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Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease in the intensive care unit

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第1期11卷 22-32页

作者： Antonios Charokopos Teng Moua jay h ryu Nathan J Smischney Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Division of Critical Care MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

Acute exacerbations of interstitial lung disease(AE-ILD)represent an acute,frequent and often highly morbid event in the disease course of ILD *** in the intensive care unit(ICU)is very common and the need for mechanical ventilation arises *** non-invasive ventilation has shown promise in staving off intubation in selected patients,it is unclear whether mechanical ventilation can alter the exacerbation course unless it is a bridge to lung *** stratification using clinical and radiographic findings,and early palliative care involvement,are important in ICU *** this review,we discuss many of the pathophysiological aspects of AE-ILD and raise the hypothesis that ventilation strategies used in acute respiratory distress syndrome might be implemented in *** present possible decision-making and management algorithms that can be used by the intensivist when caring for these patients.

关键词： Interstitial lung diseases Disease exacerbation Mechanical ventilation Intensive care unit Pathophysiological aspect

Applying heteroatom co-doped carbon nanotube for manifesting high performance in the electrochemical reduction of aqueous nitrogen oxide by gold nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1151-1164页

作者： Jane Chung haibo Yin Rong Wang Yunlong Wang Junyang Zhang Yue Peng Joung Woo han Seongyun ryu Junhua Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China EhS Research Center Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd.Gyeonggi-do 18448Republic of Korea

Electrochemical NO-to-Nh_(3) under ambient conditions could be a viable alternative having advantages in terms of energy consumption and exhaust gas recycling of NO,replacing a traditional ammonia synthesis method of the haber–Bosch *** synthesizing boron(B-)and nitrogen(N-)co-doped carbon nanotube(CNT)based gold(Au)catalysts,B-dopants elevate the conductivity of carbon nanotube by sp2 hybridization on graphene and implant B–N domains within the graphene layer,and result in facilitating the embedding amount of Au accompanied by high dispersibility with low particle *** density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate that the electron cloud transmitted from B-dopant to the active site of Au induces the Lewis acidic site,and the O-distal pathway occurs following a spontaneous *** of the electron-deficient B-doping area accompanied by N-defects and B–O edges retains the major valence state of Au as Au^(δ+),and suppresses hydrogen evolution reaction(hER)by repulsing the hindrance of h*.This record exhibits the highest faradaic efficiency(FE)of 94.7%,and Nh_(3) yield rate of 1877.4μg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat)^(-1),which is the optimal yield over energy consumption in the field of the ambient reduction of aqueous NO.

关键词： boron heteroatom nitrogen defect gold nanoparticles valence states of gold electrochemical NO-to-Nh3

Open-Label, Pilot Study of the Safety and Clinical Effects of Rituximab in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Pneumonia

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2012年第3期2卷 53-58页

作者： Eric L. Matteson Tim Bongartz jay h. ryu Cynthia S. Crowson Thomas E. hartman Paul F. Dellaripa Department of health Sciences Research Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester US Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division of Rheumatology Brigham and Womens Hospital Boston US Division of Rheumatology Milano Italy

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of rituximab (RTX) in the management of progressive rheumatoid arthritis related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). Methods: A total of 10 patients with progressive RA-ILD were enrolled into this 48-week, open-label treatment study. Treatment was with RTX at 1000 mg at day 1, day 15, and again at weeks 24 and 26, with concomitant methotrexate therapy. Results: The study included 4 men and 6 women. Of 7 evaluable patients at week 48, the diffusing capacity to carbon monoxide had worsened by at least 15% in 1 patient, was stable in 4 patients, and increased by >15% of baseline value in 2 patients. The forced vital capacity declined by at least 10% in 1 patient, was stable in 4 patients, and increased by at least 10% in 2 patients. high resolution computed tomo-graphy of the chest showed improvement in 1 patient, and was unchanged in 5. Three patients were withdrawn, one who had an infusion reaction at week 0, one at week 5 who was hospitalized for congestive heart failure at week 5 and who later died at week 32 of complications following a traumatic hip fracture, and one died at week 6 of possible pneumonia. Conclusions: In this pilot study of 10 patients with RA-ILD treated with RTX, measures of lung disease remained stable in the majority of study completers. Further research is needed to clarify whether this treatment has a role in management of RA-ILD.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Interstitial Pneumonitis Rituximab

highly efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport layer enabled by UV-curing acrylate oligomers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： Mwende Mbilo Du hyeon ryu Seungjin Lee Muhammad haris Julius Mwakondo Mwabora Robinson Juma Musembi hang Ken Lee Sang Kyu Lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk Shin Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-performance inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of ***,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remarkable enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface *** strikingly,improved light-soaking and thermal stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligomers will play a key role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-linking oligomers Non-halogenated solvent

