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Endovascular treatment for early hepatic artery occlusion after liver transplantation: Angioplasty or stent

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第6期21卷 614-615页

作者： Mikel Gastaca javier Gomez Ignacio Terreros Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteHospital Universitario CrucesBilbaoSpain University of the Basque Country BilbaoSpain Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo Hospital Universitario San CecilioGranadaSpain Interventional Radiology Unit Hospital Universitario CrucesBilbaoSpain

To the Editor:We read with great interest the recent article by Zhu et al.[1].In the study,the authors analyzed the outcomes of 26 patients diagnosed with hepatic artery occlusion(HAO)and treated with an endovascular approach(EVT)within the first 30 days after ortho-topic liver transplantation(LT).The median interval from LT to EVT was 7 days,most patients were treated with angioplasty and only two(7.7%)needed stent placement.The authors should be congrat-ulated as they achieved a 100%of success rate with an 80.8%of 1-year survival rate.

关键词： liver artery after

Artificial intelligence and liver transplantation:Looking for the best donor-recipient pairing

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第4期21卷 347-353页

作者： javier Briceno Rafael Calleja César Hervás Unit of Liver Transplantation Department of General SurgeryHospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdobaSpain Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba(IMIBIC) CórdobaSpain Department of Computer Sciences and Numerical Analysis Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain

Decision-making based on artificial intelligence(AI)methodology is increasingly present in all areas of modern medicine.In recent years,models based on deep-learning have begun to be used in organ transplantation.Taking into account the huge number of factors and variables involved in donor-recipient(DR)matching,AI models may be well suited to improve organ allocation.AI-based models should provide two solutions:complement decision-making with current metrics based on logistic regression and improve their predictability.Hundreds of classifiers could be used to address this problem.However,not all of them are really useful for D-R pairing.Basically,in the decision to assign a given donor to a candidate in waiting list,a multitude of variables are handled,including donor,recipient,logistic and perioperative variables.Of these last two,some of them can be inferred indirectly from the team’s previous experience.Two groups of AI models have been used in the D-R matching:artificial neural networks(ANN)and random forest(RF).The former mimics the functional architecture of neurons,with input layers and output layers.The algorithms can be uni-or multi-objective.In general,ANNs can be used with large databases,where their generalizability is improved.However,they are models that are very sensitive to the quality of the databases and,in essence,they are black-box models in which all variables are important.Unfortunately,these models do not allow to know safely the weight of each variable.On the other hand,RF builds decision trees and works well with small cohorts.In addition,they can select top variables as with logistic regression.However,they are not useful with large databases,due to the extreme number of decision trees that they would generate,making them impractical.Both ANN and RF allow a successful donor allocation in over 80%of D-R pairing,a number much higher than that obtained with the best statistical metrics such as model for end-stage liver disease,balance of risk score,and survival outcomes following liver tra

关键词： Donor-recipient matching Artificial intelligence Deep learning Artificial neural networks Random forest Liver transplantation outcome

Integrating time progression in ecoimmunology studies: beyond immune response intensity

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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 205-212页

作者： Francisco javier ZAMORA-CAMACHO Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire USA Department of Biogeography and Global Change Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Madrid Spain

Habitat alterations in agroecosystems may damage amphibian immune capacity. As agroecosystem extension is increasing worldwide, broader-context knowledge on the effects of agroecosystem stressful conditions on amphibian immune capacity is crucial for understanding and management of amphibian global declines. However, most studies on ecoimmunology assume synchronal amonggroup immune-response peaks, and focus on immune response after standardized time lapses, neglecting its progress!on. Herein, I compared inflamatory response short-term progression of agro ecosystem and n atural-habitat female and male n atterjack toads Epi da lea calamita, by measuri ng swelling response, once per hour, 6 h following an artificial immune challenge with innocuous antigen phytohemagglutinin. I also compared maximum magnitude of swelling response, irrespective of the moment when it was reached. Habitat differences arose only 3 h after challenge, when naturalhabitat toads showed greater swelling response. Maximum magnitude of swelling response was similar in toads from both habitats. However, agroecosystem toads showed a delayed swelling response as compared with natural-habitat conspecifics, probably as a consequenee of agroecosystem stressful conditions. Such a delay suggests a weaker immune capacity, and consequently impaired anti-pathogen performance. Regarding sex, swelling response magnitude did not differ between males and females. Female swelling response peaked earlier, but that of males was more sustai ned in time, which con tradicts general across-taxa fin dings that males show impaired immune response. Interestingly, results suggest that measuring swelling response only after some standardized period following stimulation may be a simplistic approach and produce unrealistic results. Consequently, studies on ecoimmunology should implement swelling response progression in order to produce unbiased science.

