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Brief electrical nerve stimulation enhances intrinsic repair capacity of the focally demyelinated central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1042-1050页

作者： Lydia Ayanwuyi Nataliya Tokarska Nikki A.mcLean jayne m.Johnston Valerie m.K.Verge Department of Anatomy Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Cameco mS Neuroscience Research Center University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Our lab has shown that brief electrical nerve stimulation(ES)has a dramatic impact on remyelination of lysophosphatidyl choline(LPC)-induced focally demyelinated rat peripheral nerves,while also inducing an axon-protective phenotype and shifting macrophages from a predominantly pro-inflammatory toward a pro-repair *** this same potential exists in the central nervous system is not ***,for proof of principle studies,the peripheral nerve demyelination and ES model was adapted to the central nervous system,whereby a unilateral focal LPC-induced demyelination of the dorsal column at the lumbar enlargement where the sciatic nerve afferents enter was created,so that subsequent ipsilateral sciatic nerve ES results in increased neural activity in the demyelinated *** reveal a robust focal demyelination at 7 days post-LPC *** of 1-hour ES at 7 days post-LPC polarizes macrophages/microglia toward a pro-repair phenotype when examined at 14 days post-LPC;results in smaller LPC-associated regions of inflammation compared to non-stimulated controls;results in significantly more cells of the oligodendroglial lineage in the demyelinated region;elevates myelin basic protein levels;and shifts the paranodal protein Caspr along demyelinated axons to a more restricted distribution,consistent with reformation of the paranodes of the nodes of *** also significantly enhanced levels of phosphorylated neurofilaments detected in the zones of demyelination,which has been shown to confer axon *** these findings support that strategies that increase neural activity,such as brief electrical stimulation,can be beneficial for promoting intrinsic repair following focal demyelinating insults in demyelinating diseases such as multiple *** animal procedures performed were approved by the University of Saskatchewan's Animal Research Ethics Board(protocol#20090087;last approval date:November 5,2020).

关键词： axon protection demyelination immune response lysophosphatidyl choline macrophage microglia multiple sclerosis myelin nervous system repair neural activity polarization

Identification of QTL and underlying genes for root system architecture associated with nitrate nutrition in hexaploid wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第4期21卷 917-932页

作者： marcus GRIFFITHS Jonathan A.ATKINSON Laura-jayne GARDINER Ranjan SWARUP michael P.POUND michael H.WILSON malcolm J.BENNETT Darren m.WELLS School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLE125RDUK Future Food Beacon of Excellence University of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLE125RDUK Integrative Phenomics Group School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLE125RDUK IBm Research The Hartree CentreWarringtonWA44ADUK School of Computer Science University of NottinghamNottinghamNG81BBUK

The root system architecture(RSA) of a crop has a profound effect on the uptake of nutrients and consequently the potential yield. However, little is known about the genetic basis of RSA and resource adaptive responses in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.). Here, a high-throughput germination paper-based plant phenotyping system was used to identify seedling traits in a wheat doubled haploid mapping population, Savannah×Rialto. Significant genotypic and nitrate-N treatment variation was found across the population for seedling traits with distinct trait grouping for root size-related traits and root distribution-related traits. Quantitative trait locus(QTL) analysis identified a total of 59 seedling trait QTLs. Across two nitrate treatments, 27 root QTLs were specific to the nitrate treatment. Transcriptomic analyses for one of the QTLs on chromosome 2 D, which was found under low nitrate conditions, revealed gene enrichment in N-related biological processes and 28 differentially expressed genes with possible involvement in a root angle response. Together, these findings provide genetic insight into root system architecture and plant adaptive responses to nitrate, as well as targets that could help improve N capture in wheat.

