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The Metrol.gy Handbook 1st ed.

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2004年

作者： jay l. Bucher

Soil.Microbial.Community-l.vel.Physiol.gical.Profil.ng as Rel.ted to Carbon and Nitrogen Avail.bil.ty Under Different l.nd Uses

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Pedosphere 2016年第2期26卷 216-225页

作者： Marfa Cel.na ZABAl.Y jay l. GARl.ND Marco Al.EGRINI El.na del.Val.e GOMEZ Centro de Recursos Natural.s Renovabl.s de l. Zona Semidrida CONICET Bahia Blanca 8000 Argentina Microbiol.gical.and Chemical.Exposure Assessment Research Division Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA Facul.ad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional.de Rosario Zavalla 2125 Argentina

The goal.of this work was to assess soil.microbial.respiration, determined by the assay of community-l.vel.physiol.gical.profil.ng in an oxygen-sensitive micropl.te （O2-Cl.P）, in response to endogenous C and several.individual.C substrates in the soil. with different organic C contents （as a function of soil.type and management practice）. We al.o used the O2-Cl.P to determine the respiratory response of these soil. to endogenous C and amended C substrates with N addition. A respiratory quotient （RQ） was cal.ul.ted based on the ratio of the response to endogenous soil.C vs. each C-onl. substrate, and was rel.ted to total.organic carbon （TOC）. For assessing N avail.bil.ty for microbial.activity, the effect of N suppl.mentation on soil.respiration, expressed as Nr^tio, was cal.ul.ted based on the response of several.substrates to N addition rel.tive to the response without N. Soil. cl.stered in 4 groups after a principal.component anal.sis （PCA）, based on TOC and their respiratory responses to substrates and endogenous C. These groups refl.cted differences among soil. in their geographic origin, l.nd use and C content. Cal.ul.ted RQ val.es were significantl. l.wer in natural.forest soil. than in managed soil. for most C-onl. substrates. TOC was negativel. correl.ted with RQ （r = -0.65）, indicating that the soil. with higher organic matter content increased respiratory efficiency. The N addition in the assay in the absence of C amendment （i. e., onl. endogenous soil.C present） had no effect on microbial.respiration in any soil. indicating that these soil. were not intrinsical.y N-l.mited, but substrate-dependent variation in Nr^tio within soil.groups was observed.

关键词： community-l.vel.physiol.gical.profil.ng N l.mitation oxygen biosensor system soil.organic C soil.respiration

Probabil.ty and statistics for engineering and the sciences /

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2004年

作者： Devore jay l.

Probabil.ty and statistics for engineering and the sciences /.5th ed 5th ed.

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2000年

作者： Devore jay l.

Probabil.ty and statistics for engineering and the sciences

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1000年

作者： Devore jay l.

Functional.pl.stic fil.s:nano-engineered composite based fl.xibl. microwave antennas with near-unity rel.tive visibl. transmittance

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l.ght(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第2期5卷 95-105页

作者： Cheng Zhang l.ang Zhu Chengang Ji Zhil. Ye Nabeel.Al.aab Minye Yang Yuhui Hu Pai-Yen Chen l.jay Guo School.of Optical.and El.ctronic Information&Wuhan National.l.boratory for Optoel.ctronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA Department of El.ctrical.Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Microwave antennas are essential.el.ments for various appl.cations,such as tel.communication,radar,sensing,and wirel.ss power *** antennas are conventional.y manufactured on rigid substrates using opaque material.,such as metal.strips,metal.ic tapes,or epoxy pastes;thus,prohibiting their use in fl.xibl. and wearabl. devices,and simul.aneousl. l.miting their integration into existing optoel.ctronic ***,we demonstrate that mechanical.y fl.xibl. and optical.y transparent microwave antennas with high operational.efficiencies can be readil. fabricated using composite nanol.yers deposited on common pl.stic *** composite nanol.yer structure consists of an ul.ra-thin copper-doped sil.er fil. sandwiched between two diel.ctric fil.s of tantal.m pentoxide and al.minum *** material.and thickness of each constituent l.yer are judiciousl. sel.cted such that the whol. structure exhibits an experimental.y measured averaged visibl. transmittance as high as 98.94%compared to a bare pl.stic substrate,and simul.aneousl.,a sheet resistance as l.w as 12.5Ω/*** representative types of microwave antennas are impl.mented:an omnidirectional.dipol. antenna,unidirectional.Yagi-Uda antenna,l.w-profil. patch antenna,and Fabry-Pérot cavity *** devices exhibit great mechanical.fl.xibil.ty with bending angl. over 70°,high gain of up to 13.6 dBi,and l.rge radiation efficiency of up to 84.5%.The proposed nano-engineered composites can be easil. prepared over l.rge areas on various types of substrates and simul.aneousl. overcome the l.mitations of poor mechanical.fl.xibil.ty,l.w el.ctrical.conductivity,and reduced optical.transparency usual.y faced by other constituent material. for fl.xibl. transparent microwave *** demonstrated fl.xibl. microwave antennas have various appl.cations ranging from fifth-generation and vehicul.r communication systems to bio-signal.monitors and wearabl. el.ctronics.

关键词： Optical.y transparent antenna Fl.xibl. microwave antenna Transparent conductor Ul.ra-thin sil.er Doped sil.er Wearabl. optoel.ctronics

Adding Val.e to Crop Production Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal.of Pl.nt Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchel. Daren D. Redfearn Kenneth P. Vogel.Terry J. Kl.pfenstein Gal.n Erickson P. Stephen Baenziger Bruce E. Anderson Mary E. Drewnoski jay Parsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia l. Jin USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agronomy and Horticul.ure University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Animal.Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agricul.ural.Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their val.e as cereal.grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) and tritical. (× Triticosecal. Wittmack) are important cool.season annual.forages and cover crops. Yearl.ng steer (Bos taurus) performance was compared in the spring fol.owing autumn establ.shment as for age cover crops after soybean [Gl.cine max (l.) Merr.] grain harvest. Repl.cated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-til. seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubbl. in autumn, fertil.zed, and grazed the fol.owing spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuousl. stocked in spring with four yearl.ng steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectivel.. In 2005, average dail. gain (ADG) for steers grazing tritical. exceeded the ADG for wheat by 0.31 kghd-1d-1. In 2006, wheat ADG exceeded that for tritical. by 0.12 kghd-1d-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat l.st weight, whil. steers grazing tritical. gained 0.20 kghd-1d-1. Based on the 3-year average animal.gains val.ed at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for tritical. and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing coul. be viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional.val.e to the system. Based on this 3-year grazing trial. tritical. was superior to wheat and l.kel. wil. provide the most stabl. beef yearl.ng performance across years with variabl. weather for the western Cornbel. USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soybean Tritical. Wheat