关键词： agroecosystem amphibian immunocompetence natural habitat immune response progressi on

Diffusion dynamics and characterization of attogram masses in optically trapped single nanoparticles using laser-induced plasma imaging

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 7470-7480页

作者： Pablo Purohit Francisco J.Fortes javier Laserna UMALASERLAB Departamento de Química AnalíticaUniversidad de MálagaC/Jiménez Fraud 4Malaga 29010Spain Niels Bohr Institute University of CopenhagenBlegdamsvej 172100 CopenhagenDenmark

In the present work,a wavelength-selected plasma imaging analysis system is presented and used to track photons emitted from single-trapped nanoparticles in air at atmospheric pressure.The isolated nanoentities were atomized and excited into plasma state using single nanosecond laser pulses.The use of appropriate wavelength filters alongside time-optimized acquisition settings enabled the detection of molecular and atomic emissions in the plasma.The photon detection efficiency of the imaging line resulted in a signal>400 times larger than the simultaneously-acquired dispersive spectroscopy data.The increase in sensitivity outlined the evolution of diverse physicochemical processes at the single particle scale which included heat and momentum transfer from the plasma into the particle as wells as chemical reactions.The imaging detection of excited fragments evidenced different diffusion kinetics and time frames for atoms and molecules and their influence upon both the spectroscopic emission readout and fabrication processes using the plasma as a reactor.Moreover,the origin of molecular species,whether naturally-occurring or derived from a chemical reaction in the plasma,could also be studied on the basis of compositional gradients found on the images.Limits of detection for the inspected species ranged from tens to hundreds attograms,thus leading to an exceptional sensing principle for single nanoentities that may impact several areas of science and technology.

关键词： single nanoparticle inspection wavelength-selected laser-induced plasma imaging laser fabrication attogram characterization atomic/molecular diffusion

Two titans fin ally meet each other under nitrogen deficiencies:FERONIA-TORC1 activation promotes plant growth

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Molecular Plant 2022年第7期15卷 1095-1097页

作者： javier Martinez Pacheco Jose M.Estevez Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET.Av.Patricias Argentinas 435 Buenos Aires C1405BWEArgentina Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile ANID-Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants(MN-SAP) SantiagoChile

Plant growth is determined by well-defined developmental processes that integrate cell-intrinsic factors and external environmental cues,and it is largely dependent on the assimilation of macro-and micro-nutrients from the environment.Between the macro-nutrients,the inorganic nitrogen(e.g.,nitrate and ammonium)and amino acids are essential for plant survival and productivity.Beyond acting as macro-nutrients and structural components of macro-molecules,these nitrogen-containing molecules could also act as signaling molecules to orchestrate diverse genetic programs(Wang et al.,2018).

关键词： activation inorganic nitrate

Optimizing clarithromycin-containing therapy for Helicobacter pylori in the era of antibiotic resistance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第30期20卷 10338-10347页

作者： javier Molina-Infante javier P Gisbert Department of Gastroenterology Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara10003 CaceresSpain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas28006 MadridSpain

