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Multi-model assessment of glacio-hydrological changes in central Karakoram, Pakistan

Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第8期18卷 1995-2011页

作者： javed hassan CHEN Xiao-qing Rijan Bhakta KAYASTHA NIE Yong Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences CAS-HECIslamabad45320Pakistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Himalayan Cryosphere Climate and Disaster Research Center(HiCCDRC)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringSchool of ScienceKathmandu UniversityKavrepalanchowk45200Nepal

The multi-model assessment of glacio-hydrological regimes can enhance our understanding of glacier response to climate *** improved knowledge can uplift our computing abilities to estimate the contributing components of the river *** study examined and compared the hydrological responses in the glacier-dominated Shigar River basin(SRB)under various climatic scenarios using a semi-distributed Modified Positive Degree Day Model(MPDDM)and a distributed Glacio-hydrological Degree-day Model(GDM).Both glacio-hydrological models were calibrated and validated against the observed hydro-meteorological data from 1988–1992 and 1993–*** and precipitation data from Shigar and Skardu meteorological stations were used along with field estimated degree-day factor,temperature,and precipitation *** results from both models indicate that the snow and ice melt are vital contributors to sustain river flow in the ***,MPDDM estimated 68%of rain and baseflow contribution to annual river runoff despite low precipitation during the summer monsoon,while GDM estimated 14%rain and baseflow ***,MPDDM calculated 32%,and GDM generated 86%of the annual river runoff from snow and ice *** simulated river discharge with 0.86 and 0.78 NSE for calibration and validation,***,GDM simulated river discharge with improved accuracy of 0.87 for calibration and 0.84 NSE for the validation *** snow and ice melt is significant in sustaining river flow in the SRB,and substantial changes in melt characteristics of snow and ice are expected to have severe consequences on seasonal water *** on the sensitivity analysis,both models’outputs are highly sensitive to the variation in ***,compared to MPDDM,GDM simulated considerable variation in the river discharge in climate scenarios,RCP4.5 and 8.5,mainly due to the higher sensitivity of GDM model outputs to temperature *** i

关键词： Modified Positive Degree Day Model(MPDDM) Glacio-hydrological Degree-day Model(GDM) Glacio-hydrological Modelling Climatic Variation Snow and ice contributions

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Impact of glacier changes and permafrost distribution on debris flows in Badswat and Shishkat catchments,Northern Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3687-3702页

作者： hassan Wajid SU Feng-huan LIU Wei-ming hassan javed hassan Muzammil BAZAI Nazir Ahmed WANG Hao YANG Ze-wen ALI Muzaffar CASTELLANOS Daniel Garcia Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences CAS-HECIslamabad 45320Pakistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China DTU Space Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark Department of Environmental Science Karakoram International UniversityGilgit-Baltistan 15100Pakistan Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra Jaume Almera ICTJA-CSICSoléi Sabarís s/nBarcelona 08028Spain

Knowledge of glacier changes and associated hazards is of great importance for the safety consideration of the population and infrastructure in the mountainous regions of Upper Indus Basin(UIB).In this study,we assessed the variations in glacier velocity,glacier surface elevation change,meteorological conditions,and permafrost distribution in Badswat and Shishkat catchments located in UIB to access the potential impact on the occurrence of debris flow in both *** find that the glacier surface velocity increased during the debris flow event in the Badswat catchment and the mean daily temperature was 3.7℃to 3.9℃higher in most of the *** enhanced glacier surface elevation lowering period coincide with the rise in temperature during spring and autumn months between 2015 to 2019 in Badswat *** source region of debris flow falls within the lower boundary of permafrost occurrence zone and lies below the 0℃isotherm during late spring and summer *** Shishkat catchment the 0℃isotherm reaches above the debris flow source area during August and the glacier do not show any significant variations in velocity and surface elevation *** debris flow source area is adjacent to the slow-moving rock glacier in Shishkat catchment while in Badswat catchment the debris flow initiated from the former glacier *** catchments are largely glacierized and thus sensitive to changes in climatic conditions and changes in the cryosphere response possess significant threats to the population *** monitoring of cryosphere-climate change in the region can contribute toward the improvement of disaster risk reduction and mitigation policies.

