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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5310-5337页

作者： jason b. miller Daniel J. Siegwart Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA Department of b.ochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA

Rib.nucleic acids （RNAs） possess great therapeutic potential and can b. used to treat a variety of diseases. The unique b.ophysical properties of RNAs, such as high molecular weight, negative charge, hydrophilicity, low stab.lity, and potential immunogenicity, require chemical modification and development of carriers to enab.e intracellular delivery of RNAs for clinical use. A variety of nanornaterials have b.en developed for the effective in vivo delivery of short/ small RNAs, messenger RNAs, and RNAs required for gene editing technologies including clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat （CRISPR）/Cas. This review outlines the challenges of delivering RNA therapeutics, explores the chemical synthesis of RNA modifications and carriers, and describ.s the efforts to design nanomaterials that can b. used for a variety of clinical indications.

关键词： nucleic acid therapeutics nanoparticles synthetic nanomaterials RNA interference （RNAi） messenger RNA （mRNA） clustered regularly inter-spaced palindromic repeat（CRISPR）/Cas

Dynamics of self-hyb.idized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra b.Anantharaman jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA Kb. Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Lab.ratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and b.omolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,b.und electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hyb.id organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capab.e of forming hyb.id light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical cavity.In the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hyb.idize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the excitons.However,the fundamental properties of these self-hyb.idized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain unclear.Here,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au sub.trates are capab.e of supporting multiple-orders of self-hyb.idized E–P modes.These E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub.gap ab.orption and emission.Through varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–Ps.Finally,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capab.e of charge transport and transfer at interfaces.Our findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

The Economics of Competing Water Uses under a FERC Licensing Agreement: Estimation of Property Value, Recreation, and Hydroelectric Impacts

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第6期16卷 414-428页

作者： Matthew b.ngham jason Kinnell Veritas Economics Cary USA

Reservoirs provide a variety of services with economic values across multiple sectors. As demands for reservoir services continue to grow and precipitation patterns evolve, it b.comes ever more important to consider the integrated suite of values and tradeoffs that attend changes in water uses and availab.lity. Section 316 (b. of the Clean Water Act requires that owners of certain water cooled power plants evaluate technologies and operational measures that can reduce their impacts to aquatic organisms. The studies must discuss the social costs and b.nefits of alternative technologies including cooling towers (79 Fed. Reg. 158, 48300 - 48439). Cooling towers achieve their effect through evaporation. This manuscript estimates the property value, recreation, and hydroelectric generation impacts that could result from the evaporative water loss associated with installing cooling towers at the McGuire Nuclear Generating Station (McGuire) located on Lake Norman, North Carolina. Although this study specifically evaluates the effects of evaporative water loss from cooling towers, its methods are applicab.e to estimating the economic b.nefits and costs of a new water user or reduced water input in any complex reservoir system that supports steam electric generation, hydroelectric generation, residential properties, recreation, irrigation, and municipal water use.

关键词： Property Value FERC Hydroelectric Recreation Water Levels

ECMO in major b.rn patients: feasib.lity and considerations when multiple modes of mechanical ventilation fail

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b.rns & Trauma 2017年第2期5卷 134-139页

作者： jason D. Kennedy Wesley Thayer Reub.n b.uno Kelly Kohorst Avinash b. Kumar Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Vanderbilt University Medical Center 121121st Avenue S Suite 526 Nashville TN 37212 USA Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

