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Flexural and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Treated Coir/Pineapple Leaf Fibres Reinforced Polylactic Acid Hybrid Biocomposites

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第6期18卷 1430-1438页

作者： Ramengmawii Siakeng Mohammad jawaid Mohammad Asim Hassan Fouad Sameer Awad Naheed Saba Suchart Siengchin Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai-GermanGraduate School of Engineering(TGGS)King Mongkut’s University of Technology North BangkokBangkok10800Thailand Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdangSelangorMalaysia Applied Medical Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 10219Riyadh11433Saudi Arabia Chemistry School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia

Polylactic acid(PLA)possesses good mechanical and biodegradability properties which make it a suitable material for polymer composites whereas brittleness and high costs limit its utilization in various *** reinforcement of natural fibres with biopolymers has been formed to be an efficient technique to develop composites having the ability to be fully *** study concerns with the incorporation of various percentages of untreated and alkali-treated Coir Fibres(CF)and pineapple leaf fibres(PALF)in PLA biocomposites and characterizations of flexural,morphological and dynamic mechanical *** properties showed that the treated C1P1 hybrid composites(C1P1A)displayed highest flexural strength(35.81 MPa)and modulus(5.28 GPa)among all hybrid *** Electron Microscopy(SEM)revealed a behaviour of fibre-matrix adhesion in untreated treated *** observation revealed good dispersion of the fillers in *** mechanical analysis revealed that C1P1A showed highest glass transition temperature(Tg)and storage modulus(E')while untreated C3P7 displayed the least Tg and E'.Overall findings showed that alkali-treated hybrid biocomposites(CF/PALF/PLA)especially C1P1A have improved flexural properties,dynamic and morphological properties over untreated *** of these findings will provide attracting consideration of these hybrid biocomposites for various lightweight uses in a broad selection of industrial applications such as biomedical sectors,automobile,construction,electronics equipment,and hardware tools.

关键词： Coir fibres Pineapple leaf fibres Biocomposites Polylactic acid Mechanical properties Dynamic mechanical properties

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Impact of Ptal (Public Transport Access Level) on Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety

Impact of Ptal (Public Transport Access Level) on Pedestrian...

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作者： Muhammad Salman jawaid 东南大学

学位级别：硕士

This research work is on pedestrian and bicyclist safety and the impact of PTAL levels upon them and when it comes to safety,pedestrians and cyclists are at an inherent *** like AASHTO,TRB,ITE and ASCE are working on bicyclist and pedestrian *** research done on pedestrian and bicyclist safety shows key information about the type number and severity of crashing is lacking and there is also a lack of transferrable and standardized exposure data and this lack of data and studies results in inability to draw any authentic conclusion about the impact of work on pedestrian and bicyclist *** current technological advancements and their impact on pedestrian and bicyclist safety are also *** for London TfL is responsible for the Transport system in London *** Time Mapping,Catchment Analysis,and PTAL are the techniques used by TfL for connectivity *** is an easily calculated and simple technique that hinges on the distance from any place or point to the nearest public transport stop,In total there are 9PTAL values ranging from 0 to 6 including sub values of 1 and 6,（0,1a,1b,2,3,4,5,6a,6b）.The lowest PTAL value 1a show the poor connectivity with the public transport and the highest PTAL value 6b shows best *** calculation procedure of PTAL includes the calculation of Walk-time to SAPs,Scheduled Waiting time,Average Waiting Time,Total Access Time,Equivalent Doorstep Frequency and Access *** finally calculated Access Index in then converted to PTAL level with the help of the table provided by *** data used in our project was taken from London Data Store and the data of LSOA（Lower Service Operational Area）11 of Greater London was *** and zero inflated negative models were fitted to the three responses of Total number of accidents,total number of pedestrian accidents and total number of bicycle accidents,in order to perform model comparisons AIC and BIC information criteri

关键词： IMPACT OF PTAL PEDESTRIAN BICYCLIST SAFETY

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Effect of Fiber Loadings and Treatment on Dynamic Mechanical, Thermal and Flammability Properties of Pineapple Leaf Fiber and Kenaf Phenolic Composites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第4期6卷 383-393页