关键词： Cryosphere change Climate change Debris flow Remote sensing Permafrost Cryosphere hazard

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Merits and limitations of TiO2-based photocatalytic pretreatment of soils impacted by crude oil for expediting bioremediation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 387-394页

作者： Yu Yang hassan javed Danning Zhang Deyi Li Roopa Kamath Kevin McVey Kanwartej Sra Pedro J.J. Alvarez Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Chevron Energy Technology Company Houston TX 77002 USA

Heavy hydrocarbons （HHCs） in soils impacted by crude oil spills are generally recalcitrant to biodegrada- tion due to their low bioavailability and complex chemical structure. In this study, soils were pretreated with varying concentrations of ultraviolet radiation A （UVA） or ultraviolet radiation C （UVC） activated titanium dioxide （TiO2）（1%-5%） under varying moisture conditions （0%- 300% water holding capacity （WHC）） to enhance biodegradation of HCCs and shorten remediation time- frames. We demonstrate that pretreatment of impacted soils with UVC-activated TiO2 in soil slurries could enhance bioremediation of HHCs. Total petroleum hydrocarbon （TPH） removal after 24 h exposure to UVC （254 nm and 4.8 mW/cm2） was （19.15：1.6）% in slurries with 300% WHC and 5 wt-% TiO2. TPH removal was non-selective in the C15-C36 range and increased with moisture content and TiO2 concentration. In a 10-d bioremediation test, TPH removal in treated soil increased to （26.05：0.9）%, compared to （15.45：0.8）% for controls without photo- catalytic pre-treatment. Enhanced biodegradation was also confirmed by respirometry. This suggests that addition of UVC-activated TiO2 to soil slurries can transform recalcitrant hydrocarbons into more bioavailable and biodegradable byproducts and increase the rate of subsequent biodegradation. However, similar results were not observed for soils pretreated with UVA activated TiO2. This suggests that activation of TiO2 by sunlight and direct addition of TiO2 to unsaturated soils within landfarming setting may not be a feasible approach. Nevertheless, less than 1% of UVA （7.5 mW/cm2） or UVC （1.4 mW/cm2） penetrated beyond 0.3 cm soil depth, indicating that limited light penetration through soil would hinder the ability of TiO2 to enhance soil bioremediation under land farming conditions.

关键词： ZiO2 pretreatment bioremediation total petroleum hydrocarbons ultraviolet

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Aspergillus tubingensis Causes Leaf Spot of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Pakistan

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第1期89卷 103-109页

作者： Maria Khizar Urooj Haroon Musrat Ali Samiah Arif Iftikhar Hussain Shah hassan javed Chaudhary Muhammad Farooq Hussain Munis Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Plant Sciences School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is a key fiber crop of great commercial *** phytopathogens decimate crop production by causing various *** July-August 2018,leaf spot symptoms were recurrently observed on cotton leaves in Rahim Yar Khan,Pakistan and adjacent *** leaf samples were collected and plated on potato dextrose agar(PDA)*** agent of cotton leaf spot was isolated,characterized and identified as Aspergillus tubingensis based on morphological and microscopic *** identification of pathogen was done on the comparative molecular analysis of CaM andβ-tubulin gene *** analysis of both sequenced genes showed 99%similarity with ***’s postulates were followed to confirm the pathogenicity of the isolated *** plants were inoculated with fungus and similar disease symptoms were *** was re-isolated and identified to be identical to the inoculated *** our knowledge,this is the first report describing the involvement of *** in causing leaf spot disease of cotton in Pakistan and around the world.

关键词： Aspergillus tubingensis CaM gene Koch’s postulates cotton

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抗苗勒氏激素对辅助生殖技术治疗多囊卵巢综征患者的临床评估及预后分析

抗苗勒氏激素对辅助生殖技术治疗多囊卵巢综征患者的临床评估及预...

