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Ingestion of Caustics by Children in Brazzaville (CONGO)

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第3期8卷 283-291页

作者： Lucie Charlotte Atipo-ibara Ikobo Ollandzobo Clausina Ahoui-Apendi Jile Florient Mimiesse-Monamou jean Robert Mabiala Babela Deby-Gassaye Blaise Irénée Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Infant Pediatric Service University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Service University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Ingestion of caustics by children is serious because of the increase in their frequency and the difficulties due to their management. Objective: To improve the management of caustic lesions in Pediatric Department at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: Prospective study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2015 in the Pediatric Departments of the UHB and centers of digestive endoscopy in Brazzaville. All children who ingested a caustic product and hospitalized were included after obtaining parental’s consent. The studied parameters were: Age, sex, nature and quantity of the caustic, the family’s attitude, clinical signs, endoscopic results according to Zagar’s classification, therapeutic modalities and evolution. Results: 8292 children were hospitalized and 68 because of the ingestion of caustic, a frequency of 0.8%. The average age was 23.6 months [2 months - 16 years]. The male sex was predominant (57.4%). Ingestion was accidental in 88.2% and voluntary in 11.8%. Factors favoring ingestion were storage methods (81.5%) and parental’s inattention or negligence (10.8%). Bleach was the most incriminated caustic (54.4%) followed by caustic soda (29.4%). The estimated quantity ingested was assumed to be minimal in 61.7%. Unsuitable acts were practiced by the family before the medical consultation in 66.1%. The dominant symptoms were digestive (47%) and neurological (25%). The average time to perform endoscopy was 48 hours in 88.2%. Endoscopy revealed lesions in 51.7%, the different stages were I (12 cases), II (16 cases) and III (3 cases). The mains factors of gravity were inappropriate gestures (85%) and the non-respect of the fasting (9%). Proton pump inhibitors were used in 50%. The evolution was favorable for in 73.5%. Conclusion: Ingestion of caustics by children is most often accidental favored by the inadequate packaging and storage. Prevention is about educating people in order to reduce their frequency.

关键词： Caustic Lesions Child Brazzaville

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Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Epidemiological, Clinical and Endoscopic Aspects in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第4期13卷 131-139页

作者： Bienvenu H. Atipo-ibara Anicet Boumba Lucie C. Atipo ibara Ollandzobo Ikobo Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo Jile F. Mimiesse Monamou Ngala A. Itoua-Ngaporo Donatien Moukassa Blaise I. Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Hugues Dieudonné Loemba Molecular Biology Laboratory Pointe-Noire Republic of the Congo Pointe-Noire Research Zone National Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSSA) Pointe-Noire Republic of the Congo Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine CHU Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Anatomical Pathology Edith Lucie Bongo Odimba General Hospital Oyo Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection is a real health problem worldwide. It is the most common chronic bacterial infection in the world, and is particularly prevalent in developing countries. Objective: To determine the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection and to study the epidemiological, clinical and endoscopic characteristics associated with this infection in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from January to November 2020, i.e. 11 months. This work focused on 100 symptomatic patients over 18 years old referred for upper GI endoscopy. Gastric biopsies for biological study by urease test and molecular study by real time PCR technique were taken. Results: With a mean age of 46.32 ± 15.20 years, the frequency of Hp infection was 91%, with a female predominance of 53%. The sex ratio was 0.92. The average age was 46.32 ± 15.20 years. Carriage of the infection was more important in households with more than 3 persons, in patients consuming public tap water and in those using both types of sanitary facilities. Endoscopy was indicated for epigastralgia in 93.1% of cases. About 56.14% of the infected patients had normal mucosa versus 12.28% with ulcerated lesions and 22.81% with gastritis. Conclusion: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is significant in Congo, justifying early detection in order to improve management.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Carriage Chronic Gastritis Gastric Ulcer Brazzaville

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Persons Infected with the Hepatitis B Virus on Their Own Disease

