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Experimental evidence of obesity as a risk factor for severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5260-5265页

作者： jean-Louis Frossard pierre Lescuyer Catherine M Pastor Service of Gastroenterology Geneva University HospitalsGeneva 1205Switzerland Laboratory of pathophysiology and molecular imaging Geneva University HospitalsGeneva 1205Switzerland Service of Genetics and Central Laboratory Geneva University HospitalsGeneva 1205Switzerland

The incidence of acute pancreatitis,an inflammation of the pancreas,is increasing *** injury is mild in 80%-90% of patients who recover without *** remaining patients may develop a severe disease with local complications such as acinar cell necrosis,abscess and remote organ injury including lung *** early prediction of the severity of the disease is an important goal for physicians in management of patients with acute pancreatitis in order to optimize the therapy and to prevent organ dysfunction and local *** that purpose,multiple clinical scale scores have been applied to patients with acute ***,a new problem has emerged:the increased severity of the disease in obese ***,the mechanisms by which obesity increases the severity of acute pancreatitis are *** hypotheses have been suggested:(1) obese patients have an increased inflammation within the pancreas;(2) obese patients have an increased accumulation of fat within and around the pancreas where necrosis is often located;(3) increase in both peri-and intra-pancreatic fat and inflammatory cells explain the high incidence of pancreatic inflammation and necrosis in obese patients;(4) hepatic dysfunction associated with obesity might enhance the systemic inflammatory response by altering the detoxification of inflammatory mediators;and(5) ventilation/perfusion mismatch leading to hypoxia associated with a low pancreatic flow might reduce the pancreatic oxygenation and further enhance pancreatic *** experimental investigations also show an increased mortality and morbidity in obese rodents with acute pancreatitis and the implication of the adipokines lep-tin and *** models are important to investigate whether the inflammatory response of the disease is enhanced by *** is exciting to speculate that manipulation of the adipokine milieu has the potential to influence the severity of acute pancreatiti

关键词：急性胰腺炎治疗临床检查

卢旺达职业教育培训机构教师在实施能力导向培训时面临的挑战——以卢旺达理工学院为例

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卢旺达职业教育培训机构教师在实施能力导向培训时面临的挑战——...

作者： Nkundimana jean pierre 华东师范大学

学位级别：硕士

卢旺达职业技术教育培训中,职业学校引入了能力导向培训教学理念,其价值正在逐渐体现。这类培训预计能够显著提高接受相关培训的毕业生的就业技能,也将有助于满足国家对熟练和合格工人的需求。尽管该培训具有重要意义和未来潜力,但依旧... 详细信息

卢旺达职业技术教育培训中,职业学校引入了能力导向培训教学理念,其价值正在逐渐体现。这类培训预计能够显著提高接受相关培训的毕业生的就业技能,也将有助于满足国家对熟练和合格工人的需求。尽管该培训具有重要意义和未来潜力,但依旧需要关注实施相关的问题。本文旨在研究卢旺达职业教育培训机构实施能力导向培训中教师面临的挑战。研究有三个具体目标:描述卢旺达教师对能力导向培训的看法,研究能力导向培训在教师教学方法中的重要性,以及调查卢旺达职业教育培训机构中实施能力导向培训时教师面临的挑战。教育部、卢旺达理工学院的综合理工学院、与职业教育培训系统合作的其他发展伙伴以及未来的研究人员都将从中获益。作者采用适当的研究方法来探索卢旺达职业教育培训机构中实施能力导向培训培训时教师面临的困难,以获得可靠和有效的结果。研究过程采用了定性研究方法,通过深度访谈收集了主要数据。通过归纳分析和数据解释,探讨存在的问题,并得出结论和建议,优化卢旺达职业教育培训机构中能力导向培训的教学方式。

关键词：教师面临的挑战职业教育培训能力导向培训实施

火山灰材料在道路工程路基改良中的应用研究 ——以东非卢旺达穆桑兹地区为例

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火山灰材料在道路工程路基改良中的应用研究 ——以东非卢旺达穆...

