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Microglial d.sfunction and.genetic risk for neurod.generative d.sease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： d.bra S.Macd.nald.jay Penney d.partment of Biomed.cal Sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurod.generative d.sord.rs such as Alzheimer's and.Parkinson's d.seases a re increasing in prevalence as world.populations *** tremend.us progress has been mad.,our und.rstand.ng of the mechanisms that und.rlie the d.velopment of these d.seases remains far from com *** troubling,d.spite the growing emotional and.financial toll being to ken by neurod.generative d.sord.rs,existing treatment options are limited.almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the d.sease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： d.generative d.seases

Biod.grad.tion of alkylates und.r less agitated.aquifer cond.tions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1529-1538页

作者： jay J. Cho Makram T. Suid.n Albert d. Venosa URS Corporation 7720N 16th St. Ste 100 Phoenix AZ 85020 USA Faculty of Engineering and.Architecture American University of Beirut Dean's officeP.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh 1107 2020 Beirut Lebanon US Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research LaboratoryCincinnati OH 45268 USA

The biod.grad.bility of three alkylates （2,3-d.methylpentane, 2,4-d.methylpentane and.2,2,4-trimethylpentane） und.r less agitated.aquifer cond.tions was investigated.in this stud.. All three alkylates biod.grad.d.completely und.r these cond.tions regard.ess of the presence or absence of ethanol or benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and.xylenes （BTEX） in the feed. In the presence of ethanol, alkylates d.grad.tion was not inhibited.by ethanol. However, alkylates d.grad.d.more slowly in the presence of BTEX suggesting competitive inhibition to microbial utilization of alkylates. In the sterile controls, alkylates concentrations remained.unchanged.throughout the experiments.

关键词： biod.grad.tion alkylates inhibition BTEX ethanol

Carbene chemistry for unnatural biosynthesis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 204-207页

作者： Jing Huang jay d.Keasling d.partment of Chemical and.Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville 94608USA Biological Systems and.Engineering d.vision Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeley 94720USA Novo Nord.sk Found.tion Center for Biosustainability Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark d.partment of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Synthetic Biochemistry Center Institute for Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes for Advanced TechnologiesShenzhen 518055China

Previously,chemists working in synthesis were jealous of biologists since the enzymes found.in nature usually exhibited.great catalytic properties(e.g.,high catalytic efficiency,excellent selectivity such as substrate selectivity,regioselectivity and.stereoselectivity).However,biological systems lack many counterparts of reactions wid.ly used.in chemical synthesis.

关键词： synthesis selectivity catalytic

What d. Ed.cators Need.to Teach for Prospective Knowled.e Engineers?

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Journal of Systems Engineering and.Electronics 1995年第3期6卷 1-6页

作者： jay Liebowitz(d.pt. of Management Science, George Washington University, Washington, d. C. 20052) d.pt. of Management Science Georg Washington University Washington D. C. 20052

As expert systems technology has matured.and.migrated.into mainstream computing, there arestill areas which are overlooked.in ed.cation prospective knowled.e engineers. This paper ad.resses this issue, and.provid.s a message to ed.cators that expert and.knowled.e-based.systems should.be an importantstrategic science and.technology for many organizations.

关键词： Knowled.e engineers Expert systems Intelligent systems Knowled.e engineering

An Interface-Capturing Regularization Method.for Solving the Equations for Two-Fluid.Mixtures

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第10期14卷 1322-1346页

作者： Jian d. Robert d.Guy Aaron L.Fogelson Grad. B.Wright James P.keener d.partment of Mathematical Science Florida Institute of TechnologyMelbourneFL 32901USA d.partment of Mathematics University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA d.partment of Bioengineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA d.partment of Mathematics University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA d.partment of Mathematics Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA

Many problems in biology involve gels which are mixtures composed.of a polymer network permeated.by a fluid.solvent(water).The two-fluid.mod.l is a wid.ly used.approach to d.scribed.gel mechanics,in which both network and.solvent coexist at each point of space and.their relative abund.nce is d.scribed.by their volume *** phase is mod.led.as a continuum with its own velocity and.constitutive *** some biological applications,free bound.ries separate regions of gel and.regions of pure solvent,resulting in a d.generate network momentum equation where the network volume fraction *** overcome this d.fficulty,we d.velop a regularization method.to solve the two-phase gel equations when the volume fraction of one phase goes to zero in part of the computational d.main.A small and.constant network volume fraction is temporarily ad.ed.throughout the d.main in setting up the d.screte linear equations and.the same set of equation is solved.*** equations are very poorly cond.tioned.for small values of the regularization parameter,but the multigrid.precond.tioned.GMRES method.we use to solve them is efficient and.prod.ces an accurate solution of these equations for the full range of relevant regularization parameter values.

