with a significant decrease in yam yield, resulting in losses of −46.34% to −25.09%, while treatment T1 resulted in a gain of 28.57%. As a result, the treatments involving legumes contributed to normalizing the organic matter content of the soil. The simultaneous association of these two legumes led to a decrease in yam production, contrary to the treatment associating only groundnut.

关键词： Legumes Organic Matter Yam Yield Côte d’Ivoire

Morbidity and Mortality Related to Infectious Diseases in the Roi Boudouin Paediatric Ward in Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 727-737页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Aliou Abdoulaye Ndongo Djeneba Fafa Cissé Sidy Lamine Mbaye jean baptiste Niokhor Diouf Fatou Ly Pediatrics Ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Sngal Pediatrics Ward of Roi Boudouin Hospital Dakar Sngal

Introduction: Infant and child morbidity and mortality linked to infections remain a major concern in both developed and developing countries. The general objective was to determine the characteristics of hospital morbidity and mortality linked to infectious pathologies in the pediatric department of the King Baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study focusing on children hospitalized from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 in the pediatric department of the King Baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Results: During the study period, 1474 children were hospitalized for an infectious pathology in the pediatric department. The sex ratio was 1.48. Children aged between one and twelve months represented 34.12%. Morbidity due to respiratory and digestive infections was 42.33% and 33.45%, respectively. Pediatric hospital mortality was 0.75% with a predominance noted in infants between 1 and 12 months (55.86%). Respiratory, digestive infections, sepsis and neurological infections were the main causes of death. Factors associated with mortality were age (1 to 12 months) with p Conclusion: Reducing infant and child mortality linked to infectious diseases remains a crucial challenge to address for improving children’s health. Early detection of related signs, prevention of infections, and adequate care and monitoring of infants and children can contribute to this reduction.

关键词： Morbidity Mortality Infections Children

Interest of Non-Invasive Markers (APRI, FIB-4) for Assessing Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis B without Cytolysis and with Low Viral Replication

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期14卷 192-201页

作者： Mamadou Diakité Kouassi Olivier Claver Koffi Amadou Koné Akoun Fabrice Aké Oury Diallo Ahmadou Stellart jean M. Brou Anassi jean-baptiste Okon Department of Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Teaching Hospital of Bouak&#233 Bouak&#233 C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Faculty of Medical Sciences Alassane Ouattara University Bouak&#233 C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Background and Objectives: The indication for treatment in HBsAg-positive patients with low viral load and normal transaminases requires an assessment of fibrosis. In resource-limited settings, free hepatic fibrosis evaluation tests can aid in therapeutic decision-making. Our study aims to demonstrate the utility of assessing hepatic fibrosis using non-invasive markers (APRI and FIB-4) in patients with chronic B viral hepatitis without cytolytic activity and low viral replication in our context. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted between January 2018 and December 2021 at the University Hospital Center of Bouaké. Included were all patients aged ≥18 with normal transaminases (Results: Our study included 241 patients, with a mean age of 36.19 years (±10.52 years) and a male predominance of 52%. The mean FibroScan® value was 6.44 ± 2.3 kPa, and 68 patients (28.22%) had fibrosis >7 kPa. To exclude significant fibrosis (FS Conclusion: A significant proportion of HBV-infected patients with normal ALT and low viral load have active liver disease. Both FIB-4 and APRI biological scores are useful in identifying individuals without significant fibrosis with a good negative predictive value (>50%).