关键词： doubled-haploid population nitrate RNA-seq quantitative trait loci root system architecture Triticum aestivum L.(wheat)

Current mathematics education context in the US

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Current mathematics education context in the US

Hypertension and Heart Failure as Predictors of mortality in an Adult Congenital Heart Defect Population

第三届数学史与数学教育国际研讨会

作者： jayne fleener Thomas E.Ricks Louisiana State University

In this paper, the authors review the trends of mathematics education in the United States, tied with the development of society, from knowledge to knowing, to learning and finally to the full development of the potentials of the learners. Theoretical perspectives in current mathematics education contexts that have impacted the complexity of learning and teaching in mathematics are discussed, as well. As a conclusion, the authors call for interactive, interrelated and dynamic perspectives in mathematics teaching and learning.

关键词： mathematics Education in the US Trends Learners Knowledge Competencies Dispositions Constructivism Socio-cultural Constructivism Complexity science Ecology

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第4期16卷 333-355页

作者： Cheryl Raskind-Hood Kashaine A.Gray jayne morgan Wendy m.Book Department of Epidemiology Emory School of Public HealthAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Department of Public Health Mercer University College of Health ProfessionsAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Division of Cardiovascular Research Piedmont HospitalAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Division of Cardiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Early intervention to prevent premature mortality is vital for adults with congenital heart defects(CHD).Anatomic complexity and comorbid conditions are thought to contribute to CHD *** hypertension(HTN)and heart failure(HF)are the comorbid conditions among the most prevalent causes of death in the United States,and commonly accompany CHD,it is crucial to evaluate whether they are reliable predictors of mortality for adults with CHD(ACHD)independent of anatomic CHD complexity.A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of ACHD,aged 18–64,with concomitant HTN and/or HF and at least one health care encounter during 2008–2010 were *** 5,397 ACHD patients(18.3%HTN without HF,4.4%HF without HTN,8.3%with both),3.0%died(n=163)during the study ***,the sample was 45.1%white,61.4%female,and 29.0%had a complex *** those who died,23.3%had HTN without HF,17.2%had HF without HTN,and 42.3%had *** analyses revealed that older age,male gender,black race,and having public health insurance were associated with increased mortality during the three-year study period compared to ACHD patients who were younger,female gender,white race,and covered by private health *** patients diagnosed with non-complex CHD lesions(i.e.,shunts,valves,or shunts+valves)were at greater risk of dying compared to those with severe complex *** CHD type was assessed separately,those with valve lesions were more likely to die compared to those with complex CHD *** adjustment for age,gender,race,insurance and CHD complexity,ACHD patients with HF,with or without HTN,were equally likely to die during the study ***,ACHD patients with HF,without or without HTN,who had valve defects were more likely to die during the three-year study period compared to patients with complex CHDs.

关键词： Congenital heart defect risk factors hypertension heart failure mortality

生物结皮光合作用对光温水的响应及其对结皮空间分布格局的解译——以黄土丘陵区为例

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生态学报 2010年第17期30卷 4668-4675页

作者：赵允格许明祥 jayne Belnap 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室陕西杨凌712100 美国地质勘查局西南生物科学中心峡谷地实验站 utahmoab84532

生物结皮是具有生命活性的地表覆被物,在黄土丘陵半干旱区广泛发育。迄今有关该区不同类型生物结皮的光合、呼吸作用潜力及其影响因素还不清楚。通过野外调查采样,利用室内半开放光合测定系统,测定了黄土丘陵区典型的藻类(3年生)、藓类... 详细信息