关键词： Gel swelling precond.tioner two-fluid.mod.l

Arabinosylation of a Yariv-Precipitable Cell Wall Polymer Impacts Plant Growth as Exemplified.by the Arabid.psis Glycosyltransferase Mutant ray1

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1369-1372页

作者： Sascha Gille Vaishali Sharma Ed.ard.E.K. Baid.o jay d. Keasling Henrik Vibe Scheller Markus Pauly Energy Biosciences Institute University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Emeryville CA 94608 USA Physical Biosciences d.vision Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA d.partment of Chemical and.Biomolecular Engineering Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA d.partment of Plant and.Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

d.ar Ed.tor, Plant cells are encased.by cell walls--rigid.yet highly d.namic composite structures, which consist of cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectic polysaccharid.s, glycoproteins, and.the polyphenol lignin （Somerville et al., 2004）. Biosynthesis of the wall polysaccharid.s is facilitated.by d.nor- and.acceptor- substrate-specific glycosyltransferases catalyzing the transfer of the sugar moiety from a nucleotid. sugar to form a specific glycosid.c linkage. Glycosyltransferases have been grouped.into families based.on primary structure, one of which is fam- ily GT77 （***/GT77_***）.

关键词： Yariv-Precipitable Exemplified Arabid.psis Glycosyltransferase

Significant method.logic variations in calculating renal function changes following kid.ey tumor surgery:A quality reporting issue?

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World.Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015年第5期6卷 89-91页

作者： Ruth d.Blum jay d.Raman d.vision of Urology Penn State Milton S.Hershey Medical Center

Renal tumor surgery places patients at increased.risk for chronic kid.ey d.sease(CKd.. Accurate quantification of kid.ey function changes before and.after surgery is essential to d.termine the magnitud. of d.cline attributable to an ind.x proced.re. Current literature, however, highlights heterogeneity and.inconsistencies in measurement techniques thereby contributing to ambiguity amongst stud.es. Further efforts are necessary to stand.rd.ze reporting of kid.ey function outcomes related.to renal surgery.

关键词： Rad.cal nephrectomy Partial nephrectomy Nephroureterectomy Glomerular filtration rate Chronic kid.ey d.sease

Comparative susceptibility and.immune responses of Asian and.European honey bees to the American foulbrood.pathogen, Paenibacillus larvae

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 831-842页

作者： Sasiprapa Krongd.ng jay d.Evans Yanping Chen Wannapha Mookhploy Panuwan Chantawannakul 1Bee Protection Laboratory Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Interd.sciplinary Program in Biotechnology Graduate SchoolChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand USd.-ARS Bee Research LaboratoryBeltsvilleMarylandUSA Environmental Science Research Center Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand

American foulbrood.(AFB) d.sease is caused.by Paenibacillus larvae. Currently, this pathogen is wid.spread.in the European honey bee— Apis mellifera. However, little is known about infectivity and.pathogenicity of P. lan'ae in the Asiatic cavity-nesting honey bees, Apis cerana. Moreover, comparative knowled.e of P. larvae infectivity and.pathogenicity between both honey bee species is scarce. In this stud., we examined.susceptibility, larval mortality, survival rate and.expression of genes encod.ng antimicrobial peptid.s (AMPs) includ.ng d.fensin, apid.ecin, abaecin, and.hymenoptaecin in A. mellifera and.A. cerana when infected.with P. larvae. Our results showed.similar effects of P. larvae on the survival rate and.patterns of AMP gene expression in both honey bee species when bee larvae are infected.with spores at the med.an lethal concentration (LC5 0 ) for A. mellifera. All AMPs of infected.bee larvae showed.significant upregulation compared.with noninfected.bee larvae in both honey bee species. However, larvae of A. cerana were more susceptible than A. mellifera when the same larval ages and.spore concentration of P. larvae were used. It also appears that A. cerana showed.higher levels of AMP expression than A. mellifera. This research provid.s the first evid.nce of survival rate, LC50 and.immune response profiles of Asian honey bees, A. cerana, when infected.by P. larvae in comparison with the European honey bee, A. mellifera.

关键词： Apis cerana Apis mellifera honey bee immune gene Paenibacillus larvae susceptibility

Scientific observations at total solar eclipses

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Research in Astronomy and.Astrophysics 2009年第6期9卷 613-634页

作者： jay M. Pasachoff Williams College-Hopkins Observatory Williamstown Massachusetts 01267 USA California Institute of Technology 150-21 Pasadena CA 91125

The occasion of the longest totality of an eclipse in the 18 yr 11^1/3 d.saros cycle lead. to taking stock of the scientific value of ground.based.eclipse observations in this space age. Though a number of space satellites from the U.S., Europe, Japan, and.Russia stud. the Sun, scientists at eclipses can observe the solar chromosphere and.corona at higher spatial resolution, at higher temporal resolution, and.at higher spectral resolution than are possible aloft. Furthermore, eclipse exped.tions can transport a wid. variety of state-of-the-art equipment to the path of totality. Thus, for at least some years to come, solar eclipse observations will remain both scientifically valuable and.cost-effective ways to stud. the outer solar atmosphere.

关键词： Sun eclipses