关键词： HBV Infection APRI FIB-4 Impulse Elastography BouakéUniversity Hospital

Nephroblastoma in Adults about a Clinical Case

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Surgical Science 2024年第2期15卷 81-88页

作者： Tounkara Cheickna Coulibaly Amara Malle Oumar Amadou Bréhima Bolo Coulibaly Bagoyoko Kaloga Daye Samake Hamidou Berthe Honoré jean-baptiste Gabriel Diakite Mamadou Lamine Department of General Surgery Hospital Center “Mother Child” Luxembourg Bamako Mali Directorate of Army Health Services Kati Mali Department of Urology and Andrology Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali

Nephroblastoma is the most common malignant renal tumor in children and is related to an abnormal proliferation of cells resembling those of the embryonic kidney (metanephroma), hence the terminology;embryonal tumor. These are tumors that remain and remain unstudied in Mali because they are common in adults in our context. Its annual incidence is estimated at approximately 1/10,000 births. Nephroblastoma is a rare or even exceptional tumor in adults. The clinical manifestation was a large swelling of the right hypochondrium;abdominal pain for a year;unquantified fever, hypertension, initial hematuria associated with burning during urination and anemia. The main clinical manifestation remained fever and abdominal pain. This renal tumor posed a diagnostic problem which was previously labeled as a mesenteric tumor in our general surgery department. The diagnosis was made by imaging: CT and magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment is multidisciplinary and combines chemotherapy, surgery with or without radiotherapy. The prognosis is poor due to late diagnosis and less effectiveness of chemotherapy compared to the child. Survival did not exceed a year and a half because the renal tumor in our patient was surgically overcome. We report a case of nephroblastoma in an 86-year-old patient with unfavorable histology (hematogenous metastases), operated on in the general surgery department and whose postoperative course was simple and who was referred to oncology for treatment.

关键词： Nephroblastoma Malignant Kidney Tumor Treatment Adult Mali

Acceptance and Experience of HIV-Infected Adolescents in Two Hospitals in Yaoundé

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 435-443页

作者： Isabelle Mekone Nkwele Nelly Kamgaing Pierrette Amanda Emah Manga jeannette Épée Ngoué Hélène Kamo Sélangai Claude Audrey Meguieze Nsoh Ndeh-Fofang Serge Tchoukoua jean-baptiste Fotso Djemo Paul Koki Ndombo Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé de Bangangté Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon

Introduction: Access to antiretroviral drugs has improved the survival of children infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). As they reach adolescence, they are confronted with various constraints related to the infection and its treatment, in addition to those of the growth period they are going through. The main aim of the study was to assess the acceptance and describe the experience of HIV infection by infected adolescents but also to investigate the factors associated with good acceptance and a positive experience. Methodology: The cross-sectional analytic study concerned HIV-infected adolescents aged 15 to 19 followed up at the Chantal Biya Foundation-Mother and Child Centre (CME-FCB) and the Yaoundé University Hospital Centre (CHUY) between February 2020 and June 2020. The study saw participants complete a questionnaire containing socio-demographic data and assessing acceptance and experience with the infection. Data analysis was accomplished using Epi info software version 7.***.2.6. Results: One hundred and thirteen HIV-infected adolescents were included in the study. The sex ratio was 0.68 and the mean age was 17 years. More than half of the adolescents had a good acceptance and positive experience with the infection. Related factors were the adolescent’s perception of good health and participation in an association with other infected adolescents. Conclusion: Emphasizing the psychological and educational follow-up of infected adolescents and encouraging their participation in associations for adolescents living with HIV could reduce the consequences of poor acceptance and ensure a better transition to adulthood. .

关键词： HIV Adolescent Acceptance Experience

Role of Media in Promoting Peace and Conflict Resolution in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2024年第2期14卷 101-111页

作者： jean-Paul Paluku Kamili Richard Muhindo Taghembwa jean-baptiste Kakule Mbakula Universitéde l’Assomption au Congo(UAC) ButemboRDC

