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<i>In Vitro</i >Culture of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>: Obtention of Synchronous Asexual Erythrocytic Stages

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2015年第1期5卷 71-80页

作者： María Roncalés jaume vidal Pedro A. Torres Esperanza Herreros GlaxoSmithKline R&D Tres Cantos Medicine Development Campus Malaria Discovery Performance Unit Madrid Spain

Cultivation of the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium parasites, specifically the most important and deadly for humans, Plasmodium falciparum, has required a lot of effort and time in order to develop a continuous in vitro culture. Moreover, the development of methods to synchronize P. falciparum parasites (which grow asynchronously in vitro) has become an essential tool in research to study different immulogical, biochemical or physiological aspects of the parasite. We have compared two different synchronization methods, one based on differential permeability of the membrane of parasitized erythrocytes, and the other on the sedimentation behavior in gelatin solution. An optimized method has been established which allows for maintaining a healthy, highly synchronous culture for longer periods of time. Asexual erythrocytic stages of a complete P. falciparum cycle have been obtained, which is the starting point of the stage-specific assays of the activity of new antimalarial drugs.

关键词： P. falciparum Synchronous Asexual Stages Stage Specificity

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Fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction problems:Intrusive,avoidance and hyperarousal stress as key mediators

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第8期12卷 1088-1101页

作者： Raquel Falcó Verónica vidal-Arenas Jordi Ortet-Walker Juan C Marzo JoséA Piqueras PSICO-RECURSOS COVID-19 Study Group Department of Health Psychology and Center for Applied Psychology Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202AlicanteSpain Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Universitat Jaume ICastellóde la Plana 12071CastellónSpain

BACKGROUND There is mounting empirical evidence of the detrimental effects of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak on mental *** research has underscored the effects of similar destabilizing situations such as war,natural disasters or other pandemics on acute stress levels which have been shown to exacerbate current and future psychopathological *** To explore the role of acute stress responses(intrusive,avoidance and hyperarousal)as mediators in the association between fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction-related problems:Depression,agoraphobia,panic,obsessivecompulsive,generalized anxiety,social anxiety and health anxiety *** A sample of 439 participants from a university community in Spain(age:mean±SD:36.64±13.37;73.1%females)completed several measures assessing their fear of COVID-19,acute stress responses and emotional dysfunction syndromes through an online *** collection was carried out from the start of home confinement in Spain until May 4,2020,coinciding with initial de-escalation *** of the dataset included descriptive and frequency analyses,Mann-Whitney U Test of intergroup comparisons and path analysis for direct and indirect *** is an observational,descriptive-correlational and crosssectional *** The prevalence of clinical symptoms in our sample,reported since the beginning of the pandemic,reached 31.44%.The female group presented higher scores although the effect size was ***,the participants who exceeded the clinical cut-off points in emotional problems showed higher levels of fear of COVID-19 and of cognitive,motor and psychophysiological responses of acute stress,unlike the group with normative *** addition,the results show significant mediated effects of hyperarousal stress among fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction ***,the clinical syndromes most related to the consequences of the pandemic(e.g.,social contact avoi

关键词： Fear of COVID-19 Acute stress Emotional dysfunction Psychophysiological activation Mediated effects

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