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Linkages among leaf nutrient concentration,resorption efficiency, litter decomposition and their stoichiometry to canopy nitrogen addition and understory removal in subtropical plantation

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Ecological Processes 2024年第02期13卷 90-102页

作者： jawad ali Shah Wenfei Liu Saif Ullah Honglang Duan Fangfang Shen Yingchun Liao Guomin Huang Jianping Wu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province Yunnan University Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology Nanchang Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou College of ForestryGuizhou University

Background The prevalence of understory removal and anthropogenic nitrogen(N) deposition has significantly altered the ecological processes of forest ecosystems at both regional and global scales. However, it remains a pressing challenge to understand how N deposition and understory removal affect leaf nutrient dynamics, nutrient resorption, litter decomposition, and their linkages for better managing forest ecosystems under nutrient imbalances induced by N enrichment. To address this research gap, a field manipulation experiment was carried out in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation with four treatments including: control(CK), canopy N addition(CN), understory removal(UR), and canopy N addition plus understory removal(CN × UR). Green and senesced leaf N and phosphorus(P) concentrations, N and P resorption efficiencies, litter decomposition, and their correlations were *** The results revealed that the average N concentrations of green early and late leaves in UR were increased by 6.61 and 18.89% compared to CK. UR had the highest whereas CN had the lowest P concentrations in green leaves across the two sampling seasons. Following this, UR, leaf type, season, and their interactions significantly affected leaf N, P, and N:P(P < 0.05). The highest leaf N resorption(32.68%) and P resorption efficiencies(63.96%) were recorded in UR. Litter decomposition was significantly retarded in UR(P < 0.01) relative to CN. The regression analysis demonstrated that leaf nutrient status was significantly interconnected with leaf nutrient resorption efficiencies. In addition, leaf nutrient dynamics were strongly correlated with litter nutrients, indicating that both were *** These findings can deepen our knowledge of biogeochemical cycling and reveal contrasting nutrientacquisition strategies on N and P limitation in response to UR and CN. Considering the P limitation, it is important to note that P was resorbed more efficiently, illustrating a

关键词： Nutrient resorption Nitrogen deposition Litter decomposition Stoichiometry Understory removal Subtropical plantation

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Investigating and predicting the role of photovoltaic, wind, and hydrogen energies in sustainable global energy evolution

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第4期7卷 429-445页

作者： Mahmood Swadi Dheyaa Jasim Kadhim Mohamed Salem Firas Mohammed Tuaimah Ammar Sabri Majeed ali jawad Alrubaie Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of BaghdadBaghdad 10001Iraq Libyan Authority for Scientific Research Tripoli 80045Libya School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Nibong Tebal 14300PenangMalaysia Continuing Education Center University of BaghdadBaghdad 10001Iraq Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University AL-Mussaib Technical CollegeBabylonIraq

The global shift toward next-generation energy systems is propelled by the urgent need to combat climate change and the dwindling supply of fossil *** review explores the intricate challenges and opportunities for transitioning to sustainable renewable energy sources such as solar,wind,and *** transition economically challenges traditional energy sectors while fostering new industries,promoting job growth,and sustainable economic *** transition to renewable energy demands social equity,ensuring universal access to affordable energy,and considering community *** environmental benefits include a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a lesser ecological *** study highlights the rapid growth of the global wind power market,which is projected to increase from$112.23 billion in 2022 to$278.43 billion by 2030,with a compound annual growth rate of 13.67%.In addition,the demand for hydrogen is expected to increase,significantly impacting the market with potential cost reductions and making it a critical renewable energy source owing to its affordability and zero *** 2028,renewables are predicted to account for 42%of global electricity generation,with significant contributions from wind and solar photovoltaic(PV)technology,particularly in China,the European Union,the United States,and *** developments signify a global commitment to diversifying energy sources,reducing emissions,and moving toward cleaner and more sustainable energy *** review offers stakeholders the insights required to smoothly transition to sustainable energy,setting the stage for a resilient future.