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第4期12卷 119-127页

作者： Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo Clausina Philestine Ahoui Apendi Jile Florent Mimiesse Monamou Rody Ngami Marlyse Ngalessami Mouakosso Mardoché Motoula Latou Deby Gassaye Blaise Irénée Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Brazzaville Hospital and Universitary Center Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a communicable disease that is preventable by vaccination. Knowledge of transmission routes and prevention methods could play a key role in limiting and reducing the spread of the disease. Aim: This was a prospective study that was carried out from July 1 to September 30, 2018 in the department of gastroenterology and internal medicine in people carrying the hepatitis B virus. All patients were asked about their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding viral hepatitis B. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, collecting prospective data, which was carried out from July 1 to September 30, 2018 in the gastroenterology department of CHUB (University Hospital of Brazzaville). Eligible for the study were all patients who consulted or were followed in the ward for HBV infection during the study period. All patients were asked about their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding viral hepatitis B. After obtaining informed consent, we asked patients about knowledge, attitudes and practices towards the hepatitis B virus. The data was collected on a pre-established survey sheet respecting anonymity and confidentiality. CSPro 7 software and SPSS 17 software were used for data entry and analysis. Chi-square was used to compare the percentages. These were expressed with their 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]. A value of p 0.005 was considered significant. Results: Forty-two patients were included in the study, these were 66.7% (n = 28) men and 33.3% (n = 14) women. The average age was 38.76 ± 10.9 years. 45.2% of them (n = 19) were single and 59.5% (n = 25) had the next highest level of education. Thirty-nine patients had no knowledge of the source of their contamination;the sexual route was the most cited (61.9%). Alcohol consumption was rated badly by 38 patients (90.5%);of these 22 (52.4%) thought it worsened the disease. Lack of knowledge of an HBV carrier in the family was noted in 33 (78.6%) patients;20 (47.6%)

关键词： Viral Hepatitis B Knowledge Attitudes Practices Carriers Brazzaville

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Biological Markers of Undernutrition and Risk of Complications in Children Hospitalized at the Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第2期10卷 1-9页

作者： Christel Mikolélé-Bilombo Lucie Charlotte Atipo-ibara Ollandzobo Steve Vassili Missambou Mandilou Thibaut Ocko Gokaba Lethso Clausina Mikolélé-Bilomb Ahoui Josué Simo Louokdom Martial Landry Miguel Etienne Mokondjimobe Donatien Moukassa jean Robert Mabiala-Babela Ange Antoine Abena jean-rosaire ibara Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Department of Pediatrics Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Cameroon Mountain University Douala Cameroon Denis Sassou Nguesso University Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Undernutrition is a condition frequently encountered in pediatrics. It leads to an increased morbidity and mortality regardless of the underlying condition or other risk factors such as age. In countries with limited resources such as ours, the diagnosis of undernutrition is often limited to the clinical presentation, and the contribution of biology is not often taken into account. Objectives: To establish the relationship between anthropometric parameters and biological markers in the diagnosis and classification of undernutrition and to assess the risk of infectious complications during undernutrition in children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Brazzaville among undernourished children aged 1 - 59 months between October 2018 and April 2019. Clinical diagnosis was based on WHO growth charts. The CRP, orosomucoid, albumin and transthyretin were obtained using the Cobas c311 analyzer, which enabled the calculation of Prognostic Inflammatory and Nutritional Index (PINI). The comparison of the means of the biological markers used the Student’s t-test, the risk of infectious complications the chi-square. The correlation of the diagnostic value of Z-score weight/height and PINI was also investigated. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Of the 95 children enrolled 63 (66.3%) were clinically severely malnourished, including 26 acute (41.3%) and 37 chronic (58.7%). The PINI revealed severe undernutrition in 85 children (89.4%) including 50 acute (58.8%) and 35 chronic (41.2%). CRP and orosomucoid were statistically higher in severe acute undernutrition (p Conclusion: Anthropometric parameters have a front-line advantage for assessing and classifying undernutrition. However, biological markers of undernutrition with PINI should be systematized in the diagnosis and management of undernutrition.

关键词： Undernutrition Nutritional Marker Inflammatory Marker PINI Child Congo

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Recurrent Iron Deficiency Anemia Revealing Chronic Gastritis with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第2期11卷 47-51页

作者： Jile Florient Mimiesse Ngala Itoua-Ngaporo Arnaud Mongo Onkouo Clausina Ahoui Apendi Lucie Atipo ibara Ollandzobo Marlyse Ngalessami Mouakosso Mardoché Perez Motoula Rody Stéphane Ngami Sandra Celine Adoua Firmin Bossali Deby Gassaye Blaise Irénée Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

We report a clinical case of a 21-year-old patient with iron deficiency anemia related to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The pan gastritis due to H. pylori and an unexplained iron deficiency anemia has recently been proposed although still discussed. Among the possible causes the role played by this bacterium remains controversial. The diagnosis had been mentioned in view of the recurrence of anemia and confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Anemia was corrected by iron supplementation associated with a specific treatment of this germ.

