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Management of primary achalasia: The role of endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2015年第6期7卷 593-605页

作者： Marisol Luján-Sanchis Patricia Suárez-Callol Ana Monzá-Gallego Inmaculada Bort-Pérez Lydia Plana-Campos Luis Ferrer-Barceló Laura Sanchis-Artero María Llinares-Lloret Juan Antonio Tuset-Ruiz javier sempere-garcia-argüelles Pilar Canelles-Gamir Enrique Medina-Chuliá Digestive Diseases Unit General University Hospital of Valencia

Achalasia is an oesophageal motor disorder which leads to the functional obstruction of the lower oesophageal sphincter(LES) and is currently incurable. The main objective of all existing therapies is to achieve a reduction in the obstruction of the distal oesophagus in order to improve oesophageal transit, relieve the symptomatology, and prevent long-term complications. The most common treatments used are pneumatic dilation(PD) and laparoscopic Heller myotomy, which involves partial fundoplication with comparable shortterm success rates. The most economic non-surgical therapy is PD, with botulinum toxin injections reserved for patients with a higher surgical risk for whom the former treatment option is unsuitable. A new technology is peroral endoscopic myotomy, postulated as a possible non-invasive alternative to surgical myotomy. Other endoluminal treatments subject to research more recently include injecting ethanolamine into the LES and using a temporary self-expanding metallic stent. At present, there is not enough evidence permitting a routine recommendation of any of these three novel methods. Patients must undergo follow-up after treatment to guarantee that their symptoms are under control and to prevent complications. Most experts are in favour of some form of endoscopic follow-up, however no established guidelines exist in this respect. The prognosis for patients with achalasia is good, although a recurrence after treatment using any method requires new treatment.

关键词： Achalasia Endoscopic treatment Dilation Botulinum toxin Myotomy

Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri Alberto javier Ramos Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRNAs or lncRNA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors

Beyond neurodegeneration:engineering amyloids for biocatalysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2915-2916页

作者： Andrea Bartolomé-Nafría javier García-Pardo Salvador Ventura Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina(IBB)and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraBarcelonaSpain Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí Institut d’Investigaciói InnovacióParc Taulí(I3PT-CERCA)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaSabadellSpain

Amyloid fibrils are highly organized protein or peptide aggregates,often characterized by a distinctive supramolecular cross-β-sheet *** formation and accumulation of these structures have been traditionally associated with neural or systemic human diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,type-2 diabetes,or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(Wei et al.,2017;Wittung-Stafshede,2023).

关键词： structure amyloid

Capsule endoscopy in patients refusing conventional endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7424-7433页

作者： javier Romero-Vázquez Federico argüelles-Arias Josefa Maria García-Montes ángel Caunedo-álvarez Francisco javier Pellicer-Bautista Juan Manuel Herrerías-Gutiérrez Gastroenterology Service Virgen Macarena University Hospital41071 SevilleSpain

Capsule endoscopy is nowadays the diagnostic technique of choice in the study of small bowel pathologies,allowing the non-invasive study of the entire *** has led,together with new technical advances,to the creation of two new models(PillCam ESO and PillCam Colon)for the study of esophageal and colonic *** two new capsules offer an interesting alternative to conventional endoscopy in the study of the upper and lower digestive tracts,because traditional endoscopy is often unpleasant and uncomfortable for the patient,can be painful,often requires moderate or deep sedation and is not without complications(hemorrhage,perforation,etc.).PillCam Colon is particularly important for its usefulness in the diagnosis of colonic polyps,and is a potentially useful tool in cases of incomplete colonoscopy or in colorectal cancer screening,even more when most patients are reluctant to undergo screening programs due to the said disadvantages of conventional *** article discusses the advantages of capsule endoscopy over conventional endoscopy,its current application possibilities and indications in routine clinical *** the various sections of the work,we assess the application of endoscopic capsule in different sections of the digestive tract(esophagus,stomach,and colon)and finally the potential role of panendoscopy with PillCam Colon.