关键词： Next energy Renewable energy Sustainability Environmental benefits Economic opportunities

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AMachine Learning Approach to Cyberbullying Detection in Arabic Tweets

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1033-1054页

作者： Dhiaa Musleh Atta Rahman Mohammed Abbas Alkherallah Menhal Kamel Al-Bohassan Mustafa Mohammed Alawami Hayder ali Alsebaa jawad ali Alnemer Ghazi Fayez Al-Mutairi May Issa Aldossary Dalal A.Aldowaihi Fahd Alhaidari Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Networks and Communications College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia

With the rapid growth of internet usage,a new situation has been created that enables practicing *** has increased over the past decade,and it has the same adverse effects as face-to-face bullying,like anger,sadness,anxiety,and *** the anonymity people get on the internet,they tend to bemore aggressive and express their emotions freely without considering the effects,which can be a reason for the increase in cyberbullying and it is the main motive behind the current *** study presents a thorough background of cyberbullying and the techniques used to collect,preprocess,and analyze the ***,a comprehensive review of the literature has been conducted to figure out research gaps and effective techniques and practices in cyberbullying detection in various languages,and it was deduced that there is significant room for improvement in the Arabic *** a result,the current study focuses on the investigation of shortlisted machine learning algorithms in natural language processing(NLP)for the classification of Arabic datasets duly collected from Twitter(also known as X).In this regard,support vector machine(SVM),Naive Bayes(NB),Random Forest(RF),Logistic regression(LR),Bootstrap aggregating(Bagging),Gradient Boosting(GBoost),Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM),Adaptive Boosting(AdaBoost),and eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)were shortlisted and investigated due to their effectiveness in the similar ***,the scheme was evaluated by well-known performance measures like accuracy,precision,Recall,and ***,XGBoost exhibited the best performance with 89.95%accuracy,which is promising compared to the state-of-the-art.

关键词： Supervised machine learning ensemble learning cyberbullying Arabic tweets NLP

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A Compact Self-Isolated MIMO Antenna System for 5G Mobile Terminals

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第9期42卷 919-934页

作者： Muhannad Y.Muhsin ali J.Salim jawad K.ali Microwave Research Group Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of TechnologyBaghdad10001Iraq Microwave Research Group Department of Communication EngineeringUniversity of TechnologyBaghdad10001Iraq

A compact self-isolated Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) antennaarray is presented for 5G mobile phone devices. The proposed antenna systemis operating at the 3.5 GHz band (3400–3600 MHz) and consists of eight antennaelements placed along two side edges of a mobile device, which meets the currenttrend requirements of full-screen smartphone devices. Each antenna element isdivided into two parts, a front part and back part. The front part consists of anI-shaped feeding line and a modified Hilbert fractal monopole antenna, whereasthe back part is an L-shaped element shorted to the system ground by a0.5 mm short stub. A desirable compactness can be obtained by utilizing the Hilbert space-filling property where the antenna element’s overall planar size printedon the side-edge frame is just (9.57 mm × 5.99 mm). The proposed MIMO antenna system has been simulated, analyzed, fabricated and tested. Based on the selfisolated property, good isolation (better than 15 dB) is attained without employingadditional decoupling elements and/or isolation techniques, which increases system complexity and reduces the antenna efficiency. The scattering parameters,antenna efficiencies, antenna gains, and antenna radiation characteristics areinvestigated to assess the proposed antenna performance. For evaluating the proposed antenna array system performance, the Envelope Correlation Coefficients(ECCs), Mean Effective Gains (MEGs) and channel capacity are *** antenna and MIMO performances are evaluated to confirm the suitability of the proposed MIMO antenna system for 5G mobile terminals.

关键词： 5G applications compact antennas isolation techniques MIMO antennas mobile terminals self-isolated antennas

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Bicarbonate activation of hydrogen peroxide: A new emerging technology for wastewater treatment

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第6期37卷 810-825页

作者： ali jawad 陈朱琦尹国川华中科技大学化学与化工学院湖北省材料化学与服役失效重点实验室湖北武汉430074

The serious limitations of available technologies for decontamination of wastewater have compelled researchers to search for alternative solutions. Catalytic treatment with hydrogen peroxide, which appears to be one of the most efficient treatment systems, is able to degrade various organics with the help of powerful ·OH radicals. This review focuses on recent progress in the use of bicarbonate activated hydrogen peroxide for wastewater treatment. The introduction of bicarbonate to pollutant treatment has led to appreciable improvements, not only in process efficiency, but also in process stability. This review describes in detail the applications of this process in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. The enhanced degradation, limited or lack of leaching during heterogeneous degradation, and prolonged catalysts stability during degradation are salient features of this system. This review provides readers with new knowledge regarding bicarbonate, including the fact that it does not always harm pollutant degradation, and can significantly benefit degradation under some conditions.