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作者： hassan javed 济宁医学院

学位级别：硕士

抗苗勒氏激素(anti-Müllerianhormone,AMH)是TGF-β家族的一种二聚糖蛋白成员。在女性中,AMH主要来源于窦前和早期窦前卵泡,近年来发现可以提示卵泡池的大小。虽然AMH水平在许多情况下被用来评估卵巢储备,但它最常用的作用是评估在辅... 详细信息

抗苗勒氏激素(anti-Müllerianhormone,AMH)是TGF-β家族的一种二聚糖蛋白成员。在女性中,AMH主要来源于窦前和早期窦前卵泡,近年来发现可以提示卵泡池的大小。虽然AMH水平在许多情况下被用来评估卵巢储备,但它最常用的作用是评估在辅助生殖中卵巢刺激的反应性。AMH在生殖期由卵巢颗粒细胞表达,并通过抑制FSH过度的卵泡募集来限制初级卵泡的形成。在这种情况下,AMH可以预测回收的卵母细胞的数量,并越来越多地被用于指导卵巢刺激方案的选择。AMH是卵巢卵泡发生的重要调节剂,因为AMH在卵巢中有抑制作用,通过芳香化酶的抑制降低卵泡对FSH的敏感性和原始卵泡发生。因此,AMH是多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的关注焦点。AMH与卵巢储备和控制性卵巢刺激反应性有关。PCOS患者的AMH水平较高,对女性生殖系统的生理有一定的影响。新近研究数据表明,血清AMH水平也可能预示ART结局。目的:应用AMH评估(多囊卵巢综合征)PCOS患者的临床评价及妊娠结局。设计:回顾性队列研究方法:回顾性队列研究,2018年01月01日至2020年01月01日在本中心共进行了1550例体外受精(IVF)周期,其中185例PCOS综合症妇女(鹿特丹标准),接受了第一个新鲜IVF/ICSI周期。根据血清AMH75%(高),女性被分为3组。比较各组之间的周期刺激参数和生殖结果。结果:共185例患者按AMH水平分布,并对低、中、高AMH组进行比较。AMH水平,低水平组8.27n=46。中水平到高水平AMH分组的受精率分别是64.2%、70.4%和66.5%。同时,植入率在低AMH水平中升高,在高AMH水平中降低。从中水平到高水平,该比率为40.6%,47.1%,35.3%。临床妊娠时,低AMH组妊娠率增加,高AMH水平组下降。在一系列分析中,对上述分组进行组间比较,如低vs高、低vs中、中vs高。但没有显著性统计学差异。低AMH组与中水平的AMH(46.7%)和高水平的AMH(43.5%)相比,PCOS妇女的每一次ET的活产率(LBR)显著增加。低水平组vs高水平活产分析,p值<0.05;低水平组vs中水平组,p值<0.05;中水平组vs高水平组,p值不显著。每组的流产总数也被提交。在本部分中,高AMH水平也有2例生化妊娠流产和4例临床妊娠流产[n46]。中水平AMH组、低水平AMH组和高水平AMH组足月分娩率约95%、85%和80%。另一方面,高AMH水平组的早产率增加,中、低、高水平AMH组的PCOS早产率约为5%、15%和20%。结论:通过对分布式多群体比较研究的授权分析,表明AMH浓度的升高对ART结果有很大的影响。水平升高可能与低LBR和早产的风险增加有关。因此,就AMH对于ART的功能而言,可以作为预测PCOS患者ART结局的多维标记。

关键词： AMH PCOS 活产率LBR 早产 IVF/ICSI

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巴基斯坦的风能企业发展潜力分析

巴基斯坦的风能企业发展潜力分析

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作者： hassan javed 华北电力大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