作者： M.Asim M.jawaid M.Nasir N.Saba Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Composite Wood Forest Product DivisionForest Research Institute248006 DehradunIndia

This study deals with the analysis of dynamic mechanical,thermal and flammability properties of treated and untreated pineapple leaf fiber(PALF)and kenaf fiber(KF)phenolic *** indicated that storage modulus was decreased for all composites with increases in temperature and pattern of slopes for all composites,having almost the same values of E′at glass transition temperature(Tg).The peak of the loss modulus of pure phenolic composites was shown to be much *** the addition of kenaf/PALF,peaks were higher and shifted towards a high *** Tan delta peak height was low for pure phenolic composites and maximum for 60%PALF phenolic ***-Cole analysis was carried out to understand the phase behavior of the composite *** analysis(TGA)results indicated that pure phenolic composites have better thermal stability than PALF and kenaf phenolic *** and horizontal UL-94 tests were conducted and showed pure phenolic resin is highly fire *** overall results showed that treated KF composites enhanced the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties among all PALF/KF composites.

关键词： Pineapple leaf fiber kenaf fiber phenolic resin dynamic mechanical analysis thermogravimetric analysis flammability

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Vertex angles effects in the energy absorption of axially crushed kenaf fibre-epoxy reinforced elliptical composite cones

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第4期14卷 327-335页

作者： Mohamed Alkateb S.M.Sapuan Z.Leman M.R.Ishak Mohammad jawaid Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Laboratory of Bio Composite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Research Products (INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia Aerospace Manufacturing Research Centre (AMRC) Universiti Putra Malaysia Departments of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia

Experimental quasi-static crushing tests were conducted by using a universal testing machine format kenaf-epoxy composite elliptical cones. The work focused on the vertex angle's effects on energy absorption capability; the vertex angles vary from 0° to 24° in 6 increments. The failure modes of the kenaf fibre epoxy composite elliptical cones were observed utilising delegate photos taken during the quasistatic crushing test. Load-deformation curves and deformation histories of typical specimens are presented and discussed. Moreover, the effects of cone vertex angles on the load carrying capacity and the energy absorption capability are also discussed. The results show that the energy absorption abilities significantly influence the ellipticity vertex angle as the load carrying capacity. We concluded that the quasi-static axial crushing behaviour of elliptical mat laminated composite cones is strongly affected by their structural geometry and the specific energy absorbed by the composite elliptical cones with vertex angles of 6°, 12°, 18°, and 24°, which is more than an elliptical cone with the vertex angle of 0°(the elliptical tube) at any given deformation. However, the specific energy absorption for the elliptical composite cone showed a positive correlation, i.e., the more the angle increased, the more energy was absorbed. In this regard, an elliptical composite cone with a 24° angle exhibited the best energy absorption capability.

关键词： Kenaf fibres Composite materials Elliptical cone Vertex angle Collapsible Energy absorption

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Clinical characteristics of childhood cancer in emergency room in a tertiary hospital in Pakistan

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2016年第4期7卷 300-302页

作者： Amna jawaid Khubaib Arif Nick Brown Zehra Fadoo Department of Emergency Medicine Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi 74800 Pakistan Visiting faculty Salisbury District Hospital Salisbury United Kingdom Department of Oncology and Pediatrics Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi 74800 Pakistan

INTRODUCTION Worldwide, cancer is an important cause of mortality in children aged over 1 year. Numerically, the major cancers include acute lymphoblastic leukemia, CNS tumors and lymphomas. Cancer incidence is increasing in children globally as well as in Pakistan but the etiology is poorly understood. There are an estimated 160 000 new cases and 90 000 deaths per year worldwide in children aged under 15 *** exact incidence in Pakistan is not known as there is no national tumor registry

关键词： Clinical characteristics childhood cancer

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Preliminary Study on Tensile and Impact Properties of Kenaf/Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第5期6卷 529-535页

作者： Ahmad Safwan Mohammad jawaid Mohamed T.H.Sultan Azman Hassan Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Polymer Engineering Faculty of Chemical and PetroleumUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudaiJohor BharuMalaysia