关键词： Conventional endoscopy Capsule endoscopy Esophageal capsule endoscopy Colon capsule endoscopy Panendoscopy

Colorectal cancer screening and surveillance in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in 2021

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第5期28卷 502-516页

作者： Jose Maria Huguet Luis Ferrer-Barceló Patrícia Suárez Eva Sanchez Jose David Prieto Victor garcia javier sempere Department of Digestive Disease General University Hospital of ValenciaValencia 46014Spain

The detection of dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)continues to be important given the increased risk of colorectal cancer in this ***,in 2017,we performed a review and update of the recommendations for the management and follow-up of patients with IBD based on the clinical practice guidelines of various scientific *** present manuscript focuses on new aspects of the detection,follow-up,and management of dysplasia according to the latest studies and *** chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsy continues to be the technique of choice for the screening and detection of dysplasia in IBD,the associated difficulties mean that it is now being compared with other techniques(virtual chromoendoscopy),which yield similar results with less technical ***,the emergence of new endoscopy techniques that are still being researched but seem promising(e.g.,confocal laser endomicroscopy and full-spectrum endoscopy),together with the development of devices that improve endoscopic visualization(e.g.,Endocuff Vision),lead us to believe that these approaches can revolutionize the screening and follow-up of dysplasia in patients with ***,further studies are warranted to define the optimal follow-up strategy in this patient population.

关键词： Colitis surveillance Colitis screening Chromoendoscopy Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis

Lie Symmetries of Quasihomogeneous Polynomial Planar Vector Fields and Certain Perturbations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2005年第1期21卷 185-192页

作者： javier CHAVARRIGA Isaac A.garcia Departament de Matemdtica Universitat de LleidaAvda.Jaume II6925001LleidaSpain

In this work we study Lie symmetries of planar quasihomogeneous polynomialvector fields from different points of view, showing its integrability. Additionally, we show thatcertain perturbations of such vector fields w... 详细信息

关键词： Lie symmetries Quasi-homogeneous systems Planar vector fields

Atrial fibrillation in the elderly： predisposing factors and management

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第3期14卷 185-194页

作者： Juan Lacalzada-Almeida javier garcia-Niebla Department of Cardiology Hospztal Umversitarlo de Canarias Tenerife Spain Servicios Sanitarios del Area de Salud de El Hierro Valle del Golfo Health Center El Hierro Spain

In the last twenty years, new imaging techniques to assess atrial function and to predict the risk of recurrence of atrial fibrillation after treatment have been developed. The present review deals with the role of these techniques in the detection of structural and functional changes of the atrium and diagnosis of atrial remodeling, particularly atrial fibrosis. Echocardiography allows the detection of anatomical, functional changes and deformation of the atrial wall during the phases of the cardiac cycle. For this, adequate acquisition of atrial images is necessary using speckle tracking imaging and interpretation of the resulting strain and strain rate curves. This allows to predict new-onset atrial fibrillation and recurrences. Its main limitations are inter-observer variability, the existence of different software manufacturers, and the fact that the software used were originally developed for the evaluation of the ventricular function and are now applied to the atria. Cardiac magnetic resonance, using contrast enhancement with gadolinium, plays a key role in the visualization and quantification of atrial fibrosis. This is the established method for in vivo visualization of myocardial fibrotic tissue. The non-invasive evaluation of atrial fibrosis is associ- ated with the risk of recurrence of atrial fibrillation and with electro-anatomical endocardial mapping. We discuss the limitations of these techniques, derived from the difficulty of demonstrating the correlation between fibrosis imaging and histology, and poor intra- and inter- observer reproducibility. The sources of discordance are described, mainly due to image acquisition and processing, and the challenges ahead in an attempt to eliminate differences between operators.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrosis Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging Speckle tracking echocardiography Strain

Human condition monitoring in hazardous locations using pervasive RFID sensor tags and energy-efficient wireless networks

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第9期13卷 674-688页

作者： javier G.ESCRIBANO Andrés garcia Autolog Group Industrial Engineering SchoolUniversity of Castilla-La ManchaAvda.Camilo José Cela s/n13071 Ciudad RealSpain

Tracking persons in dangerous situations as well as monitoring their physical condition, is often crucial for their safety. The systems commonly used for this purpose do not include individual monitoring or are too expensive and intrusive to be deployed in common situations. In this project, a mobile system based on energy-efficient wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and active radio frequency identification (RFID) has been developed to achieve ubiquitous positioning and monitoring of people in hazardous situations. The system designed can identify each individual, locate him/her, send data regarding their physical situation, and ascertain whether they are located in a confined space. A new algorithm called time division double beacon scheduling (TDDBS) has been implemented to increase operation time and data transmission rate of the nodes in the system. The results show that the use of this system allows us to find the location and state of a person, as well as to provide an analysis of the potential risks at each moment, in real time and in an energy-efficient way. In an emergency, the system also allows for quicker intervention, as it not only provides the location and causes of the event, but also informs about the physical condition of the individual at that moment.