The efficacy of triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection has dramatically declined over the last decade,largely related to increasing clarithromycin resistance rates.From a microbiological standpoint,bismuth quadruple therapy is the ideal replacement since it combines drugs for which resistance does not impair its efficacy.Nonetheless,several obstacles such as availability,complexity or tolerance prevent a general implementation of bismuth quadruple therapy,so nonbismuth quadruple regimens remain the best firstline treatment in clinical practice in many geographical areas.We review the rationale and efficacy of several optimization tools(increasing the length of duration,high-dose acid suppression,probiotics),which have been largely evaluated over the last 5 years to increase the effectiveness of standard triple therapy.Then,we update available evidence on the effectiveness of several non-bismuth quadruple therapies(sequential,concomitant,hybrid,miscellaneous therapy),which have gained interest lately.We also revise evidence on the efficacy of the aforementioned optimization tools for non-bismuth quadruples schemes and,finally we provide a novel regionalized therapeutic algorithm,based on novel formulas recently developed for predicting the outcome of non-bismuth quadruple regimens,upon local antibiotic resistance rates.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Eradication Clarithromycin Seq

The Impact of Farmers Access to Credit Programs on Agricultural Productivity:Evidence from Valle Del Cauca,Colombia

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The Impact of Farmers Access to Credit Programs on Agricultu...

作者： javier RIVERA ACOSTA 西南大学

学位级别：硕士

近年来,哥伦比亚农村受社会冲突、高度贫困以及气候变化等一系列问题的严重影响,导致在该国最近的立法中,促进农村发展、实现农业现代化和提高农业生产力的问题备受关注。特别是,位于哥伦比亚西南部的Valle del Cauca省,一直是一个饱受... 详细信息

近年来,哥伦比亚农村受社会冲突、高度贫困以及气候变化等一系列问题的严重影响,导致在该国最近的立法中,促进农村发展、实现农业现代化和提高农业生产力的问题备受关注。特别是,位于哥伦比亚西南部的Valle del Cauca省,一直是一个饱受暴力、武装团体和不安全因素蹂躏的省份,尤其是其农村地区。然而,2014年进行的全国农业普查结果(在西班牙语中简称CNA)显示,该地农业产量位居全国之首。农业生产力的提高是受益于农村社会和经济发展的诸多因素之一。因此,可为农业产量较高的地区制定良好公共政策,以促进发展、组织和创新。同时,为了在农业实现创新发展和改进生产过程,需要大量的投资、财政资源、生产资源,如土地、劳动力和由此产生的其他衍生资源。本研究评估了农业信贷对Valle del Cauca省(哥伦比亚)农民的香蕉科(车前草和香蕉)、农用工业作物(甘蔗和咖啡)和水果作物(鳄梨)产量的影响。本文使用了2014年全国农业普查(CNA)的匿名数据库,该数据库的数据直到2017年才可用,这是目前关于哥伦比亚农业部门的最新和完整的信息。本文是在农业生产单位(UPA在西班牙语中的首字母缩写,即为普查单位)层面上进行的。本文将土地和劳动力分别视为生产率因素,研究了农业信贷计划对两个生产力指数的影响。第一个生产力指数以每公顷的产量吨计算,第二个指数以每名员工(包括固定员工和日常员工)的产量吨计算。另一方面,信贷项目不是在农民中随机发放的,为了控制选择偏差,本研究使用倾向评分匹配(PSM)方法,应用三种不同的匹配算法(分别为:半径匹配、4-最邻近匹配、核匹配)和平衡测试,证明配对后实验组和对照组之间没有系统性差异。本研究的结果表明,对于香蕉科作物来说,获得农业信贷计划对香蕉生产者在第一个生产力指数中产生了积极和显著的影响,也就是说,获得农业信贷后,每公顷产量有可能增加6.8%到8.4%。然而,第二个指数表明,农民可能正在增加雇佣劳动力而提高每公顷产量的成本,因此,资源没有得到有效利用,也没有对其他与生产力直接相关的项目进行投资。就大蕉作物而言,结果表明,农业信贷对大蕉作物指数的影响并不显著,没有证据表明获得农业信贷与提高生产率有关。另一方面,关于所分析的农产工业作物(甘蔗和咖啡),没有发现任何统计上显著的结果来证明农业信贷的使用可以提高或降低生产率。然而通过文献综述发现,这些作物受到2009-2012年期间哥伦比亚冬季的严重影响,因此,在普查(2014年)之前的数据和分析结果表明,由于前几年产生的损失,投资的目的旨在恢复经济。关于鳄梨作物的研究结果,由于其具有高标准误差(SE)且在统计学上不显著,建议对这种作物进行额外的研究,除了应用其他方法检查农业信贷对其生产力的影响外,还包括额外的控制变量。最后,应该指出的是,研究中的作物周期较长的缘故可能导致研究的结果被扭曲,因此,只有当作物已经处于生产阶段并产生收入时,才能看到信贷的影响。同时,建议提供农业信贷的机构给予农民更多支持,以及了解农民的真实需求。