The application of natural fibers as reinforcement in composite material has increased due to environmental concerns,low cost,degradability and health *** purpose of this study is to identify the best type of bamboo fibers to be used as reinforcement for kenaf(K)/bamboo hybrid *** were three types of bamboo fibers evaluated in this study which include bamboo mat(B),bamboo fabric(BF)and bamboo powder(BP).Chemical composition of B,BF,BP and K fibers were analyzed in this *** effect of different types of bamboo fibers on tensile,impact,and morphological properties were *** B/epoxy composites displayed the highest tensile strength(53.03 MPa)while K/epoxy composite had the highest tensile modulus(4.71 GPa).Scanning electron micrographs of B/epoxy composites displayed better fiber/matrix interfacial bonding in comparison to other studied *** showed that impact strength of BF-based composite was highest(45.70 J/m).In conclusion,the tensile strength of B/epoxy composite is superior to the other bamboo reinforced composites and will be further evaluated in the next study.

关键词： Composite kenaf bamboo natural fiber polymer composite tensile properties impact properties morphological properties

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Cellulose Nanocrystal from Washingtonia Fibre and Its Characterization

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第6期10卷 1459-1470页

作者： Mohammad jawaid Lau Kia Kian Hassan Fouad Ramzi Khiari Othman Y.Alothman Mohamed Hashem Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia Applied Medical Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia CNRS University of Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance Department of Textile Higher Institute of Technological Studies of Ksar HellalKsar HellalTunisia University of Monastir Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Cleaner Process(LCE2P-LR21ES04)MonastirTunisia Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Dental Health Department College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)is a biomaterial derived from plant lignocellulosic components,widely applied in various industrial ***,with the growth of awareness in developing green nanomaterial,the explored Washingtonia fibre could be alternative biomass for obtaining CNC *** the present work,different acid concentrations of 5%,15%,and 25%hydrochloric solutions were employed to produce CNCs from Washingtonia *** the chemical treatments,the yield of the CNC product was successfully retained at 21.6%-25.1%.Individually separated and needle-shaped CNC particles could be observed under the microscopic viewing with the increased acid *** elemental analysis,a relatively pure cellulose compartment was produced for all CNC *** zeta potential values between-10 to-16 mV proved that each nanoparticle sample possessed dispersion ability within an aqueous ***,the degree of crystallinity and the thermal behavior of CNCs were enhanced with the increased acidic ***,the isolated CNCs(with 15%)from Washingtonia fibre lead a CNC with the highest aspect ratio(30).This parameter is so important that these structures show empowering points of view as nanomaterials for reinforced polymer composites,and it could be a reliable nano-filler for the composite fabrication process in the future.

关键词： Cellulose nanocrystal washingtonia fibre structure degree of crystallinity thermal behavior

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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polypropylene Reinforced with Almond Shells Particles： Impact of Chemical Treatments

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第3期12卷 483-494页

作者： Fatima Zahra El Mechtali Hamid Essabir Souad Nekhlaoui Mohammed Ouadi Bensalah Mohammad jawaid Rachid Bouhfid AbouEIkacem Qaiss Laboratory of Mechanic and Materials (LMM) Mohammed V-Rabat University Faculty of Science Rabat Morocco Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science Innovation and Research (MAScIR) Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology (NANOTECH) Laboratory of Polymer Processing Rabat Morocco Laboratory of Mechanics in Processes Energy and Environment National School of Applied Sciences Ibn Zohr University Agadir Morocco Department of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia

Polypropylene （PP） matrix composites reinforced with chemically treated Almond Shell （AS） particles with and without compatibilizer （PP-g-MA） was prepared by a twin-screw extrusion at loading of 20 wt.% AS particles. Two types of chemical treatments （alkali treatment with sodium hydroxide and etherification with dodecane bromide） of the particles were carried out to improve the interface adhesion between particles and PP matrix. Results show that chemical modifications of AS particles affect the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of AS/PP composites. The composites reinforced with alkali treated particles and the compatibilized matrix lead to a notable increase in the Young＇s modulus （14%） compared to the composites with untreated AS particles. The ductility of composite was also evaluated by the yield strain, and results show a notable increase （31%） compared to that of composites with untreated particles. The thermal stability increased with the use of etherification （385 ℃）, with gains in the temperature up to 23 ℃ compared to neat PP （362 ℃）. The achieved results show that the AS/PP composites can be used in several applications. A thermoplastic matrix compsite mixed with treated AS particles appears to be a good alternative to obtain environmentally friendly products.