作者： HABIMANA jean pierre 绍兴文理学院

学位级别：硕士

土壤是道路建设系统的重要组成部分,因此有必要提高土壤路基材料的强度和稳定性,以获得足够的承载力来支撑车辆荷载。总体而言,本文的研究重点是在道路工业中使用火山材料改善土壤路基,以东非卢旺达的Musanze地区为例,Musanze是该地区... 详细信息

土壤是道路建设系统的重要组成部分,因此有必要提高土壤路基材料的强度和稳定性,以获得足够的承载力来支撑车辆荷载。总体而言,本文的研究重点是在道路工业中使用火山材料改善土壤路基,以东非卢旺达的Musanze地区为例,Musanze是该地区存在的材料之一。穆桑泽区是卢旺达通过其火山在可持续发展方面进展迅速的城市之一,这些火山呈现不同的喷发时间。事实上,这项研究的目的是制定火山喷发后在道路工业中使用这些火山材料的计划,并设计改善土壤路基所需的可能参数。该项目是由于该地区土壤路基和未使用火山材料的承载力不稳定而提出的,这些材料可作为保持这些火山材料稳定的关键,以满足用作路基的技术要求。该项目也有助于提高我们如何通过使用火山材料使用不同技术改善土壤路基的知识,并有助于熟悉不同的土壤测试,如加州承载比（CBR）、粒度分布和普氏测试,尤其是压实。结果表明,原始土样的最大干密度为1.616g/cm,混合火山物质的原始土样最大干密度达1.866g/cm,高于仅原始土样。使用火山材料稳定土壤后,由于火山材料含有47.9%的二氧化硅,可以吸收土壤中多余的水分,导致原生土壤的塑性指数值下降。可以看出,土为软粘土,塑性指数约为10.1%,属于高液限粘土（CH）,质量属于中等至较差的高塑性路基。土壤路基中火山物质混合物对天然土壤强度的影响可以从未烘焙条件下的CBR测试结果中看出,在14天的养护时间内,与火山物质混合的每一种土壤变化都可以看出,20%的火山物质增加到原始土壤,导致CBR值从14.5%增加到16.8%。添加一定比例的火山物质可以提高土壤的承载力,也可以提高土壤凝聚力。为了实现这一目标,将收集数据并进行分析。首先,将使用Arc GIS软件和Cova Dis获得地形数据,以确定采样地点;第二,还将进行岩土工程测试;第三,还将绘制和解释测试样本的结果。这些数据的分析将使用微软Excel和工程软件等计算机程序进行。

关键词：道路工程路基土壤改良黏土火山灰

A general extension theorem for cohomology classes on non reduced analytic subspaces

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Science China Mathematics 2017年第6期60卷 949-962页

作者： CAO JunYan DEMAILLY jean-pierre MATSUMURA Shin-ichi Institut de Mathématiques de Jussieu UniversitéPierre et Marie CurieParis 75252France Institut Fourier UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGlares 38610France Mathematical Institute Tohoku UniversitySendal 980-8578Japan

The main purpose of this paper is to generalize the celebrated L^2 extension theorem of Ohsawa and Takegoshi in several directions: The holomorphic sections to extend are taken in a possibly singular hermitian line bundle, the subvariety from which the extension is performed may be non reduced, the ambient manifold is K¨ahler and holomorphically convex, but not necessarily compact.

关键词： compact Khler manifold singular hermitian metric coherent sheaf cohomology Dolbeault cohomology plurisubharmonic function L^2 estimates Ohsawa-Takegoshi extension theorem multiplier ideal sheaf

Accumulation of Flavonoids in an ntra ntrb Mutant Leads to Tolerance to UV-C

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 249-258页

作者： Talaat Bashandy Ludivine Taconnat jean-pierre Renou Yves Meyer jean-Philippe Reichheld Laboratoire Genome et Developpement des Plantes Universite de Perpignan UMR CNRS 5096 52 avenue Paul Alduy 66860 Perpignan France Unite de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale 91057 Evry cedex France

NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductases （NTRs） are key regulatory enzymes determining the redox state of thioredoxins. There are two genes encoding NTRs （NTRA and NTRB） in the Arabidopsis genome, each encoding a cytosolic and a mitochondrial isoform. A double ntra ntrb mutant has recently been characterized and shows slower plant growth, slightly wrinkled seeds and a remarkable hypersensitivity to buthionine sulfoximine （BSO）, a specific inhibitor of gluta- thione biosynthesis. In this paper, we demonstrate that this mutant also accumulates higher level of flavonoids. Analysis of transcriptome data showed that several genes of the flavonoid pathway are overexpressed in the ntra ntrb mutant. Accumulation of flavonoids is generally considered a hallmark of plant stress. Nevertheless, no elevation of the expression of genes encoding ROS-detoxification enzymes was observed, suggesting that the ntra ntrb plants do not suffer from oxidative disease. Another hypothesis suggests that flavonoids are specifically synthesized in the ntra ntrb mutant in order to rescue the inactivation of NTR. To test this, the ntra ntrb mutant was crossed with transparent testa 4 （tt4） plants with a mutation in the gene encoding the first enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis. As ntra ntrb plants are more resistant to UV-C treatment than wild-type plants, this higher resistance was abolished in the ntra ntrb tt4 mutant, suggesting that accumulation of flavonoids in the ntra ntrb mutant protects plants against UV-light.

关键词： abiotic/environmental stress oxidative and photo-oxidative stress secondary metabolism - phenylpropanoidsand phenolics gene expression Arabidopsis.

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卢旺达西北部典型滑坡失稳及防治对策

卢旺达西北部典型滑坡失稳及防治对策

作者： Ngaboyigihugu jean pierre 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

滑坡是全球普遍发生的地质灾害之一,它常常造成大量人员伤亡、自然资源退化和基础设施破坏。卢旺达西部、北部的丘陵和山区,山体滑坡是经常发生的最严重的自然灾害,已经造成巨大的生命和财产损失。卢旺达是一个多山、多雨的国家,全年平... 详细信息

滑坡是全球普遍发生的地质灾害之一,它常常造成大量人员伤亡、自然资源退化和基础设施破坏。卢旺达西部、北部的丘陵和山区,山体滑坡是经常发生的最严重的自然灾害,已经造成巨大的生命和财产损失。卢旺达是一个多山、多雨的国家,全年平均降雨量超过500毫米,在西部和北部的一些地区降雨量高达2000毫米左右。由于最低温度14～17℃,最高温度范围为27～32℃,相对湿度高70%～77%,导致蒸发量低,地表降雨更易富集于岩土层,这为滑坡的产生提供了更便利的条件。本文利用数值模拟技术系统分析了卢旺达典型滑坡的地层不稳定性,探讨了卢旺达不同地区滑坡灾害的风险等级以及相应工程防治措施的可行性。论文的主要研究工作总结如下:(1)采用数值模拟方法,基于GTS NX软件,对卢旺达西北部地区滑坡的地层失稳进行,分析坡度、降雨、边坡切割对边坡失稳的影响规律。当坡度在40°以上时,西北地区容易发生30°以上的滑坡灾害,而南部省份滑坡坡度在25°以上。降雨和坡度梯度条件是卢旺达滑坡的重要原因。(2)应用Bishop,spencer和强度折减法分析了卢旺达典型边坡的稳定性,研究结果表明,多数多层土体边坡、人工切坡的安全系数小于标准值1.35,这些边坡自然状态均不稳定。(3)利用数值模拟技术,分析了在卢旺达利用锚杆与H型桩支护措施加固边坡的可行性并评价了加固的效果。鉴于卢旺达滑坡灾害的不稳定性和减灾工程措施,本文对滑坡产生的地质和人为因素进行了分析,并在此基础上为卢旺达自然边坡和人工边坡灾害的防治和建筑、自然环境资源管理战略提供了参考,为卢旺达滑坡灾害风险评估和减灾策略提供了理论支持和工程实践指导。