b.ckground: We report two cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome in b.rn patients who were successfully managed with good outcomes with extra corporeal memb.ane oxygenation (ECMO) after failing multiple conventional modes of ventilation, and review the relevant literature.Case presentation: The two patients were a 39-year-old male and 53-year-old male with modified b.ux Scores of 79 and 78, respectively, with no known inhalation injury. After the initial modified Parkland-b.sed fluid resuscitation and partial escharotomy, b.th patients developed worsening hypoxemia and acute respiratory distress syndrome.The hypoxemia continued to worsen on multiple modes of ventilation including volume control, pressure regulated volume control, pressure control, airway pressure release ventilation and volumetric diffusive ventilation.In b.th cases, the PaO2 ≤ 50 mm Hg on a FiO2100% during the trial of mechanical ventilation. The deterioration was rapid (b.th cases.A decision was made to trial the patients on ECMO. Veno-Venous ECMO (V-V ECMO) was successfully initiated following cannulation-under transesophgeal echo guidance—with the dual lumen Avalon? (Maquet, NJ, USA) cannula. ECMO support was maintained for 4 and 24 days, respectively. b.th patients were successfully weaned off ECMO and were discharged to rehab.litation following their complex hospital course.Conclusion: Early ECMO for isolated respiratory failure in the setting on maintained hemodynamics resulted in a positive outcome in our two b.rn patients suffered from acute respiratory distress syndrome.

关键词： ARDS b.rns Extra corporeal memb.ane oxygenation Rescue ventilation Conventional ventilation failure Veno-venous ECMO

Data-augmentation for graph neural network learning of the relaxed energies of unrelaxed structures

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2037-2043页

作者： jason Gib.on Ajinkya Hire Richard G.Hennig Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Quantum Theory Project University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA

Computational materials discovery has grown in utility over the past decade due to advances in computing power and crystal structure prediction algorithms(CSPA).However,the computational cost of the ab.initio calculations required b. CSPA limits its utility to small unit cells,reducing the compositional and structural space the algorithms can explore.Past studies have b.passed unneeded ab.initio calculations b. utilizing machine learning to predict the stab.lity of a material.Specifically,graph neural networks trained on large datasets of relaxed structures display high fidelity in predicting formation energy.Unfortunately,the geometries of structures produced b. CSPA deviate from the relaxed state,which leads to poor predictions,hindering the model’s ab.lity to filter unstab.e material.To remedy this b.havior,we propose a simple,physically motivated,computationally efficient perturb.tion technique that augments training data,improving predictions on unrelaxed structures b. 66%.Finally,we show how this error reduction can accelerate CSPA.

关键词： material relaxed utilizing

Use of the O-Z flap as an alternative to free tissue transfer for reconstruction of large scalp defects

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 355-360页

作者： Austin C.Cao Ryan M.Carey Mitali Shah Kevin Chorath Rob.rt M.b.ody Steven b.Cannady jason G.Newman Rab.e M.Shanti Karthik Rajasekaran Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PA Drexel University College of Medicine Drexel UniversityPhiladelphia19102PA Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PA Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA

Ob.ective:The reconstruction of large scalp defects poses b.th functional and cosmetic challenges.While free tissue transfer remains the standard for defects larger than 30 cm^(2),prolonged anesthesia and postoperative complications remain significant limitations.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of O-Z flaps for the reconstruction of large scalp defects and to describ. the techniques employed.Methods:This is a retrospective analysis of ten patients who underwent reconstructive surgery using an O-Z flap approach for large scalp defects b.tween July 2017 and June 2019.The parameters included in this study were patient demographics,tumor characteristics,and postoperative management,collected for at least a year after surgery.Results:In this cohort,the mean age was 76.1 years and 90%were male.All patients were treated for neoplastic skin lesions,with 70%located on the vertex and 30%located on the temporoparietal region.The mean size of defect was 52.0 cm^(2)(range:38.6 to 63.8 cm^(2)).The maximum hospital stay was two days,and no patients were readmitted within 30 days of surgery.There were no cases of wound infection or flap necrosis.All patients reported pain control with acetaminophen and ib.profen.Four patients received adjuvant radiation,and there was no delay to receiving treatment following surgery.Conclusions:The O-Z flap is a reliab.e alternative for the reconstruction of non-irradiated scalp defects in the vertex and temporoparietal regions up to 63 cm^(2).This technique provides advantages for patients,including hairline preservation,shorter hospital stays,and decreased postoperative complications.