近年来,由于工业化和人口不断增加,巴基斯坦的能源需求成倍增长。风能为满足该国的能源需求提供了极好的机会。本文旨在识别和分析显着影响巴基斯坦风电产业发展和竞争力的关键因素。为此,我采用了钻石模型方法。经过仔细分析,我们发现... 详细信息

近年来,由于工业化和人口不断增加,巴基斯坦的能源需求成倍增长。风能为满足该国的能源需求提供了极好的机会。本文旨在识别和分析显着影响巴基斯坦风电产业发展和竞争力的关键因素。为此,我采用了钻石模型方法。经过仔细分析,我们发现这些因素是:需求条件、要素条件、机会、相关和支持产业、企业战略、结构、竞争和政府。该模型中确定的所有因素都在从不同的角度影响风电行业的竞争力。因此,为了风电行业的长远发展,这些因素应该得到加强。我还为巴基斯坦风能产业设计了价值链模型,分析了产业竞争力,并考察了对采用五力模型的显着影响。首先,建立了稳健的巴基斯坦风能价值链模型。其次,我们就风电板块的对比特点,对行业专家进行了访谈。第三,我们通过对相关文献、政府政策框架、授权能源报告和相关法规的综合审查,开发了五力模型。我们考察了巴基斯坦风电行业的五个主要利益相关者,包括供应商、买家、替代品、竞争对手和潜在竞争对手,以找出他们对风电行业发展的影响。本研究结果表明,虽然巴基斯坦政府为风电产业发展制定了许多政策措施,但随着时间的推移,一些政策需要重大改进。这些政策是可再生能源项目融资计划、替代和可再生能源政策以及净计量政策。研究结果还表明,风能产业价值链的实际表现和预期表现之间存在巨大差异。这项研究将通过确定影响巴基斯坦风电行业稳定发展的所有结构之间的关联来帮助所有利益相关者。

关键词：风能钻石模型风力资源五力模型

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Predictions of future hydrological conditions and contribution of snow and ice melt in total discharge of Shigar River Basin in Central Karakoram,Pakistan

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2017年第6期9卷 599-612页

作者： javed hassan Rijan Bhakta Kayastha Ahuti Shrestha Iram Bano Sayed Hammad Ali Haleem Zaman Magsi Himalayan Cryosphere Climate and Disaster Research CenterDepartment of Environmental Science and EngineeringSchool of ScienceKathmandu UniversityNepal Department of Earth Sciences Karakoram International University Gilgit-Baltistan 15100Pakistan

The high mountains of Hindu-Kush Karakoram and Himalaya(HKKH) contain a large volume of snow and ice, which are the primary sources of water for the entire mountainous population of HKKH. Thus, knowledge of these available resources is very important in relation to their sustainable use. A Modified Positive Degree Day Model was used to simulate daily discharge with the contribution of snow and ice melt from the Shigar River Basin, Central Karakoram, Pakistan. The basin covers an area of 6,921 km2 with an elevation range of 2,204 to 8,611 m a.s.l.. Forty percent of the total area is glaciated among which 20% is covered by debris and remaining 80% by clean ice and permanent snow. To simulate daily discharge, the entire basin was divided into 26 altitude belts. Remotely sensed land cover types are derived by classifying Landsat images of 2009. Daily temperature and precipitation from Skardu meteorological station is used to calibrate the glacio-hydrological model as an input variable after correlating data with the Shigar station data(r=0.88). Local temperature lapse rate of 0.0075 °C/m is used. 2 °C critical temperature is used to separate rain and snow from precipitation. The model is calibrated for 1988~1991 and validated for 1992~1997. The model shows a good Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and volume difference in calibration(0.86% and 0.90%) and validation(0.78% and 6.85%). Contribution of snow and ice melt in discharge is 32.37% in calibration period and 33.01% is validation period. The model is also used to predict future hydrological regime up to 2099 by using CORDEX South Asia RCM considering RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate *** future snow and ice melt contributions in both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 are 36% and 37%, respectively. Temperature seems to be more sensitive as compared to other input variables, which is why the contribution of snow and ice in discharge varies significantly throughout the whole century.