关键词：卢旺达滑坡锚杆 H型桩数值模拟

The potential value of intravascular ultrasound imaging in diagnosis of aortic intramural hematoma

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第4期8卷 224-229页

作者： Wei Hu Francois Schiele Nicolas Meneveau Marie-France Seronde pierre Legalery jean-Francois Bonneville Sidney Chocron jean-pierre Bassand Department of Cardiology Min Hang District Central HospitalShanghai 201100China Department of Cardiology University Hospital Jean MinjozBesançon 25000France Department of Radiology University Hospital Jean MinjozBesançon 25000France Department of Cardiac Surgery University Hospital Jean MinjozBesançon 25000France

Objective To evaluate the potential value of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)imaging in the diagnosis of aortic intramural hematoma(AIH).Methods From September 2002 to May 2005,a consecutive series of 15 patients with suspected aortic dissection(AD)underwent both IVUS imaging and spiral computed tomography(CT).Six patients diagnosed as acute type B AIH by CT or IVUS composed the present study *** The study group consisted of five males and one female with mean age of 66 years *** of them had chest or back *** one patient,CT omitted a localized AIH and an associated penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer(PAU),which were detected by *** another patient,CT mistaken a partly thrombosed false lumen as an AIH,whereas IVUS detected a subtle intimal tear and slow moving blood in the false *** the four rest patients,both CT and IVUS made the diagnosis of AIH,however,IVUS detected three PAUs in three of them,only one of them was also detected by CT,and two of them escaped initial CT and were confirmed by follow up CT or magnetic resonance *** IVUS imaging is a safe examination and has high accuracy in the diagnosis of AIH,particularly for diagnosing localized AIH,distinguishing AIH with thrombosed classic AD and detecting accompanied small PAUs.

关键词： intravascular ultrasound diagnosis aortic intramural hematom

Preliminary investigation of late Mughal period wall paintings from historic monuments of Begumpura,Lahore

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2018年第4期7卷 465-472页

作者： Saima Gulzar jean-pierre Burg Department of Architecture University of Management and TechnologyLahore 54770Pakistan Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Geological InstituteNO E 67Sonneggstrasse 5CH-8092 ZurichSwitzerland

Deterioration of wall paintings caused by environmental pollution is a worldwide problem especially with reference to the present industrial era. The alarming incremental trend of pollution in Pakistan has threatened the cultural assets. The deposition of pollutants on historic fabric is the main source of chemical and mineralogical alterations of wall paintings. The present diagnostic study investigated the main deterioration mechanisms affecting wall paintings of the late Mughal period, in the Begumpura Complex, in Lahore. Micro samples were characterized by XRD and SEM-EDS to identify deterioration products and understand deterioration mechanisms prevalent at the heritage site. The results revealed that red ocher, green earth and calcium carbonate were initially used for red, green and white pigments, respectively. Sodium chloride (halite, NaCl) and gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) were identified as the main deterioration products.

关键词： Deterioration Wall Painting Begumpura Lahore

Synthesis and purification of long copper nanowires. Application to high performance flexible transparent electrodes with and without PEDOT：PSS

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 315-324页

作者： Celine Mayousse Caroline Celle Alexandre Carella jean-pierre Simonato CEA LITEN / DTNM / LCRE 17 rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble France

We demonstrate the hydrothermal synthesis of long copper nanowires based on a simple protocol. We show that the purification of the nanowires is very important and can be achieved easily by wet treatment with glacial acetic acid. Fabrication of random networks of purified copper nanowires leads to flexible transparent electrodes with excellent optoelectronic performances (e.g., 55 Ω/sq. at 94% transparency). The process is carried out at room temperature and no post-treatment is necessary. Hybrid materials with the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS show similar properties (e.g., 46 Ω/sq. at 93% transparency), with improved mechanical properties. Both electrodes were integrated in capacitive touch sensors.

关键词： PEDOT 透明电极光电性能纳米线 PSS 合成基纯化铜