Effects of dispersoid preforming via multistep sintering of oxide dispersion-strengthened CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第9期140卷 187-200页

作者： Seunghyeok Chung Ji ho Shin ho Jin ryu Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Central Research Institute Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co.Ltd.(KHNP)Daejeon 34101Republic of Korea

Dispersoid formation and microstructural evolution in an oxide dispersion-strengthened CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy(hEA)using a newly designed multistep sintering process are *** proposed multistep sintering consists of a dispersoid preforming heat treatment of as-milled 0.1 wt%Y_(2)O_(3)-CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy powders at 800℃,followed by sintering at 800–1000℃ under uniaxial *** the conventional single-step sintered bulk,the coarsened BCC Y_(2)O_(3)dispersoids mainly form with an incoherent interface with the hEA *** contrast,finer FCC Y_(2)O_(3)dispersoids,an atypical form of Y_(2)O_(3),are formed in the matrix region after multistep *** of FCC Y_(2)O_(3)disper-soids is initiated on the favorable facet,the{111}plane of the austenitic matrix,with the formation of a semi-coherent interface with the matrix during the dispersoid preforming heat treatment and it maintains its refined size even after *** is found that dispersoid preforming prior to sintering appears promising to control the finer dispersoid formation and refined grain structure.

关键词： Oxide dispersion strengthening high-Entropy alloy Multistep sintering Dispersoid preforming Microstructure evolution Interfacial structure

Effects of TiC on the microstructure refinement and mechanical property enhancement of additive manufactured Inconel 625/TiC metal matrix composites fabricated with novel core-shell composite powder

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第33期164卷 13-26页

作者： Taegyu Lee Wonjong Jeong Seunghyeok Chung ho Jin ryu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyYu Seong-GuDae Hak-Ro 29134141 DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyYu Seong-GuDae Hak-Ro 29134141 DaejeonRepublic of Korea

The flexible product shape of additive manufacturing(AM)is attractive,but the process suffers from a lack of material property diversity due to a limited number of printable alloys and post-processing *** overcome this problem,the AM of metal matrix composites(MMCs)is a highly suitable solution because the properties of MMC can be tailored using various ***,extensive research has been conducted on the AM of MMCs;however,the major huddle for this process has been the difficulties in preparing feedstock powder and operating the AM *** study introduces an easily synthesizable core-shell composite powder,which was fabricated by a recently developed process called the SMART *** core-shell powder has a novel morphology,consisting of a metal core and composite shell,distinguishing it from the powders used in conventional AM *** 625/TiCp composites were fabricated using the core-shell composite powder,with various fractions of TiCp up to 10 vol.%.Compared to additive-manufactured Inconel 625,the additive-manufactured MMCs showed enhanced strength with significantly fewer *** results of this study may accelerate the application of MMC fabricated by AM,which offers superior properties and reliability compared to casting and powder metallurgy due to the higher degree of dislocation density and reinforcement dispersion.

关键词： Powder treatment Composite powder Metal matrix composite Additive manufacturing Nickel-based superalloy Directed energy deposition

Absorption-Dominant mmWave EMI Shielding Films with Ultralow Reflection using Ferromagnetic Resonance Frequency Tunable M-Type Ferrites

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第6期15卷 1-23页

作者： horim Lee Seung han ryu Suk Jin Kwon Jae ryung Choi Sang‑bok Lee Byeongjin Park Composites Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science797 ChangwondaeroSeongsan‑GuChangwonGyeongsangnam‑Do 51508Republic of Korea

Although there is a high demand for absorption-dominant electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding materials for 5G millimeter-wave(mmWave) frequencies, most current shielding materials are based on reflection-dominant conductive materials. While there are few absorption-dominant shielding materials proposed with magnetic materials, their working frequencies are usually limited to under 30 Ghz. In this study, a novel multi-band absorption-dominant EMI shielding film with M-type strontium ferrites and a conductive grid is proposed. This film shows ultralow EMI reflection of less than 5% in multiple mmWave frequency bands with sub-millimeter thicknesses, while shielding more than 99.9% of EMI. The ultralow reflection frequency bands are controllable by tuning the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of M-type strontium ferrites and composite layer geometries. Two examples of shielding films with ultralow reflection frequencies, one for 39 and 52 Ghz 5G telecommunication bands and the other for 60 and 77 Ghz autonomous radar bands, are presented. The remarkably low reflectance and thinness of the proposed films provide an important advancement toward the commercialization of EMI shielding materials for 5G mmWave applications.