关键词： Active RFID Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) ZigBee Human monitoring Time division double beacon sched-uling (TDDBS)

Role of capsule endoscopy in suspected celiac disease: A European multi-centre study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第4期23卷 703-711页

作者： Marisol Luján-Sanchis Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles javier garcia-Lledo José-Francisco Juanmartinena Fernandez Luca Elli Victoria-Alejandra Jiménez-García Juan Egea-Valenzuela Julio Valle-Munoz Cristina Carretero-Ribón Ignacio Fernández-Urién-Sainz Antonio López-Higueras Noelia Alonso-Lazaro Mileidis Sanjuan-Acosta Francisco Sanchez-Ceballos Bruno Rosa Santiago González-Vázquez Federica Branchi Lucía Ruano-Díaz César Prieto-de-Frías Vicente Pons-Beltrán Pilar Borque-Barrera Begona González-Suárez Sofía Xavier Federico argüelles-Arias Juan-Manuel Herrerías-Gutiérrez Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Martínez javier sempere-García-argüelles Digestive Diseases Unit General University Hospital of Valencia Small Bowel Unit Hospital Morales Meseguer Digestive Diseases Unit General University Gregorio Maranón Unit of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra Center for prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Unit of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy University Hospital Virgen Macarena Gastroenterology department Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca Department of Gastroenterology Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo Department of Gastroenterology University of Navarra Clinic1 Endoscopy Digestive Unit Digestive Diseases AreaUniversitari i Politècnic La Fe Hospital1 Digestive Diseases Unit University Hospital Nuestra Senora de Candelaria1 Digestive Diseases Unit Clinical Hospital San Carlos1 Digestive Diseases Unit Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira-Guimaraes1 Endoscopy Digestive Unit Hospital Clinic de Barcelona

AIMTo analyze the diagnostic yield (DY), therapeutic impact (TI) and safety of capsule endoscopy (CE).METHODSThis is a multi-centre, observational, analytical, retrospective study. A total of 163 patients with suspicion of celiac disease (CD) (mean age = 46.4 ± 17.3 years, 68.1% women) who underwent CE from 2003 to 2015 were included. Patients were divided into four groups: seronegative CD with atrophy (Group-I, n = 19), seropositive CD without atrophy (Group-II, n = 39), contraindication to gastroscopy (Group-III, n = 6), seronegative CD without atrophy, but with a compatible context (Group-IV, n = 99). DY, TI and the safety of CE were *** overall DY was 54% and the final diagnosis was villous atrophy (n = 65, 39.9%), complicated CD (n = 12, 7.4%) and other enteropathies (n = 11, 6.8%; 8 Crohn’s). DY for groups I to IV was 73.7%, 69.2%, 50% and 44.4%, respectively. Atrophy was located in duodenum in 24 cases (36.9%), diffuse in 19 (29.2%), jejunal in 11 (16.9%), and patchy in 10 cases (15.4%). Factors associated with a greater DY were positive serology (68.3% vs 49.2%, P = 0.034) and older age (P = 0.008). On the other hand, neither sex nor clinical presentation, family background, positive histology or HLA status were associated with DY. CE results changed the therapeutic approach in 71.8% of the cases. Atrophy was associated with a greater TI (92.3% vs 45.3%, P < 0.001) and 81.9% of the patients responded to diet. There was one case of capsule retention (0.6%). Agreement between CE findings and subsequent histology was 100% for diagnosing normal/other conditions, 70% for suspected CD and 50% for complicated *** has a high DY in cases of suspicion of CD and it leads to changes in the clinical course of the disease. CE is safe procedure with a high degree of concordance with histology and it helps in the differential diagnosis of CD.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Celiac disease Anti-transglutaminase antibodies Gluten-free diet Non-celiac gluten sensitivity