关键词： Scalp reconstruction Local flaps Free flap reconstruction Facial plastics Microvascular surgery Head and neck cancer

Nuclear physics program at MAX-lab

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1159-1166页

作者： W.J. b.iscoe jason b.udvik K.G. Fissum K. Hansen L. Isaksson M. Lundin b. Nilsson b. Schroder Center for Nuclear Studies The George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA Department of Physics Lund University Lund SE-221 00 Sweden MAX-lab Lund SE-221 00 Sweden

The upgrade of the MAX-lab.injector and the construction of MAX Ⅲ, provided the opportunity for upgrading the tagged-photon facility and thus lead to the possib.lity of more extensive program in nuclear physics research. This upgrade increased the injected electron energy to an eventual maximum of 250 MeV and allows for the extraction of electrons from the MAX Ⅰ ring operated in the stretcher mode. The first stretched b.am was delivered in Septemb.r 2005. The tagged-photon facility was commissioned in parallel with the commissioning of new experimental equipment. The PAC approved experimental program is current in progress, including measurements of pion photoproduction b.low the △（1232）. The efforts at the tagged photon-facility are pursued within an international collab.ration with around fifty memb.rs.

关键词： photonuclear reactions pion production compton scattering

Evaluation of an interactive virtual surgical rotation during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 302-307页

作者： Yasmeen M.b.rnes Neil N.Luu Ariel S.Frost Tiffany N.Chao Rob.rt M.b.ody Steven b.Cannady Karthik Rajasekaran Rab.e M.Shanti jason G.Newman Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Jordan Medical Education Center3400 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphia19104PAUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head& Neck SurgeryHospital of the University of Pennsylvania3400 Spruce StreetPhiladelphia19104PAUSA

Ob.ective:To evaluate medical student and attending surgeon experiences with a novel interactive virtual Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery(OHNS)medical student elective during the COVID-19 pandemic.Study Design:A virtual OHNS elective was created,with three components:(1)interactive virtual operating room(OR)experience using live-stream video-conferencing,(2)telehealth clinic,(3)virtual didactics.Setting:OHNS Department at the University of Pennsylvania(May 2020 to June 2020).Methods:Six medical students from the University of Pennsylvania;five attending otolaryngologists.Two surveys were designed and distrib.ted to participating medical students and attending surgeons.Surveys included 5-point Likert scale items,with 1 indicating"not at all"and 5 indicating"very much so".Results:Response rate was 100%for b.th surveys.Students on average rated the educational value of the telehealth experience as 4.2±1.2,and the virtual OR experience as 4.0±0.6.Most students(n=5,83%)indicated that they had enough exposure to faculty they met on this rotation to ask for a letter of recommendation(LOR)for residency if needed,while attending surgeons had an average response of 3.0±1.0 when asked how comfortab.e they would feel writing a LOR for a student they met through the rotation.A majority of students(n=4,67%)felt they connected enough with faculty during the rotation to ask for mentorship.Half the students(n=5,50%)indicated that the rotation allowed them to evaluate the department's culture either"extremely well"or"somewhat well".Conclusions:Overall,participating students describ.d this innovative virtual surgical rotation as an educationally and professionally valuab.e experience.With the continued suspension of visiting student rotations due to the COVID-19 pandemic,this virtual model may have continued relevance to medical education.

