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Functionally graded structure of a nitride-strengthened Mg_(2)Si-based hybrid composite

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1239-1256页

作者： jeongho Yang Woongbeom Heogh Hogi Ju Sukhyun Kang Tae-Sik Jang Hyun-Do Jung Mohammad Jahazi Seung Chul Han Seong je Park Hyoung Seop Kim Susmita Bose Amit Bandyopadhyay Martin Byung-Guk Jun Young Won Kim Dae-kyeom Kim Rigoberto CAdvincula Clodualdo Aranas Jr Sang Hoon Kim School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Process Research 3 Team LG Display Co.Ltd.PajuGyeonggi-do 10845Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Institute of Well-Aging Medicare&Chosun University LAMP Center Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering École de Technologie SupérieureMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada Material&Component Convergence R&D Center Korea Construction Equipment Technology InstituteGunsanJeollabuk-do 54002Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Graduate Institute of Ferrous&Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongsangbuk-do 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWashington 99164USA School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Research Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyIncheon 21999Republic of Korea Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio 44106USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennessee 37996USA Center for Nanophase Materials and Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37830USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 5A3Cana

The ex-situ incorporation of the secondary SiC reinforcement,along with the in-situ incorporation of the tertiary and quaternary Mg_(3)N_(2) and Si_(3)N_(4) phases,in the primary matrix of Mg_(2)Si is employed in order to provide ultimate wear resistance based on the laser-irradiation-induced inclusion of N_(2) gas during laser powder bed *** is substantialized based on both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reactionbased metallurgy of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid *** study also proposes a functional platform for systematically modulating a functionally graded structure and modeling build-direction-dependent architectonics during additive *** strategy enables the development of a compositional gradient from the center to the edge of each melt pool of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid ***,the coefficient of friction of the hybrid composite exhibits a 309.3%decrease to–1.67 compared to–0.54 for the conventional nonreinforced Mg_(2)Si structure,while the tensile strength exhibits a 171.3%increase to 831.5 MPa compared to 485.3 MPa for the conventional *** outstanding mechanical behavior is due to the(1)the complementary and synergistic reinforcement effects of the SiC and nitride compounds,each of which possesses an intrinsically high hardness,and(2)the strong adhesion of these compounds to the Mg_(2)Si matrix despite their small sizes and low concentrations.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Mg_(2)Si-SiC/nitride hybrid composite Both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reaction-based metallurgy Functionally graded structure Compositional gradient Wear resistance.

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Treatment of benign rectal stricture caused by repeated anal insertion by endoscopy and balloon dilation:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第2期16卷 91-97页

作者： Shih-Hung Liu Jung-Cheng Kang je-Ming Hu Chao-Yang Chen Kuan-Hsun Lin Ta-Wei Pu Department of Surgery Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTaiwan Adventist HospitalTaipei 105Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Thoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgerySongshan BranchTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 105Taiwan

BACKGROUND Benign rectal strictures can be categorized as primary(disease-related)and secondary(surgical anastomosis-related).Secondary strictures arise from surgical complications,whereas primary strictures have diverse etiologies,including various inflammatory *** strictures are usually managed by surgery and *** present an unusual etiology of benign rectal stricture caused by the repeated insertion of foreign objects into the rectum for sexual purposes,resulting in rectal injury and subsequent chronic *** SUMMARY A 53-year-old man presented to the outpatient clinic of the Colorectal Surgery Department with symptoms of chronic constipation and bloody *** patient previously experienced rectal injury due to foreign object insertion for sexual *** revealed benign circumferential narrowing of the *** underwent treatment by endoscopic argon plasma coagulation and balloon dilation and follow-up as an outpatient for 4 months.A colonoscopy at the end of the follow-up period revealed no evidence of rectal stricture *** A history of rectal injury,followed by chronic inflammation,should be considered in patients with benign rectal *** with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation and balloon dilation can prevent the need for surgical resection of benign rectal strictures.