关键词： Wastewater treatment Bicarbonate activated hydrogen peroxide Catalyst leaching Pollutant degradation Catalytic oxidation

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Aggregation of graphene oxide and its environmental implications in the aquatic environment

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中国化学快报：英文版 2023年第2期34卷 141-149页

作者： jawad ali Yang Li Enxiang Shang Xinjie Wang Jian Zhao Muhammad Mohiuddin Xinghui Xia State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityHuanghua 061100China Department of Environmental Sciences Kohsar UniversityMurree 47150Pakistan

Graphene oxide(GO) with unique characteristics grasps striking potentials in both academic and industrial applications. After being released into natural waters, the dispersity and stability of GO might be altered by the chemical conditions in the receiving water bodies. In this review, we summarized that the aggregation of GO in aquatic environments is mostly dependent on properties of nanoparticles(size,structure, and functional groups) and complex water chemistry(p H, temperature, light, ionic strength,and dissolved organic matter). The knowledge about the aggregation/stability of GO is still insufficient due to the variations in GO properties and complex system of natural waters. Although studies about environmental transformation of graphene-related materials can be accessed but a systematic study taking into consideration the various factors of GO and aquatic systems responsible for aggregation of GO is still lacking. Therefore, we summarized that GO homoaggregation or heteroaggregation with other solid particles can affect the distribution in different depths of rivers and toxicity toward plankton or benthic organisms. More studies are needed to investigate the stability of GO in the long term, the effect of other nanomaterial on GO aggregation, the alteration of water constituents at different regions/time and its effect on GO aggregation, to understand the transportation and impact of GO in the environment.

关键词： Graphene oxide Aggregation Colloidal behavior Transport/mobility Toxicity

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Winding Function Model-based Performance Evaluation of a PM Transverse Flux Generator for Applications in Direct-drive Systems

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第2期8卷 216-226页

作者： Mehrage Ghods jawad Faiz ali A Pourmoosa IEEE School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineeringthe University of Tehran

The magnetic flux in a permanent magnet transverse flux generator(PMTFG) is three-dimensional(3D), therefore, its efficacy is evaluated using 3D magnetic field analysis. Although the 3D finite-element method(FEM) is highly accurate and reliable for machine simulation, it requires a long computation time, which is crucial when it is to be used in an iterative optimization process. Therefore, an alternative to 3DFEM is required as a rapid and accurate analytical technique. This paper presents an analytical model for PMTFG analysis using winding function method. To obtain the air gap MMF distribution, the excitation magneto-motive force(MMF) and the turn function are determined based on certain assumptions. The magnetizing inductance, flux density, and back-electro-magnetomotive force of the winding are then determined. To assess the accuracy of the proposed method, the analytically calculated parameters of the generator are compared to those obtained by a 3D-FEM. The presented method requires significantly shorter computation time than the 3D-FEM with comparable accuracy.

关键词： Index Terms—Permanent magnet transverse flux generator Winding function 3D-FEM Cogging torque Prototyping

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A Deep Learning Approach for Crowd Counting in Highly Congested Scene

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5825-5844页

作者： Akbar Khan Kushsairy Abdul Kadir jawad ali Shah Waleed Albattah Muhammad Saeed Haidawati Nasir Megat Norulazmi Megat Mohamed Noor Muhammad Haris Kaka Khel Electrical Section Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian InstituteSelangor53100Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Technology College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesIslamabad44000Pakistan Computer Engineering Technology Section Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Information TechnologyKuala Lumpur50250Malaysia