关键词： PP AS chemical treatment composite extrusion injection

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Effect of Hybridization on the Mechanical Properties of Pineapple Leaf Fiber/Kenaf Phenolic Hybrid Composites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第1期6卷 38-46页

作者： M.Asim M.jawaid K.Abdan M.R.Ishak O.Y.Alothman Laboratory of biocomposite technology institute of tropical forestry and forest products(introp)universiti putra malaysia43400 serdangselangormalaysia Department of biological and agricultural engineering faculty of engineeringuniversiti putra malaysia43400 serdangselangormalaysia Department of aerospace engineering faculty of engineeringuniversiti putra malaysia43400 serdangselangormalaysia Department of chemical engineering college of engineeringking saud universityriyadhsaudi arabia Deanship of graduate studies saudi electronic universityriyadh 11673saudi arabia

In this study,pineapple leaf fiber(PALF),kenaf fiber(KF)and PALF/KF/phenolic(PF)composites were fabricated and their mechanical properties were *** mechanical properties(tensile,flexural and impact)of the PALF/KF/PF hybrid composites were investigated and compared with PALF/KF *** 3P7K exhibited enhanced tensile strength(46.96 MPa)and modulus(6.84 GPa),flexural strength(84.21 MPa)and modulus(5.81 GPa),and impact strength(5.39 kJ/m2)when compared with the PALF/PF and KF/PF *** electron microscopy(SEM)was used to observe the fracture surfaces of the tensile testing *** microstructure of the 7P3K hybrid composite showed good interfacial bonding and the addition of KF improved the interfacial *** has been concluded that the 3P7K ratio allowed obtaining materials with better mechanical properties(tensile,flexural and impact strengths)than PALF/PF and KF/PF *** results obtained in this study will be used for further comparative study of untreated hybrid composites with treated hybrid composites.

关键词： Pineapple leaf fiber kenaf fiber phenolic resin hybrid composites mechanical properties

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Physical, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Areca Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites – An Overview

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第1期17卷 185-205页

作者： Tamil Moli Loganathan Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohammad jawaid Ain Umaira Md Shah Qumrul Ahsan Manohar Mariapan Mohd Shukry bin Abdul Majid Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre(944751-A) Prime Minister's DepartmentMIGHT Partnership HubJalan Impact63000 CyberjayaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia MelakaHang Tuah Jaya76100 Durian TunggalMelakaMalaysia Department of Science Park and Recreation Faculty of ForestryUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia School of Mechatronic Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisPauh Putra Campus02600 ArauPerlisMalaysia

Areca catechu,is a species of palm belonging to the family of Arecaceae/Palmae,grows vertically,to the height of 10 m to 20 m,the stem is straight,solitary and slender,10 cm to 15 cm in diameter,with marks of annulated scars of fallen leaf *** fibres are predominantly extracted not only from the fruit as areca husk,but also from leaf stalks and *** this review paper,areca fibre is compared with those of other representative species of the Arecaceae/Palmae family,such as the coconut tree and the palm tree,in terms of physical and mechanical *** review article also discusses the physical,mechanical and thermal properties of areca fibre and its *** review of known published data reveals that,while areca fibre has the potential to be used as an alternative reinforcement in polymer ***,it has been also noticed that some other species from the family of Arecaceae/Palmae have not been explored as natural fibre reinforcement in polymer composites either,thus revealing further options of natural alternative reinforcement to be investigated with regard to their potential to be used in fibre based composites for the automotive,aerospace,and construction industries.

关键词： natural fibres areca mechanical properties surface treatment hybrid composites

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