关键词： Chronic rectal inflammation Colonoscopy Benign rectal stricture Foreign body insertion Rectal injury Case report

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音乐治疗可以改善自闭症者的注意能力吗?

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中国音乐 2024年第3期 197-205页

作者：许洁江俊王莞琪上海音乐学院声乐歌剧系上海师范大学音乐学院上海师范大学心理学院上海师范大学教育发展基金会

自闭症是一种严重影响患者社交互动和行为表现的神经发育障碍,对全球公共卫生构成了重大挑战。尽管自闭症者可能面临许多困难,但他们通常具有良好的音乐能力,使音乐治疗成为潜在的康复手段。然而,音乐治疗是否能够改善自闭症症状尚不明... 详细信息

自闭症是一种严重影响患者社交互动和行为表现的神经发育障碍,对全球公共卫生构成了重大挑战。尽管自闭症者可能面临许多困难,但他们通常具有良好的音乐能力,使音乐治疗成为潜在的康复手段。然而,音乐治疗是否能够改善自闭症症状尚不明确。本研究基于注意加工可能是自闭症的核心假设,探讨了自闭症者的注意障碍,并评估了音乐治疗对其注意能力的影响。研究结果显示,自闭症者具有注意障碍;在训练与测试任务相似的情况下,被动接受式、主动参与式或综合性的音乐治疗都能提高其注意能力。这些结果为自闭症治疗提供了有益的参考,证实了音乐治疗的有效性,同时为缓解自闭症症状提供了新思路。

关键词：音乐治疗自闭症注意执行功能紊乱理论测验

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In Vitro Antioxidant and Radio Protective Activities of Lycopene from Tomato Extract against Radiation—Induced DNA Aberration

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 202-213页

作者： Safaiatul Islam Abu Hena Mostofa Kamal Md. Ziaur Rahman Protul Kumar roy A.Y.K. Md. Masud Rana Molecular Radiobiology and Biodosimetry Division Institute of Food and Radiation Biology Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Savar Bangladesh

Background: The accumulation of free radicals is linked to a number of diseases. Free radicals can be scavenged by antioxidants and reduce their harmful effects. It is therefore essential to look for naturally occurring antioxidants that come from plants, as synthetic antioxidants are toxic, carcinogenic and problematic for the environment. Lycopene is one of the carotenoids, a pigment that dissolves in fat and has antioxidant properties. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The impact of lycopene on bacteria (E. coli) susceptibility to γ-radiation was examined by radio sensitivity assay. The study also examined the induction of strand breaks in plasmid pUC19 DNA and how lycopene extract protected the DNA from γ-radiation in vitro. Results: At varying concentrations, lycopene demonstrated its ability to scavenge free radicals such as 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). IC50 for lycopene was determined at 112 μg/mL which was almost partial to IC50 of standard antioxidant L-ascorbic acid. The D10 value 180 Gy of E. coli was found to be >2-fold higher in the extract-containing lycopene sample than in the extract-free controls. The lycopene extracts inhibited the radiation-induced deterioration of the plasmid pUC19 DNA. At an IC50 concentration, lycopene provided the highest level of protection. Conclusion: Lycopene functions as an efficient free radical scavenger and possible natural antioxidant source. For cancer patients and others who frequently expose themselves to radiation, lycopene may be a useful plant-based pharmaceutical product for treating a variety of diseases caused by free radicals.