生物结皮是具有生命活性的地表覆被物,在黄土丘陵半干旱区广泛发育。迄今有关该区不同类型生物结皮的光合、呼吸作用潜力及其影响因素还不清楚。通过野外调查采样,利用室内半开放光合测定系统,测定了黄土丘陵区典型的藻类(3年生)、藓类(土生扭口藓)生物结皮(13年生)光合及呼吸作用过程对水分、温度及光照等环境因子的响应,在此基础上,解释了不同类型生物结皮空间分布格局的内在原因。结果表明:(1)在适合的光温水条件下,生物结皮的光合及呼吸作用强度取决于生物组成,研究区藓结皮的光合及呼吸作用速率显著高于藻结皮;(2)水分是生物结皮光合、呼吸作用的关键影响因子,只有当水分含量达到一定水平,才有光合及呼吸的可能。黄土丘陵区藓类及藻类生物结皮光合作用最适水分条件分别为80%-100%和40%-80%田间持水量。(3)藓类及藻类生物结皮光合作用光补偿点PAR均低于10μmol.m-2.s-1,光饱和点PAR分别为1000和800μmol.m-2.s-1,研究中2类生物结皮均未出现光抑制现象。(4)温度显著影响生物结皮的光合及呼吸作用,研究区藓类及藻类生物结皮的最适光合温度分别为20-25℃和25-30℃。(5)生物结皮光合作用对含水量及温度的响应可以解释结皮的空间分布特征。藻类植物光合作用的最适含水量较低而最适温度较高,因此在失水较快的阳坡及开阔地面上依然可以大面积发育;而藓类植物光合作用对水分条件要求较高,因此在水分条件较好的阴坡、低洼地才易演替至藓结皮阶段。

关键词：生物结皮藻类植物藓类植物(土生扭口藓) 光合作用环境因子

Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第1期43卷 86-86页

作者： David R W jayne From Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge United Kingdom (D.R.W.J.) the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia (P.A.M.) and ChemoCentryx Mountain View CA (T.J.S. P.B.).

Background:The C5a receptor inhibitor avacopan is being studied for the treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)-associated ***:In this randomized,controlled trial,we assigned patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral avacopan at a dose of 30 mg twice daily or oral prednisone on a tapering *** the patients received either cyclophosphamide(followed by azathioprine)or rituximab.

关键词： ANCA C5a patients

Spions Increase Biofilm Formation by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2012年第4期3卷 508-518页

作者： Carl Haney John J. Rowe jayne B. Robinson Department of Biology University of Dayton Dayton USA

Limited research has suggested iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNP) have an inhibitory effect against several different genera of bacteria: Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Pseudomonas spp. In this study we looked at the effect of three different sets of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (FeNPs) on the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms. Two of the tested NPs were SPIONs (Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles). Exposure of cells to the SPIONs at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml resulted in an increase in biofilm biomass by 16 h under static conditions and a corresponding increase in cell density in the bulk liquid. In contrast, these biofilms had decreased levels of extracellular DNA (eDNA). Fe(II) levels in the supernatants of biofilms formed in the presence of FeNPs exceeded 100 μm compared with 20 μm in control media without cells. Spent cell supernatants had little effect on Fe(II) levels. Cells also had an effect on the aggregation behavior of these nanoparticles. SPIONs incubated with cells exhibited a decrease in the number and size of FeNP aggregates visible using light microscopy. SPIONs resuspended in fresh media or spent culture supernatants formed large aggregates visible in the light microscope upon exposure to a supermagnet;and could be pelleted magnetically in microtitre plate wells. In contrast, SPION FeNPs incubated with cells were unaffected by exposure to the supermagnet and could not be pelleted. The results of this study indicate a need to reconsider the effects of FeNPs on bacterial growth and biofilm formation and the effect the bacterial cells may have on the use and recovery of SPIONs.

关键词： Spion Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Biofilms Pseudomonas Aeruginosa magnetism Nanotechnology

Sustainable strategies for Ebola virus disease outbreak preparedness in Africa:a case study on lessons learnt in countries neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 60-69页