关键词： Iron Deficiency Anemia Helicobacter pylori Pangastritis

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Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Viral Hepatitis B and C Screening by General Practitioners in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第12期10卷 311-316页

作者： Rody Stéphane Ngami Sonia Opomba Philestine Clausina Mikolele Ahoui Apendi Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo Jile Florient Mimiesse Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo Marlyse Ngalessami Céline Sandra Adoua Deby Gassaye Blaise Irénée Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Brazzaville University Hospital Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

The involvement of general practitioners in the early detection of viral hepatitis B and C must be paramount. The objectives of this work were to assess GPs’ knowledge, attitude and practice with regard to screening for viral hepatitis B and C. We carried out a cross-sectional analytical study among GPs recruited by simple random sampling from the list of GPs in the city of Brazzaville. The judgement criteria were knowledge and practice of screening for viral hepatitis B and C, assessed according to a Likert scale divided into 3 categories: very good, good and bad. One hundred and twenty-one general practitioners were included, including 48 women and 73 men, with a sex ratio of 1.52;the average age was 33 years;52.89% of them worked in the private sector with an average period of activity of 4 years. The majority of the doctors had a good knowledge (69.42%) and a bad practice (56.20%) of screening for viral hepatitis B and C. The duration of activity was the factor linked to knowledge of viral hepatitis B and C (p = 0.006) while age was the factor linked to the practice of screening for viral hepatitis B and C (p = 0.0366). In conclusion, in Brazzaville, general practitioners’ knowledge of screening for viral hepatitis B and C is good in general, but the practices are poor and require targeted in-service training.

关键词： Viral Hepatitis B and C Screening General Practitioners Brazzaville

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Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Pointe Noire, Republic of Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第8期7卷 84-93页

作者： Brunel M. Angounda Serge O. Mokono Ngala Itoua-Ngaporo Jourdain B. Nziengue M’vouala Jile F. Mimiesse Clausina M. Ahoui Apendi Gabriel Ahombo Blaise I. Atipo ibara jean rosaire ibara Faculty of Science and Technology Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Congo National Center of Blood Transfusion Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Hospital and University Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a public health problem and is highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and potential risk factors of hepatitis C virus in pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving pregnant women who attended at seven antenatal clinics in Pointe Noire, from June to November 2018. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain participants data. Samples were screened for HCV infection by using 4th ELISA methods and data analysis was done by Epi-info version 7.0 statistical software. Results: A total of 150 pregnant women were included, out of which 11 (7.3%) were positive for HCV. The high proportion of HCV was found in age group 25 - 34 years (45.4%), educated (81.1%), professional (36.4%) and 54.6% were in second trimester gestational stage. Moreover, 54.6% of HCV positive patients had scarification and 45.5% had a history of surgery. There was not a statistically significant association between demographics characteristics, risks factors and HCV seropositivity (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of HCV infection and confirmed that this infection is a public health problem in pregnant women in Pointe Noire.

关键词： Pregnancy HCV Risk Factors

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Profile of patients with pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus at the University Hospital of Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第6期11卷 105-111页

