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Selection of rhizobial strains differing in their nodulation kinetics under low temperature in four temperate legume species

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Grassland Research 2023年第3期2卷 197-211页

作者： Emmanuelle D'Amours Annick Bertrand jean cloutier François-Philippe Chalifour Annie Claessens Solen Rocher Marie Bipfubusa Chantal Giroux Chantal J.Beauchamp Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Quebec Research and Development CentreQuebec CityQuebecCanada Département de phytologie Facultédes Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'AlimentationUniversitéLavalQuébec CityQuebecCanada Centre de recherche sur les grains(CÉROM) Saint-Mathieu-de-BeloeilQuebecCanada

Background:Winter climate change including frequent freeze-thaw episodes and shallow snow cover will have major impacts on the spring regrowth of perennial ***-bloating perennial forage legume species including sainfoin,birdsfoot trefoil,red clover,and alsike clover have been bred for their adaptation to harsh winter *** parallel,the selection of cold-tolerant rhizobial strains could allow earlier symbiotic nitrogen(N)fixation to hasten spring regrowth of ***:To identify strains forming nodules rapidly and showing high N-fixing potential,60 rhizobial strains in association with four temperate legume species were evaluated over 11 weeks under spring soil temperatures for kinetics of nodule formation,nitrogenase activity,and host ***:Strains differed in their capacity to form efficient nodules on legume hosts over *** showing higher nitrogenase activity were arctic strain N10 with sainfoin and strain L2 with birdsfoot *** clovers,nitrogenase activity was similar for control and inoculated plants,likely due to formation of effective nodules in controls by endophyte rhizobia present in ***:Selection based on nodulation kinetics at low temperature,nitrogenase activity,and yield was effective to identify performant rhizobial strains for legume *** use of cold-tolerant strains could help mitigate winter climatic changes.

关键词： cold-tolerant rhizobia Lotus corniculatus low temperature Onobrychis viciifolia rhizobium symbiosis Trifolium hybridum Trifolium pratense

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Adipocytes modulate vascular smooth muscle cells migration potential through their secretions

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2013年第4期3卷 227-235页

作者： Souhad El Akoum Isabelle cloutier jean-Francois Tanguay Montreal Heart Institute MontrealCanada Departement de Sciences Biomedicales Facultede MedecineUniversitede MontrealMontrealCanada

Impairment of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is recognized as a predisposition factor for atherosclerosis development. We hypothesize that the metabolic syndrome has a direct impact on VSMC migration and phenotypic switching, which may increase the incidence of atherosclerotic events. Aortic VSMC were extracted from 10 weeks old C57BL6 mice and incubated for 24 hr in adipocytes conditioned cell culture medium. Adipocytes were extracted from diabetic C57BL6 male mice fed with either a vegetal or an animal High-Fat-Diet (HFD) for 20 weeks. Migration of VSMC in response to conditioned media stimulations was significantly modulated compared to control. The most extended effects on VSMC were triggered by adipocytes from mice fed with animal HFD. These effects were concurrent with increased leptin concentrations and decreased adiponectin levels in conditioned media. A significant up-regulation of CD36 mRNA level was found in VSMC treated with adipocytes from HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, we have shown that the development of adipocyte-induced VSMC alterations is linked to diet fatty acid composition and the degree of metabolic alterations. The modulation of adipokine secretions in the adipose tissue that is linked to metabolic alterations may alter the physiology of VSMC and thus accelerate the development of metabolic-related vascular diseases.

关键词： Adipocytes Atherosclerosis Type 2 Diabetes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Migration

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High-Fat Diets-Induced Metabolic Alterations Alter the Differentiation Potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 197-207页

作者： Vikie Lamontagne Souhad El Akoum Isabelle cloutier jean-Francois Tanguay Département des Sciences Biomédicales Universitéde MontréalMontréalCanada Montreal Heart Institute MontréalCanada