关键词： Radio Protective Antioxidants Free Radical DNA Damage pUC19 Plasmid Gamma Irradiation DPPH

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莫迪着眼“发达印度”愿景

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第7期 22-24页

作者： Ruchi Bhatia Anup roy 易语(译) 不详

印度经济的发展速度真能快到使之可以实现总理莫迪的2047愿景?经济学家对此深表怀疑。2022年8月,印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪(Narendra Modi)在新德里历史悠久的红堡(Red Fort)发表演讲时作出了一个大胆承诺:到2047年,印度将身发达国家之列... 详细信息

印度经济的发展速度真能快到使之可以实现总理莫迪的2047愿景?经济学家对此深表怀疑。2022年8月,印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪(Narendra Modi)在新德里历史悠久的红堡(Red Fort)发表演讲时作出了一个大胆承诺:到2047年,印度将身发达国家之列。这种一年一度的独立日演讲通常都不乏空头承诺和宏伟愿景,因此当时也并无人多加在意。

关键词：莫迪空头愿景伦德拉印度经济的发展发达国家承诺

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Two-Stent Strategy for Bifurcation Lesions in Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty: Real-World Evidence

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 140-156页

作者： Dilip Kumar Amit Malviya Animesh Mishra Rabin Chakraborty Sanjeev S. Mukherjee Soumya Patra Arindam Pande Rana Rathor roy Debopriyo Mondal Ashesh Halder Sumit Shanker Medica Superspecialty Hospital 127 Eastern Metropolitan Bypass Nitai Nagar Mukundapur Kolkata West Bengal India North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health & Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS) Mawdiangdiang Shillong Meghalaya India

Background: Bifurcation lesions pose a high risk for adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Evidence supporting the benefits of the two-stent strategy (2SS) for treating coronary bifurcation lesions in India is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of various 2SSs for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for bifurcation lesions in India. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational, multicentric, real-world study included 64 patients over 8 years. Data on demographics, medical history, PCI procedures, and outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were computed using the SPSS software. Results: Patients (n = 64) had an average age of 65.3 ± 11.1 years, with 78.1% males. Acute coronary syndrome was reported in 18.8%, chronic stable angina in 40.6%, and unstable angina in 34.4% of participants. Two-vessel disease was observed in 98.4% of patients, and 99.4% had true bifurcation lesions. The commonly involved vessels were the left anterior descending artery (50%), left circumflex coronary artery (34.4%), and first diagonal artery (43.8%). Mean percent diameter stenosis was 87.2% ± 10.1%. The mean number of stents used was 2.00 ± 0.34. The 2SS techniques included the T and small protrusion (TAP) (39.1%), double kissing (DK) crush (18.8%), and the culotte techniques (14.1%). Procedural and angiographic success rate was 92.18%. Major adverse cardiovascular events at 1-year follow-up occurred in 7.8% of cases. Conclusion: The 2SS for bifurcation lesions showed favorable in-hospital and follow-up outcomes. Findings can serve as a resource for bifurcation angioplasty in India. Larger real-world studies with robust methodology are needed to validate these results.

关键词： Bifurcation Stenting Coronary Bifurcation Lesions Percutaneous

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Geospatial characteristics of fire occurrences in southern hemispheric Africa and Madagascar during 2001-2020

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 553-563页

作者： Chuyan Wan Shouraseni Sen roy Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Northwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Department of Geography and Sustainable Development University of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA

For this study of long-term spatial patterns and trends of active fires in southern hemispheric Africa and on Madagascar from 2001 to 2020,active fire data from the MODIS FIRMS global fire data products were *** annual center of fire concentration tended to migrate toward the preserved rainforests and nature conservation areas in the Congo Basin and the mountain forests on the northeastern coast of *** frequency varied seasonally at both study *** used geo statistical analysis techniques,such as measures of dispersion and emerging hot spot analysis,to reveal long-term trends in spatial patterns of fire *** southern hemispheric Africa,the observed active fires tended to drift northward toward the Zambia-DRC border in the Congo *** northward migration progressed toward humid rainforests,which were better suited to sustaining repeated fire *** Madagascar,the observed active fires tended to migrate toward the east coast in protected mountain *** spatial patterns of long-term trends showed a concentration of fires in the tropical regions of southern hemispheric ***,smaller clusters of new hot spots were located over eastern South Africa,overlapping with undifferentiated *** Madagascar,both hot and cold spots were identified and were separated by the highland region in the center of the *** of the eastern island was characterized by cold spots that received less precipitation than did the rest of the *** presence of increasing hots spots in the densely vegetated areas highlights the urgent need for fire prevention and management in this region.