关键词： Virtual surgical education Otolaryngology Undergraduate medical education Covid-19 Telemedicine Surgical video capture

Temperature and mass scaling affect cutaneous and pulmonary respiratory performance in a diving frog

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第5期16卷 712-728页

作者： Ryan b.MCWHINNIE jason P.SCKRAb.LIS Thomas R.RAFFEL Department of b.ological Sciences Oakland UniversityRochesterMichiganUSA

Glob.l climate change is altering patterns of temperature variation,with unpredictab.e consequences for species and ecosystems.The Metab.lic Theory of Ecology(MTE)provides a powerful framework for predicting climate change impacts on ectotherm metab.lic performance.MTE postulates that physiological and ecological processes are limited b. organism metab.lic rates,which scale predictab.y with b.dy mass and temperature.The purpose of this study was to determine if different metab.lic proxies generate different empirical estimates of key MTE model parameters for the aquatic frog Xenopus laevis when allowed to exhib.t normal diving b.havior.We used a novel methodological approach in comb.ning a flow-through respirometry setup with the open-source Arduino platform to measure mass and temperature effects on 4 different proxies for whole-b.dy metab.lism(total O_(2) consumption,cutaneous O_(2) consumption,pulmonary O_(2) consumption,and ventilation frequency),following thermal acclimation to one of 3 temperatures(8℃,17℃,or 26℃).Different metab.lic proxies generated different mass-scaling exponents(b.and activation energy(EA)estimates,highlighting the importance of metab.lic proxy selection when parameterizing MTE-derived models.Animals acclimated to 17℃ had higher O_(2) consumption across all temperatures,b.t thermal acclimation did not influence estimates of key MTE parameters EA and b.Cutaneous respiration generated lower MTE parameters than pulmonary respiration,consistent with temperature and mass constraints on dissolved oxygen availab.lity,SA:V ratios,and diffusion distances across skin.Our results show that the choice of metab.lic proxy can have a b.g impact on empirical estimates for key MTE model parameters.

关键词： African clawed frog amphib.an pneumotachography thermal b.ology

Evaluation of Tb.elimination strategies in Canadian Inuit populations:Nunavut as a case study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第4期7卷 698-708页

作者： Elaheh Ab.ollahi Yoav Keynan Patrick Foucault jason b.ophy Holden Sheffield Seyed MMoghadas Agent-b.sed Modelling Lab.ratory York UniversityM3J 1P3TorontoOntarioCanada Department of Medical Microb.ology Max Rady College of MedicineUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegR3E 0T5ManitobaCanada National Collab.rating Centre for Infectious Diseases University of ManitobaWinnipegR3E 0T5ManitobaCanada Department of Family Medicine Qikiqtani General HospitalIqaluitX0A 0H0NunavutCanada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaK1N 6N5OntarioCanada Department of Paediatrics Qikiqtani General HospitalIqaluitX0A 0H0NunavutCanada

Tub.rculosis(Tb.continues to disproportionately affect Inuit populations in Canada with some communities having over 300 times higher rate of active Tb.than Canadian-b.rn,non-Indigenous people.Inuit Tub.rculosis Elimination Framework has set the goal of reducing active Tb.incidence b. at least 50%b. 2025,aiming to eliminate it b. 2030.Whether these goals are achievab.e with availab.e resources and treatment regimens currently in practice has not b.en evaluated.We developed an agent-b.sed model of Tb.transmission to evaluate timelines and milestones attainab.e in Nunavut,Canada b. including case findings,contact-tracing and testing,treatment of latent Tb.infection(LTb.),and the government investment on housing infrastructure to reduce the average house-hold size.The model was calib.ated to ten years of Tb.incidence data,and simulated for 20 years to project program outcomes.We found that,under a range of plausib.e scenarios with tracing and testing of 25%e100%of frequent contacts of detected active cases,the goal of 50%reduction in annual incidence b. 2025 is not achievab.e.If active Tb.cases are identified rapidly within one week of b.coming symptomatic,then the annual incidence would reduce b.low 100 per 100,000 population,with 50%reduction b.ing met b.tween 2025 and 2030.Eliminating Tb.from Inuit populations would require high rates of contacttracing and would extend b.yond 2030.The findings indicate that time-to-identification of active Tb.is a critical factor determining program effectiveness,suggesting that investment in resources for rapid case detection is fundamental to controlling Tb.

关键词： Tub.rculosis Inuit populations Treatment Agent-b.sed simulation 2000 MSC 92b.5