关键词： 5G communication MmWave EMI shielding M-type ferrites

Toward stable photoelectrochemical water splitting using NiOOh coated hierarchical nitrogen-doped ZnO-Si nanowires photoanodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 45-55,I0002页

作者： Indrajit V.Bagal Maheswari Arunachalam Ameer Abdullah Aadil Waseem Mandar AKulkarni Soon hyung Kang Sang-Wan ryu Department of Physics Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Education Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting is regarded as the most promising method to generate“green hydrogen”,and zinc oxide(ZnO)has been identified as one of the promising candidates for PEC water splitting owing to its straddling band alignment with the water redox ***,its PEC performance is limited due to its wide bandgap and anticipated by photocorrosion in an aqueous *** this work,we present strategic improvements in the PEC water splitting performance of ZnO nanowires(NWs)by nitrogen(N)-doping along with photostability by the core–shell deposition of a NiOOh *** crystalline hierarchical ZnO NWs were fabricated on Si NWs(ZnO-Si hNWs)using a metal organic chemical vapor deposition *** NWs were then N-doped by annealing in an Nh_(3) *** N-doped ZnO-Si hNWs(N:ZnO-Si hNWs)showed enhanced visible light absorption,and suppressed recombination of the photogenerated *** compared to ZnO-Si hNWs(0.045 m A cm^(-2) at 1.23 V vs RhE),the N:ZnO-Si hNWs(0.34 m A cm^(-2) at 1.23 V vs RhE)annealed in Nh^(3) ambient for 3 h at 600℃showed 7.5-fold enhancement in the photocurrent ***-deposited N:ZnO-Si hNW photoanodes with a photostability of 82.21%over 20000 s showed 10.69-fold higher photocurrent density(0.48 m A cm^(-2) at 1.23 V vs RhE)than ZnO-Si hNWs.

关键词： hierarchical NWs MOCVD NiOOh cocatalyst N-doping Photoelectrochemical water splitting

Insensitivity of a turbulent laser-plasma dynamo to initial conditions

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第4期7卷 50-64页

作者： A.F.A.Bott L.Chen P.Tzeferacos C.A.J.Palmer A.R.Bell R.Bingham A.Birkel D.h.Froula J.Katz M.W.Kunz C.-K.Li h-S.Park R.Petrasso J.S.Ross B.Reville D.ryu F.h.Séguin T.G.White A.A.Schekochihin D.Q.Lamb G.Gregori Department of Physics University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom Department of Astrophysical Sciences University of PrincetonPrincetonNew Jersey 08544USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14627USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14623USA School of Mathematics and Physics Queens University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ChiltonDidcotUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowUnited Kingdom Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik HeidelbergGermany Department of Physics School of Natural SciencesUNISTUlsanSouth Korea Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60637USA

It has recently been demonstrated experimentally that a turbulent plasma created by the collision of two inhomogeneous,asymmetric,weakly magnetized,laser-produced plasma jets can generate strong stochastic magnetic fields via the small-scale turbulent dynamo mechanism,provided the magnetic Reynolds number of the plasma is sufficiently *** this paper,we compare such a plasma with one arising from two pre-magnetized plasma jets whose creation is identical save for the addition of a strong external magnetic field imposed by a pulsed magnetic field *** investigate the differences between the two turbulent systems using a Thomson-scattering diagnostic,x-ray selfemission imaging,and proton *** Thomson-scattering spectra and x-ray images suggest that the external magnetic field has a limited effect on the plasma dynamics in the *** the external magnetic field induces collimation of the flows in the colliding plasma jets and although the initial strengths of the magnetic fields arising from the interaction between the colliding jets are significantly larger as a result of the external field,the energies and morphologies of the stochastic magnetic fields post-amplification are *** conclude that,for turbulent laser-plasmas with supercritical magnetic Reynolds numbers,the dynamo-amplified magnetic fields are determined by the turbulent dynamics rather than the seed fields or modest changes in the initial flow dynamics of the plasma,a finding consistent with theoretical expectations and simulations of turbulent dynamos.

关键词： turbulent initial stochastic