关键词： Emerging hot spots analysis FIRMS Forest fi res Madagascar MODIS Southern hemispheric Africa Wildfi res

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Unexpected thermal conductivity enhancement in aperiodic superlattices discovered using active machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 99-105页

作者： Prabudhya roy Chowdhury Xiulin Ruan School of Mechanical Engineering and the Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907-2088USA

While machine learning(ML)has shown increasing effectiveness in optimizing materials properties under known physics,its application in discovering new physics remains challenging due to its interpolative *** this work,we demonstrate a general-purpose adaptive ML-accelerated search process that can discover unexpected lattice thermal conductivity(κ_(l))enhancement in aperiodic superlattices(SLs)as compared to periodic superlattices,with implications for thermal management of multilayer-based electronic *** use molecular dynamics simulations for high-fidelity calculations ofκ_(l),along with a convolutional neural network(CNN)which can rapidly predictκ_(l)for a large number of *** ensure accurate prediction for the target unknown SLs,we iteratively identify aperiodic SLs with structural features leading to locally enhanced thermal transport and include them as additional training data for the *** identified structures exhibit increased coherent phonon transport owing to the presence of closely spaced interfaces.

关键词： thermal conductivity transport

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Applying machine learning techniques to predict detonation initiation fromhot spots

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第3期9卷 121-127页

作者： je Ir Ryu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

As hot spots can be a source of detonation initiation by autoignition in a reactive mixture, understanding hotspot initiated detonation is significantly important for energy-related applications of detonation. Although theZel’dovich reactivity gradient theory is extremely useful to predict reaction propagation modes from hot spots,the prediction is limited due to the changes in the unburnt mixture during the induction time. In the currentstudy, machine learning based estimation methods by training the numerical simulation result data set aresuggested to avoid the extensive and empirical effort to find initial conditions of hot spot initiated detonationin inhomogeneous mixtures. The data set was obtained from the detailed numerical simulations with variousconditions of hot spots and divided into training and test data sets. Some variables were normalized withothers to avoid multicollinearity. Three different machine learning techniques, logistic regression, classificationand regression trees, and artificial neural network, were utilized to develop prediction models. Using thedeveloped models by machine learning approaches, the modes of hot spot initiated reaction front propagationcan be predicted without computationally expensive numerical simulations. The accuracies of the machinelearning based prediction models were significantly improved compared to the baseline model simply usingthe Zel’dovich reactivity gradient theory. These models can be utilized as preliminary prediction methods ofhot spot induced detonation initiation conditions for further detailed numerical simulations and dominantinput variables.

关键词： Detonation Deflagration Hydrogen Syngas Logistic regression CART Artificial neural network

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Time variant multi-objective linear fractional interval-valued transportation problem

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2022年第1期37卷 111-130页

作者： Dharmadas Mardanya Sankar Kumar roy Department of Applied Mathematics with Oceanology and Computer Programming Vidyasagar UniversityMidnapore 721102West BengalIndia

This paper studies a time-variant multi-objective linear fractional transportation problem. In reality, transported goods should reach in destinations within a specific time. Considering the importance of time, a time-variant multi-objective linear fractional transportation problem is formulated here. We take into account the parameters as cost, supply and demand are interval valued that involved in the proposed model, so we treat the model as a multi-objective linear fractional interval transportation problem. To solve the formulated model, we first convert it into a deterministic form using a new transformation technique and then apply fuzzy programming to solve it. The applicability of our proposed method is shown by considering two numerical examples. At last, conclusions and future research directions regarding our study is included.

关键词： fractional transportation problem multi-objective optimization interval number time variant parameter fuzzy programming Pareto optimal solution

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