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Maternal supplementation with n-3 fatty acids affects placental lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, the endocannabinoid system, and the neonate cytokine concentrations in dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2012-2030页

作者： Priscila dos Santos Silva Gitit Kra Yana Butenko jayasimha Rayalu daddam Yishai Levin Maya Zachut Department of Ruminant Science Institute of Animal SciencesARO Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael Department of Animal Science The Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael Department of Animal Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael

Background The placenta plays a crucial role in supporting and influencing fetal *** compared the effects of prepartum supplementation with omega-3(n-3)fatty acid(FA)sources,flaxseed oil(FLX)and fish oil(FO),on the expression of genes and proteins related to lipid metabolism,inflammation,oxidative stress,and the endocannabinoid system(ECS)in the expelled placenta,as well as on FA profile and inflammatory response of ***-pregnant Holstein dairy cows were supplemented with saturated fat(CTL),FLX,or *** cotyledons(n=5)were collected immediately after expulsion,and extracted RNA and proteins were analyzed by RTPCR and proteomic *** blood was assessed for FA composition and concentrations of inflammatory *** FO increased the gene expression of fatty acid binding protein 4(FABP4),interleukin 10(IL-10),catalase(CAT),cannabinoid receptor 1(CNR1),and cannabinoid receptor 2(CNR2)compared with CTL *** expression of ECS-enzyme FA-amide hydrolase(FAAH)was lower in FLX and FO than in *** analysis identified 3,974 proteins;of these,51–59 were differentially abundant between treatments(P≤0.05,|fold change|≥1.5).Top canonical pathways enriched in FLX *** and in FO *** were triglyceride metabolism and inflammatory *** n-3 FA increased the placental abundance of FA binding proteins(FABPs)3 and *** abundance of CNR1 cannabinoid-receptor-interacting-protein-1(CNRIP1)was reduced in FO *** silico modeling affirmed that bovine FABPs bind to *** FLX increased the abundance of inflammatory CD44-antigen and secreted-phosphoprotein-1,whereas prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 was decreased in FO *** *** FO enriched neonatal plasma with n-3 FAs,and both FLX and FO reduced interleukin-6 concentrations compared with *** Maternal n-3 FA from FLX and FO differentially affected the bovine placenta;both enhanced lipid metabolism and modulated oxidative s

关键词： Antioxidants Dairy cows Endocannabinoid system Inflammation Omega-3 fatty acids Placenta

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In vitro and in silico studies of salicylic acid on systemic induced resistance against bacterial leaf blight disease and enhancement of crop yield

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 170-184页

作者： Wannaporn THEPBANDIT Narendra Kumar PAPATHOTI jayasimha Rayulu daddam Nguyen Huy HOANG Toan LE THANH Chanon SAENGCHAN Kumrai BUENSANTEAI School of Crop Production Technology Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Department of Animal Science Agriculture Research OrganizationRishon Lezion 7505101Israel Department of Plant Protection Can Tho UniversityCan Tho 900000Vietnam

Salicylic acid(SA)is an effective elicitor to promote plant defenses and *** study aimed to investigate rice(Oryza sativa L.)*** Dawk Mali 105 treated with salicylic acid(SA)-Ricemate as an enhanced plant protection mechanism against bacterial leaf blight(BLB)disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae ***(Xoo).Results indicated that the use of SA-Ricemate as a foliar spray at concentrations of more than 100 mg L^(-1)can reduce the severity of BLB disease by 71%.SA-Ricemate treatment also increased the hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))content of rice leaf tissues over untreated samples by 39–61%.Malondialdehyde(MDA)in rice leaves treated with SA-Ricemate also showed an increase of 50–65%when comparing to non-treated *** differential development of these defense compounds was faster and distinct when the SA-Ricemate-treated rice was infected with Xoo,indicating plant-induced ***,SA-Ricemate elicitor at a concentration of 50–250 mg L^(-1)was correlated with a substantial increase in the accumulation of total chlorophyll content at 2.53–2.73 mg g^(-1)of fresh weight which suggests that plant growth is activated by *** catalase-and aldehyde dehydrogenase-binding sites were searched for using the CASTp server,and the findings were compared to the *** was used to design and optimize SA,which was then docked to the catalase and aldehyde dehydrogenase-binding domains of the enzymes using the GOLD 3.0.1 *** is shown in several docked conformations with the enzymes catalase and aldehyde *** three catalase amino acids(GLN7,VAL27,and GLU38)were discovered to be involved in the creation of a strong hydrogen bond with SA when SA was *** this mechanism,the aldehyde dehydrogenase amino acids LYS5,HIS6,and ASP2 were all implicated,and these amino acids created strong hydrogen bonds with *** field conditions,SA-Ricemate significantly reduced disease severity by 78%and the total grain yield was si

关键词： bacterial leaf blight crop yield in vitro in silico rice defense salicylic acid

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Effects of omega-3 supplementation on components of the endocannabinoid system and metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose and liver of peripartum dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 378-389页

作者： Gitit Kra jayasimha Rayalu daddam Uzi Moallem Hadar Kamer Radka Kočvarova Alina Nemirovski GAndres Contreras Joseph Tam Maya Zachut Department of Ruminant Science Institute of Animal SciencesARO Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael. Department of Animal Science The Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael. Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory The Institute for Drug ResearchSchool of PharmacyFaculty of MedicineThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael. Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA.