作者： Rody Stéphane Ngam Evariste Bouenizabila Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo Jile Florient Mimiesse Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo Motoula Latou Pérès Mardochée Relda Itoko Okombi Philestine Clausina Mikolele Ahoui Apendi Deby Gassaye Blaise Irénée Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Brazzaville University Hospital Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Introduction: pancreatic cancer a poor prognosis disease for which there is no screening. Its association with diabetes is not uncommon and may influence the evolutionary profile. The aim of this study was to describe the profile of diabetic patients who could benefit from pancreatic cancer screening. Methods: we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in the gastroenterology department of the University Hospital of Brazzaville, from January 2010 to December 2019. Epidemiological variables (age, sex, alcoholism, smoking), tumor variables (symptoms, site, size, density, extension) and time of occurrence of both entities were analyzed using Epi info software. Results: A total of 35 patients were hospitalized for pancreatic cancer, of whom 17 were men and 15 women, for a sex ratio of 1.21. The mean age of the patients was 60.3 ± 13 years. Fifteen patients (43.75%) were diabetic, all classified as type 2. Among them, the diagnosis of diabetes of 10 patients (66.7%) preceded pancreatic cancer diagnosis and delay between the two pathologies was on average 3.4 years ± 5.3 months. Diabetes was observed in 11 patients older than 60 years. The difference was significant (OR = 4.8;95% CI [1.1 - 22.8];p = 0.0226). The other epidemiological variables studied were not related to the two pathologies. Conclusion: we propose a screening for pancreatic cancer when diabetes is discovered to patients from 60 years old, whatever their sex, especially during the first 3 years

关键词： Pancreatic Cancer Diabetes Mellitus Association

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Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Brazzaville: Comparative Study of Two Identification Tests

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第11期9卷 223-227页

作者： Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo Lucie C. A. I. O. Ikobo Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo Jile Florent Mimiesse Monamou Clausina Philestine Ahoui Apendi Rody Stéphane Ngami Marlyse Ngalessami Mouakosso Deby Gassaye Blaise Irenée Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine of Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Department of Infant Pediatrics of Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo

Objective: To determine the place of two identification tests for Helicobacter pylori infection available in Congo. Materials and Methods: This was a comparative study carried out in two digestive endoscopy centers in Brazzaville from 1 January to 31 May 2018. Symptomatic patients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included systematically. The frequency of infection was determined from two identification tests, namely the rapid urease test in gastric biopsies and the detection of antigen (Ag) for the germ in the stool. The criterion for judging the presence of the germ in each patient was the positivity of at least one of the two tests. The McNEMAR X2 test (p < 0.05) was used for the comparison of averages. Results: During the study period, 137 consenting patients were included, including 62 men and 75 women. The overall incidence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection was 79.6% (109/28). Of the 137 patients, 18 were urease positive only;6 were looking for Hp Ag in the stool, and 85 were in the two tests. The frequency of infection was 75.2% (103/137) with the rapid urease test and 66.4% (91/137) with the Hp Ag test in stool. The rapid urease test proved more reliable in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection than the stool antigen test.

关键词： Helicobacter Pylori Identification Tests Brazzaville

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Viral Hepatitis B: Seroprevalence and Genetic Diversity in Blood Donors North of Congo

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第12期9卷 239-245页

作者： Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo Amelia Dzia Lepfoundzou Dinghat Ornela Marlyne Yvonne Ahoui Apendi Clausina Philestine Jile Florent Mimiesse Monamou Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo Rody Stéphane Ngami Mouakosso Marlyse Ngalessami Céline Sandra Adoua Deby Gassaye Blaise Irénée Atipo ibara jean-rosaire ibara Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Cong Department of Metabolic Diseases of Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is the most formidable and confusing of all viral hepatitis, given its cirrhogenic and carcinogenic potential. The objective of the study is to characterize the molecular profile of hepatitis virus B in northern Congo. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study that was carried out between January and September 2014, that is 9 months, in the establishments of the National Center for Blood Transfusion (CNTS) of the 4 departments of the north of the Congo. Epidemiological, serological and molecular variables (HBsAg, HBV DNA, genotypes and subtypes) were studied. The HBs antigen was searched by rapid test and confirmed by ELISA. For all positive donors, conventional and specific gene extraction and amplification techniques were performed for the identification of genotypes and subtypes from the serum. Results: A total of 892 donors were included. The average age was 35.36 ± 12.36 years with extremes ranging from 18 to 65 years old. The sex ratio (M/F) was 3.3. The prevalence of HBV was 8.6%. The viral DNA of HBV was amplified in 83.1%. Four genotypes were found: E (40.6%), A (3.1%), B (3.1%) and C (1.6%). Two cases of co-infection were identified: E/A (15.6%) and B/C (1.6%). Subgenotypes A1, B2 and C1 were highlighted. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV is high, HBV infection remains a major public health problem for blood donors in Congo. Genotypes E, A, B, C as well as subtypes A1, B2, C1 have been identified in northern Congo.

关键词： HBV Molecular Biodiversity Subgenotypes North Congo

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