With the rapid progress of deep convolutional neural networks,several applications of crowd counting have been proposed and explored in the *** congested scene monitoring,a variety of crowd density estimating approaches has been *** understanding of highly congested scenes for crowd counting during Muslim gatherings of Hajj and Umrah is a challenging task,as a large number of individuals stand nearby and,it is hard for detection techniques to recognize them,as the crowd can vary from low density to high *** deal with such highly congested scenes,we have proposed the Congested Scene Crowd Counting Network(CSCC-Net)using VGG-16 as a core network with its first ten layers due to its strong and robust transfer learning rate.A hole dilated convolutional neural network is used at the back end to widen the relevant field to extract a large range of information from the image without losing its original *** dilated convolution neural network is mainly chosen to expand the kernel size without changing other ***,several loss functions have been applied to strengthen the evaluation accuracy of the ***,the entire experiments have been evaluated using prominent data sets namely,ShanghaiTech parts A,B,UCF_CC_50,and UCF_*** model has achieved remarkable results i.e.,68.0 and 9.0 MAE on ShanghaiTech parts A,B,199.1 MAE on UCF_CC_50,and 99.8 on UCF_QNRF data sets respectively.

关键词： Deep learning congested scene crowd counting fully convolutional neural network dilated convolution

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Synergistic degradation of phenols by bimetallic CuO-Co_3O_4@γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst in H_2O_2/HCO_3^- system

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第6期37卷 963-970页

作者：李一冰 ali jawad Aimal Khan 卢小艳陈朱琦刘卫东尹国川浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院浙江金华321004 华中科技大学化学与化工学院湖北武汉430074

The development of new catalytic techniques for wastewater treatment has long attracted much attention from industrial and academic ***,because of catalyst leaching during degradation,catalysts can be short lived,and therefore expensive,and unsuitable for use in wastewater *** this work,we developed a bimetallic CuO-Co3O4@γ-Al2O3 catalyst for phenol degradation with bicarbonate-activated *** weakly basic environment provided by the bicarbonate buffer greatly suppresses leaching of active Cu and Co metal ions from the catalyst.X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed interactions between Cu and Co ions in the CuO-Co3O4@γ-Al2O3 catalyst,and these improve the catalytic activity in phenol *** studies using different radical scavengers showed that superoxide and hydroxyl radicals both played significant roles in phenol degradation,whereas singlet oxygen was less important.

关键词： Synergistic effect Phenol degradation Copper/cobalt oxide catalyst Mechanistic study Bicarbonate-activated H2O2

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小蓬箪叶片提取物生物合成氣化锌纳米粒子及其在增强抗菌和催化中的应用

小蓬箪叶片提取物生物合成氣化锌纳米粒子及其在增强抗菌和催化中...

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作者： jawad ali 北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

纳米技术这个蓬勃发展的领域,为纳米粒子的制备提供了一种新的方法,并为纳米粒子拓展了更多的应用领域。另一方面,污水处理及水的净化和疾病控制,也是研究人员迫切需要解决的问题,需要研究新材料和新技术。本文研究了一种新的绿色合成法... 详细信息

纳米技术这个蓬勃发展的领域,为纳米粒子的制备提供了一种新的方法,并为纳米粒子拓展了更多的应用领域。另一方面,污水处理及水的净化和疾病控制,也是研究人员迫切需要解决的问题,需要研究新材料和新技术。本文研究了一种新的绿色合成法,该方法对传统的方法进行了改良,方法安全可靠、成本低廉。论文的主要研究内容有:(1)研究了利用小蓬草叶片提取物制备氧化锌纳米粒子(NPs)的绿色合成方法,分别在30℃和80℃温度下进行了氧化锌NPs的制备。研究发现,在80℃下制备的氧化锌NPs具有粒径较小、分散度高的球形结构。(2)研究了在80℃下制备的氧化锌NPs对亚甲基蓝、甲基橙等有机染料的催化性能。结果表明,这种氧化锌NPs具有很好的催化活性,在45min内对甲基橙的降解率为94.5%,在20 min对亚甲基蓝的降解率为85.3%。在没有和有氧化锌NPs存在下,甲基橙的降解速率常数(k)分别为5.78×10-3 s-1和5.84×10-2S-1,亚甲基蓝的降解速率常数(k)分别为 4.7×1{r3s-1和 9.94×10-3S-1。(3)研究了在80℃下制备的氧化锌NPs的抗菌活性。结果表明,生物源氧化锌纳米粒子对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均表现出较强的抗菌活性,其抑菌半径分别为16 mm 和 14 mm。

关键词：氧化锌纳米粒子绿色制备小蓬草叶片提取物催化活性抗菌活性

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