作者： Caroline S.Ryan marie‑Roseline D.Belizaire miriam Nanyunja Olushayo Oluseun Olu Yahaya Ali Ahmed Anderson Latt matthew Tut Kol Bertrand Bamuleke jayne Tusiime Nadia Nsabimbona Ishata Conteh Shamiso Nyashanu Patrick Otim Ramadan Solomon Fisseha Woldetsadik Jean‑Pierre mulunda Nkata Jim T.Ntwari Senya D.Nzeyimana Leopold Ouedraogo Georges Batona Vedaste Ndahindwa Elizabeth A.mgamb magdalene Armah Joseph Francis Wamala Argata Guracha Guyo Alex Yao Sokemawu Freeman Alexander Chimbaru Innocent Komakech muhau Kuku Walter m.Firmino Grace E.Saguti Faraja msemwa Shikanga O‑Tipo Precious C.Kalubula Ngoy Nsenga Ambrose Otau Talisuna WHO Sub-Regional Ofce for Africa NairobiKenya WHO Country Ofce BanguiCentral African Republic WHO Country Ofce JubaSouth Sudan WHO Regional Ofce for Africa BrazzavilleCongo WHO Sub-Regional Ofce for Africa DakarSenegal Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Addis AbabaEthiopia WHO Country Ofce BrazzavilleCongo WHO Coun‑try Ofce BujumburaBurundi WHO Country Ofce AsmaraEritrea WHO Country Ofce KigaliRwanda WHO Country Ofce KampalaUganda WHO Country Ofce LuandaAngola WHO Country Ofce Dar Es SalaamTanzania WHO Country Ofce LusakaZambia

Background: From may 2018 to September 2022, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) experienced seven Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks within its borders. During the 10th EVD outbreak (2018–2020), the largest experienced in the DRC and the second largest and most prolonged EVD outbreak recorded globally, a WHO risk assessment identified nine countries bordering the DRC as moderate to high risk from cross border importation. These countries implemented varying levels of Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions. This case study highlights the gains and shortfalls with the Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions within the various contexts of these countries against the background of a renewed and growing commitment for global epidemic preparedness highlighted during recent World Health Assembly *** text: Several positive impacts from preparedness support to countries bordering the affected provinces in the DRC were identified, including development of sustained capacities which were leveraged upon to respond to the subsequent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Shortfalls such as lost opportunities for operationalizing cross-border regional preparedness collaboration and better integration of multidisciplinary perspectives, vertical approaches to response pillars such as surveillance, over dependence on external support and duplication of efforts especially in areas of capacity building were also identified. A recurrent theme that emerged from this case study is the propensity towards implementing short-term interventions during active Ebola virus disease outbreaks for preparedness rather than sustainable investment into strengthening systems for improved health security in alignment with IHR obligations, the Sustainable Development Goals and advocating global policy for addressing the larger structural determinants underscoring these ***: Despite several international frameworks established at the global level for e

关键词： Ebola virus disease Emergency preparedness and response Lessons learned Case study International Health Regulations Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Effects of manure, Lime and P Fertilizer on N Uptake and Yields of Soybean （Glycine max （L.） merrill） in the Central Highlands of Kenya

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2013年第2期2卷 111-116页

作者： Benvindo Serafim Verde Benjamin Oginga Danga jayne Njeri mugwe Department of Agricultural Resources management Kenyatta University (KU) Nairobi 43844-00100 Kenya

Soybean (Glycine max (L.)) is one of the most important legume crops being introduced in the CHK (Central Highlands of Kenya) expected to increase yields. However, low levels of soil N (nitrogen) and other plant nutrients and soil acidity are seen as the major causes impairing goal achievement. To evaluate the influence of manure, lime, P (phosphorus) fertilizer and their combination on N uptake and soybean performance, an experiment was conducted in Embu ATC (Agricultural Training College) comprising 9 treatments, arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 replicates in plots of 4 m × 4.5 m. The study included manure (0, 5 and 10 t·ha-1), lime (0 and 2 t·ha-1) and P fertilizer (0, 30 and 60 kg·P·ha-1). The treatments significantly influenced N uptake and soybean yields. Both parameters responded well to application of manure both alone or combined to lime and TSP (triple super phosphate). From these it was concluded that organic and inorganic resources have potential to enhance N uptake and soybean and other crops yields in CHK.

关键词：大豆产量作物产量吸氮量肯尼亚石灰肥料高地磷肥