Background:Dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the activation of the endocannabinoid system(ECS)by decreasing the availability of arachidonic acid,thus lowering endocannabinoids(e CBs)*** ECS is a modulator of energy metabolism,stress response and inflammation in mammals,yet there is little information on the roles of the ECS in transition dairy *** the periparturient period,the adipose tissue and liver are the main metabolic organs that participate in the adaptations of dairy cows to onset of lactation;however,exceeded adipose tissue lipolysis and accumulation of lipids in the liver have adverse effects on cows'*** we aimed to examine whether omega-3 supplementation during the transition period will modulate ECS activation and affect metabolic and inflammatory indices in postpartum dairy cows,by supplementing twenty-eight transition Holstein dairy cows with either saturated fat(CTL)or encapsulated flaxseed oil(FLX).Components of the ECS,metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured in blood,liver,and subcutaneous adipose ***:FLX supplementation reduced feed intake by 8.1%(P<0.01)and reduced plasma levels of arachidonic acid(by 44.2%;P=0.02)and anandamide(by 49.7%;P=0.03)postpartum compared to *** m RNA transcription levels of the cannabinoid receptor 1(CNR1/CB1)tended to be lower(2.5 folds)in white blood cells of FLX than in CTL(P=0.10),and protein abundance of ECS enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase was higher in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of FLX than in CTL(P=0.04).In adipose tissue,palmitoylethanolamide levels were lower in FLX than in CTL(by 61.5%;P=0.02),relative m RNA transcription of lipogenic genes were higher,and the protein abundance of cannabinoid receptor 2(P=0.08)and monoacylglycerol lipase(P=0.10)tended to be higher in FLX compared to *** 2-arachidonoylglycerol tended to be higher(by 73.1%;P=0.07),and interlukin-6 m RNA transcription level was 1.5 folds lower in liver of FLX

关键词： Adipose Dairy cows Endocannabinoid system Liver Omega-3

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Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1145-1157页

作者： Kristen Gallagher Isabelle Bernstein Cynthia Collings David Main Ghayyoor Ahmad Sarah Naughton jayasimha daddam Vengai Mavangira Mike Vandehaar Zheng Zhou Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Ames 50011USA

Background Dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation,but current preventative measures are not always *** with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)concentra-tions whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride(TG).Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids(branched-chain ketoacids,BCKA)on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks *** Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design *** were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1)saline(CON,n=12);2)BCA(67 g valine,50 g leu-cine,and 34 g isoleucine,n=12);and 3)BCK(77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt,57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt,and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt,n=12).All cows received the same *** effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in *** No differences were detected for body weight,body condition score,or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d *** receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON(6.60%vs.4.77%,standard error of the mean(SEM)0.49)during the first 3 weeks of *** of BCA increased milk yield(39.5 vs.35.3 kg/d,SEM 1.8),milk fat yield(2.10 vs.1.69 kg/d,SEM 0.08),and lactose yield(2.11 vs.1.67 kg/d,SEM 0.07)compared with *** to CON,cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose(55.0 vs.59.2 mg/dL,SEM 0.86)but higherβ-hydroxybutyrate(9.17 vs.6.00 mg/dL,SEM 0.80).Conclusions Overall,BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production,whereas BCKA supplementa-tion reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Branched-chain ketoacids Fatty liver Fresh cow

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Particle-Mediated Histotripsy for the Targeted Treatment of Intraluminal Biofilms in Catheter-Based Medical Devices

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 367-380页

作者： Christopher Childers Connor Edsall Isabelle Mehochko Waleed Mustafa Yasemin Yuksel Durmaz Alexander L.Klibanov jayasimha Rao Eli Vlaisavljevich Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Virginia TechUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Istanbul Medipol UniversityTurkey Division of Cardiovascular Medicine(Department of Medicine)and Robert M.Berne Cardiovascular Research Center at University of Virginia School of Medicine University of VirginiaUSA Department of Medicine Division of Infectious DiseasesVirginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineUSA ICTAS Center for Engineered Health Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityUSA

*** paper is an initial work towards developing particle-mediated histotripsy(PMH)as a novel method of treating catheter-based medical device(CBMD)intraluminal *** *** commonly become infected with bacterial biofilms leading to medical device failure,infection,and adverse patient *** is a noninvasive focused ultrasound ablation method that was recently proposed as a novel method to remove intraluminal ***,we explore the potential of combining histotripsy with acoustically active particles to develop a PMH approach that can noninvasively remove biofilms without the need for high acoustic pressures or real-time image guidance for *** cavitation thresholds in catheters containing either gas-filled microbubbles(MBs)or fluid-filled nanocones(NCs)were *** ability of these particles to sustain cavitation over multiple ultrasound pulses was tested after a series of histotripsy ***,the ability of PMH to generate selective intraluminal cavitation without generating extraluminal cavitation was ***,the biofilm ablation and bactericidal capabilities of PMH were tested using both MBs and *** significantly reduced the histotripsy cavitation threshold,allowing for selective luminal cavitation for both MBs and *** further showed PMH successfully removed intraluminal biofilms in Tygon ***,results from bactericidal experiments showed minimal reduction in bacteria *** results of this study demonstrate the potential for PMH to provide a new modality for removing bacterial biofilms from CBMDs and suggest that additional work is warranted to develop histotripsy and PMH for treatment of CBMD intraluminal biofilms.

关键词： cavitation remove filled

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