关键词： positive degree day factor simulated discharge daily meteorological variables debris covered ice clean ice

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Status and Spatial Visualization of Toxic Pollutants (BTEX) in Urban Atmosphere

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2011年第4期1卷 231-238页

作者： Muhannad Mansha Anwar Rashid Saleemi javed hassan Naqvi 不详

This is a study of visualization of positive data of by Positive Modified Quadratic Shepard (PMQS) method. This data visualization tool was implemented successfully in MATLAB using both recorded pollutants levels and geological coordinates of data acquisition points located in different localities of the metropolitan. These points were located in/around the potential air emissions sources like vehicular transport, industrial sector and residential sector dispersed all around the city Field measurements were carried for 12 hour (day time) at eight points each. An online VOC analyzer was used during field campaign to collect data of hazardous organic pollutants like benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene (BTEX). Constant concentration curves were generated in form of contour plots showing latitude, longitude and spatial distribution of recorded atmospheric pollutants.

关键词： Spatial Distribution Hazardous Air Pollutants Contour Plot Data Acquisition Emission Sources

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电气设备空气中放电的分解气体分析法检测技术研究现状及展望

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高压电器 2016年第12期52卷 15-22页

作者：李康郭润睿 hassan javed 张国强中国科学院电工研究所北京100190 中国科学院大学北京100190

分解气体分析法通过检测故障产生的气体组分诊断设备故障,是检测电力设备故障的重要方法,某些应用场合具有不可替代的作用。然而目前该方法只在绝缘油、SF_6等绝缘介质的场合有应用,对于空气这一最重要的绝缘介质还没有应用。文中在简... 详细信息

分解气体分析法通过检测故障产生的气体组分诊断设备故障,是检测电力设备故障的重要方法,某些应用场合具有不可替代的作用。然而目前该方法只在绝缘油、SF_6等绝缘介质的场合有应用,对于空气这一最重要的绝缘介质还没有应用。文中在简述空气放电衍生物气体产生理论的基础上,分析了采用分解气体分析法检测空气中放电的可行性,并对相关分解气体分析法的应用及研究现状、空气分解气体产生规律等进行了综述。最后提出需要进一步研究问题包括空气气体分解演化规律及影响因素、气体特征与放电的关系、放电识别方法等。

关键词：空气侧放电分解气体分析法放电检测臭氧氮氧化物

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c-C_4F_8及其与N_2混合气体传热性能研究

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高压电器 2016年第12期52卷 99-103页

作者：李康郭润睿 hassan javed 张国强中国科学院电工研究所北京100190 中国科学院大学北京100190

氟碳气体c-C_4F_8温室效应小,耐电强度高,是一种良好的SF_6替代气体。使用氟碳气体与N_2的混合气体作为绝缘介质的气体绝缘开关,将成为一类新型的环境友好的设备。文中以管道输电模型为研究平台,通过散热分析结合实验测量的方法研究了0.... 详细信息

氟碳气体c-C_4F_8温室效应小,耐电强度高,是一种良好的SF_6替代气体。使用氟碳气体与N_2的混合气体作为绝缘介质的气体绝缘开关,将成为一类新型的环境友好的设备。文中以管道输电模型为研究平台,通过散热分析结合实验测量的方法研究了0.1、0.25 MPa两种气压下氟碳气体、20%氟碳气体与80%N_2混合气体的散热性能并与N_2、SF_6散热性能进行比较。结果显示对于同一气体介质气压升高,气体综合传热系数增大,传热性能变好;对于不同的气体介质,气体综合传热系数大小排序有:SF_6≈c-C_4F_8>c-C_4F_8/N_2>N_2,但在管道输电模型下不同气体综合传热系数的差别对传热总量的影响较小,因而可认为这几种气体的传热性能相差不大。

关键词：氟碳气体散热特性综合传热系数管道输电模型混合气体

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