The research examined the role of media in promoting peace and conflict resolution in North Kivu,Democratic Republic of *** security situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC),particularly in the eastern region of North Kivu,has been *** study was anchored in social identity *** research methodology employed for this study was qualitative,focusing on the analysis of *** Mateso’s contributions to Radio Okapi’s“Dialogue entre Congolais”program during the period from 2019 to *** research was conducted within the broader context of the persistent war and conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo,providing valuable insights into the dynamics and challenges of addressing the ongoing insecurity and violence in the *** study found that media,exemplified by Radio Okapi,plays a multifaceted and significant role in promoting peace and conflict resolution in North Kivu,Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC).It serves as a critical source of accurate information,enabling informed decision-making regarding ceasefire agreements,peace talks,and humanitarian *** fosters dialogue and understanding among different stakeholders,contributing to reconciliation ***,it raises awareness about the human cost of the conflict,challenges misinformation,monitors peace agreements,amplifies the concerns of the affected population,and promotes human rights and *** also engages youth,serves as an early warning system,and attracts global attention to the *** is recommended that media organizations in North Kivu continue their efforts to facilitate dialogue and understanding among different stakeholder ***,media should maintain its focus on raising awareness about the human cost of the conflict,ensuring that the suffering of civilians remains in the spotlight and generates international empathy and *** outlets should also continue their role as watchdogs by closely monitoring the im

关键词： media peace building conflict resolution North-Kivu

Dry reforming of methane on doped Ni nanoparticles:Featureassisted optimizations and ranking of doping metals for direct activations of CH_(4) and CO_(2)

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 9670-9682页

作者： Shiru Lin jean-baptiste Tristan Yang Wang Junwei Lucas Bao Department of Chemistry Boston CollegeChestnut HillMassachusetts 02467USA Department of Computer Science Boston CollegeChestnut HillMassachusetts 02467USA

As a vital energy resource and raw material for many industrial products,syngas(CO and H_(2))is of great *** reforming of methane(DRM)is an important approach to producing syngas(with a hydrogen-to-carbon-monoxide ratio of 1:1 in principle)from methane and carbon dioxide,with a lower operational cost as compared to other reforming ***,many pure metallic catalysts used in DRM face deactivation issues due to coke formation or sintering of the metal particles.A systematic search for highly efficient metallic catalysts,which reduce the reaction barriers for the rate-determining steps and resist carbon deposition,is urgently *** is a typical low-cost transition metal for activating the C–H bond in *** this work,we applied a two-step workflow to search for nickel-based bimetallic catalysts with doping metals M(M-Ni)by combining density functional theory(DFT)calculations and machine learning(ML).We focus on the two critical steps in DRM—CH_(4) and CO_(2) direct *** used DFT and slab models for the Ni(111)facet to explore the relevant reaction pathways and constructed a data set containing structural and energetic information for representative M-Ni *** used this dataset to train ML models with chemical-knowledge-based features and predicted CH_(4) and CO_(2) dissociation energies and barriers,which revealed the composition–activity relationships of the bimetallic *** also used these models to rank the predicted catalytic performance of candidate systems to demonstrate the applicability of ML for catalyst *** emphasized that ML ranking models would be more valuable than regression models in high-throughput ***,we used our trained model to screen 12 unexplored M-Ni systems and showed that the DFT-computed energies and barriers are very close to the ML-predicted values for top candidates,validating the robustness of the trained model.

关键词： Ni-based bimetallic catalysts dry reforming of methane syngas production CH_(4)and CO_(2)direct activations ranking model

Twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)effect in multi-phase metastable beta Zr-Nb alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第8期139卷 120-125页

作者： Junhui Tang Ahmed Zorgati jean-baptiste Philippe Vermaut Frédéric Prim Fan Sun PSL Research University Chimie ParisTechCNRS-UMR8247Institut de Recherche de Chimie ParisParis 75005France Sorbonne University Ecole PolytechniquePalaiseau 91128France Gaillard Paris-Saclay University Commissariatàl’Energie AtomiqueService d’Etude des Matériaux IrradiésGif-Sur-Yvette 911191France PSL Research University Chimie ParisTechCNRS-UMR8247Institut de Recherche de Chimie ParisParis 75005France Sorbonne UniversityUPMC University ParisUFR926Paris 75005France

During the last decades,a large amount of scientific works had been devoted toβ-type Zr and Ti alloys for biomedical applica-tions due to their high strength,good corrosion resistance,low magnetic susceptibility and ... 详细信息

关键词： alloys corrosion resistance