关键词：生产率倾向评分匹配农业信贷劳动力土

Emerging patterns in the construction of Sejima’s,Sanaa’s and Nishizawa’s domestic spaces,from 1987 to 2010

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第3期11卷 375-401页

作者： Pedro Garcia Martinez Francisco javier Maroto Ramos Universidad Politecnica de Cartagena Escuela Tecnica Superior de Arquitectura y Tecnologfa de EdificationCartagena30201Spain Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Escuela Tecnica Superior de Arquitectura de MadridMadrid28040Spain

Sejima and Nishizawa have developed their work without explicitly referencing a theoretical discourse.However,they have stated that their housing projects describe their"architectural biography."This study presents the hypothesis that systermic theories had infu-enced their housing projects at a spatial and constructive Level.With the aim of testing it,the research produces four lines of results.Firstly,we observe that the word system is prominently current in a signifcant sample of their published texts.We describe how architects like Tomi-naga,Ito,Taki,and Shinohara,who infuenced Sejima when she was still a student,discussed this concept inspired by Christopher Alexander's texts.The second line brings together all the couple's single-family housing projects published between 1987 and 2010 for the first time in a single document,as well as an original graphic-constructive reconstruction of the most outstanding ones.Thirdly,we unveil the emergence of four constructive patterns by applying these theories to the graphic material developed.Finally,we summarize the results in dia-grams,showing the frequency,intensity,and continuity of the identified patterns in the four phases throughout the studied period.Verifying the hypothesis facilitates further research relate their domestic work and their other types of projects.

关键词： Architecture House Pattern Sejima Nishizawa SANAA

Feeding on clean food?Potential effects of electric organ discharges by Torpedo spp.(Torpediniformes:Torpedinidae)on their trophically transmitted parasites

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 234-245页

作者： Jaime PENADÉS-SUAY Tania REGACHO Francisco javier AZNAR Marine Zoology Unit Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ValenciaValènciaSpain LAMNA Association for the study of elasmobranchs from the Valencian Community ValènciaSpain

Members of the Torpedinidae(torpedoes)and Hypnidae(coffin ray)use electric organ discharges(EOD)to stun or kill their prey before consumption.We investigated whether EOD could also negatively affect the helminth larvae infecting these preys through a surrogate model:we applied electric discharges to individuals of blue whiting,Micromesistius poutassou,that harbored live larvae of Anisakis.Larval mortality throughout a 6-h period was significantly higher in the treatment group,suggesting that EODs could significantly hamper helminth recruitment.We then tested whether torpedinids and hypnids(“strong-EOD”families)harbored species-poor helminth(cestode)assemblages compared with“weak-EOD”Torpediniformes(Narcidae and Narkidae)and other Batoidea.Based on comparisons on estimated species diversity and mean species richness of tapeworms at host individual level we found that(i)Torpediniformes had the lowest tapeworm diversity of all Batoidea orders;(ii)Torpedo spp.consistently had the lowest mean cestode richness at host individual level,and this could not be related to other host factors influencing cestode diversity in chondrichthyans,that is body size,trophic level or dietary breath.However,a preliminary comparison between“strong-EOD”and“weak-EOD”Torpediniformes did not detect clear differences of cestode richness.Thus,evidence supporting an unambiguous contribution of EODs to depauperate cestode assemblages requires further research.

关键词： Anisakis Batoidea cestode EOD behavior Torpediniform Torpedo