Background: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASC) possess the ability to differentiate into adipocytes or endothelial cells to help in the adipogenesis, vasculogenesis and vascular repair. This study aims at determining the impact of high-fat diets (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D) on the differentiation potential of ASC. Results: C57BL/6J male mice were fed a vegetal (VD) or an animal (AD) HFD. Isolation of ACS from mice showing different levels of metabolic alterations reveals that advanced T2D did not affect the number of cells per gram of tissue. Rather, a higher proportion of inflammatory CD36+ cells was identified in HFD fed mice. Despite a marked decreased expression of adipogenic genes (aP2, C/EBPα and PPARγ2), ASC from HFD groups had a higher adipogenic potential and a lower endothelial differentiation potential in vitro compared to control. ASC from the VD group had enhanced cyclin B1 expression and had more adipogenic potential compared to AD group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the metabolic modifications, linked to the nature of fatty acids in diets, modulate the differentiation potential of ASC with increased adipogenesis to the detriment of the endothelial pathway. Results highlight the importance of evaluating the ASC differentiation behavior in a context of autologous cell-based therapy for the repair of vascular tissues in diabetic patients.

关键词： Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Type 2 Diabetes Adipocytes Endothelial Cells Differentiation Vascular Cellular Therapy

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对妊娠母猪精准饲喂的一个决策支持系统评估(下)

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猪业科学 2021年第2期38卷 20-23页

作者：何颖(译) Charlotte Gaillard Nathalie Quiniou Raphael Gauthier Laetitia cloutier jean-Yves Dourmad 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司辽宁鞍山114100 不详

前报道的使用精准饲喂模式(PF),将2种不同赖氨酸水平的日粮(高赖氨酸-H,低赖氨酸-L)进行不同比例混合后饲喂生长育肥猪,相对于基于单一配方的日粮(C)的传统饲喂模式(CF),可以减少蛋白摄入和N排放。使用基于猪场数据的模拟方法,文章旨在... 详细信息

前报道的使用精准饲喂模式(PF),将2种不同赖氨酸水平的日粮(高赖氨酸-H,低赖氨酸-L)进行不同比例混合后饲喂生长育肥猪,相对于基于单一配方的日粮(C)的传统饲喂模式(CF),可以减少蛋白摄入和N排放。使用基于猪场数据的模拟方法,文章旨在描述和评估精准饲喂妊娠母猪的一个决策支持系统,该系统允许给每头母猪每天供应一个定制日粮。有两个数据组,猪场A中有2511头妊娠母猪,猪场B中有2528头妊娠母猪,在电子设备上通过构建Python模型,在授精时输入母猪特征并在产仔时输入具体目标。该模型主要基于InraPorc,计算每头母猪整个妊娠期的营养需要,并模拟了PF相对于CF的影响。模拟日粮L、H和C分别含有标准回肠可消化赖氨酸(SID Lys)3.0 g/kg、6.5 g/kg和4.8 g/kg,标准总肠道可消化磷(STTD-P)2.0 g/kg、3.3 g/kg和2.5 g/kg。采用混合模型分析猪场、胎次、妊娠周对SID Lys和STTD-P计算需要的影响程度以及三者的互作效应。在妊娠期后三分之一阶段,SID Lys和STTD-P计算需要量显著增加(P<0.01),且初产母猪的需要高于经产母猪,但是妊娠14周后的STTD-P需要例外。猪场B的SID AA和矿物元素计算需要量低于猪场A(SID AA分别为2.93 g/kg和3.08 g/kg,STTD-P分别是1.30 g/kg和1.35 g/kg,P<0.01)。通过PF模式进行的饲喂方案,猪场A和猪场B平均饲喂L日粮占总日粮的86%和92%。相比于CF,猪场A和猪场B通过PF模式的平均日粮SID Lys计算含量要低27%和32%,而平均日粮磷计算含量要低13%和16%。对于SID Lys缺乏或过量的母猪模拟比例可通过PF来减少。相比于CF,PF模式使每头母猪在妊娠期的模拟饲料损耗减少3.6%,并同时减少氮和磷的摄入(分别减少11.0%和13.8%)和排出(分别减少16.7%和15.4%)。综上所述,这些模拟计算表明:妊娠母猪精准饲喂,呈现出满足氨基酸需要的同时,减少饲料损耗以及氮、磷的摄入和排泄。

关键词：氨基酸环境妊娠母猪矿物元素营养精准饲喂

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