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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 148-150页

作者： Chen Tan Lingwa Wang Yifan Yang Shizhi He George G.Chen jason yk.chan Michael CF.Tong C.A.van Hasselt Wenbin Xu Ling Feng Ru Wang Jugao Fang Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery(Ministry of Education of China) Beijing Institute of OtolaryngologyBeijing 100730China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHongKong SAR999077China Department of Medical Genetics Institute of Basic Medical ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollageBeijing 100730China

Locoregionally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers(LA-LHCs)are traditionally treated with surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy,which impairs speech and swallowing functions and reduces the quality of life.^(1,2)The use of induction chemotherapy(IC)as a larynxpreserving approach for LA-LHCs has been verified and refined.^(3)However,the short-term tumor response to IC varies,non-responders usually show poor survival and little benefit.

关键词： chemotherapy laryngeal surgery

Prediction of esophageal and gastric histology by macroscopic diagnosis during upper endoscopy in pediatric celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第4期23卷 646-652页

作者： Erin D Boschee jason yk Yap Justine M Turner Department of Pediatrics University of Alberta Edmonton Clinic Health Academy University of Alberta Hospital Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of PediatricsUniversity of Alberta

AIMTo determine the sensitivity of macroscopic appearance for predicting histological diagnosis at sites other than duodenum in pediatric celiac disease (CD).METHODSEndoscopic and histologic findings in pediatric patients undergoing upper endoscopy for first-time diagnosis of CD at Stollery Children’s Hospital from 2010-2012 were retrospectively *** charts from 140 patients were reviewed. Esophageal and gastric biopsies were taken in 54.3% and 77.9% of patients, respectively. Endoscopic appearance was normal in the esophagus and stomach in 75% and 86.2%. Endoscopic esophageal diagnoses were eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) (11.8%), esophagitis (7.9%), glycogenic acanthosis (1.3%) and non-specific abnormalities (3.9%). Endoscopic gastric diagnoses were gastritis (8.3%), pancreatic rest (0.9%), and non-specific abnormalities (4.6%). Histology was normal in 76.3% of esophageal and 87.2% of gastric specimens. Abnormal esophageal histology was EE (10.5%), esophagitis (10.5%), glycogenic acanthosis (1.3%) and non-specific (1.3%). Gastritis was reported in 12.8% of specimens. Sensitivity and specificity of normal endoscopy for predicting normal esophageal histology was 86.2% and 61.1%, and for normal gastric histology was 87.4% and 21.4%.CONCLUSIONIn the absence of macroscopic abnormalities, routine esophageal and gastric biopsy during endoscopy for pediatric CD does not identify major pathologies. These findings have cost and time saving implications for clinical practice.

关键词： Endoscopy Histology Esophagus Gastric biopsy Celiac disease

Glucose metabolic phenotype of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第12期22卷 3471-3485页

作者： Anthony KC chan jason IE Bruce Ajith K Siriwardena Regional Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Unit Manchester Royal Infirmary Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester

AIM: To construct a global "metabolic phenotype" of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) reflecting tumour-related metabolic enzyme ***: A systematic review of the literature was performed using Ovid SP and Pub Med databases using keywords "pancreatic cancer" and individual glycolytic and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation(MOP) enzymes. Both human and animal studies investigating the oncological effect of enzyme expression changes and inhibitors in both an in vitro and in vivo setting were included in the review. Data reporting changes in enzyme expression and the effects on PDAC cells, such as survival and metastatic potential, were extracted to construct a metabolic phenotype. RESULTS: Seven hundred and ten papers were initially retrieved, and were screened to meet the review inclusion criteria. 107 unique articles were identified as reporting data involving glycolytic enzymes, and 28 articles involving MOP enzymes in PDAC. Data extraction followed a pre-defined protocol. There is consistent over-expression of glycolytic enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase in keeping with the Warburg effect to facilitate rapid adenosine-triphosphate production from glycolysis. Certain isoforms of these enzymes were over-expressed specifically in PDAC. Altering expression levels of HK, PGI, FBA, enolase, PK-M2 and LDA-A with metabolic inhibitors have shown a favourable effect on PDAC, thus identifying these as potential therapeutic targets. However, the Warburg effect on MOP enzymes is less clear, with different expression levels at different points in the Krebs cycle resulting in a fundamental change of metabolite levels, suggesting that other essential anabolic pathways are being stimulated. CONCLUSION: Further characterisation of the PDAC metabolic phenotype is necessary as currently there are few clinical studies and no successful clinical trials targeting metabolic enzymes.

关键词： Metabolism Pancreatic cancer Warburg effect Metabolic inhibitor Glycolysis Krebs cycle

Checkpoint immunotherapy for NK/T cell lymphoma—Time for a showdown?

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2021年第1期4卷 70-72页

作者： jason Yongsheng chan Jing Quan Lim Choon Kiat Ong Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore169610Singapore SingHealth Duke-NUS Blood Cancer Centre 169610Singapore Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory Division of Cellular and Molecular ResearchNational Cancer Centre Singapore169610Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School 169857Singapore Genome Institute of Singapore 138672Singapore

Editor’s note A commentary on“Combination of anti-PD-1 antibody with P-GEMOX as a potentially effective immunochemotherapy for advanced natural killer/T cell lymphoma”.Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma(ENKTL)is an uncommon and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a geographic distribution unique to East Asia and Latin America.

关键词： immune checkpoint inhibitor chemoimmunotherapy PD-1 nasal lymphoma

AN APPROACH TOWARDS HOLISM IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2010年第3期19卷 285-305页

作者： jason SHERWIN Department of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

This paper posits the desirability of a shift towards a holistic approach over reductionist approaches in the understanding of complex phenomena encountered in science and engineering. An argument based on set theory is used to analyze three examples that illustrate the shortcomings of the reductionist approach. Using these cases as motivational points, a holistic approach to understand complex phenomena is proposed, whereby the human brain acts as a template to do so. Recognizing the need to maintain the transparency of the analysis provided by reductionism, a promising computational approach is offered by which the brain is used as a template for understanding complex phenomena. Some of the details of implementing this approach are also addressed.

关键词： Reductionism holism agent-based modeling linearizations multi-disciplinary optimization complex phenomena understanding Markov-chain vector space hierarchical temporal memories neuroscience-influenced computing

Review on applications of metastatic lymph node based radiomic assessment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2023年第1期9卷 328-341页

作者： Po Ling chan Wan Shun Leung Varut Vardhanabhuti Shara W.Y.Lee jason Y.K.chan Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Health Technology and Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Diagnostic Radiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)has a distinct geographical prevalence in Southern China and Southeast Asia with a high overall survival rate(>90%)in the early stage of the ***,almost 85%of patients suffer from the locally advanced disease with nodal metastasis at *** overall survival rate would drastically drop to 63%.In addition to the generic tumor,nodal,and metastasis(TNM)staging,radiomic studies focusing on primary nasopharyngeal tumors have gained attention in precision medicine with artificial *** the heterogeneous presentation of cervical lymphadenopathy in locally advanced NPC is regarded as the same clinical stage under TNM criteria,radiomic analysis provides more insights into risk stratification,treatment differentiation,and survival *** appears to be a lack of a review that consolidates radiomics-related studies on lymph node metastasis in *** aim of this paper is to summarize the state-of-the-art of radiomics for lymph node analysis in NPC,including its potential use in prognostic prediction,treatment response,and overall survival for this cohort of patients.

关键词： Nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiomics deep learning NPC nodal metastasis artificial intelligence review head and neck oncology cervical lymphadenopathy

Clinically relevant factors associated with quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in deep capillary plexus in patients with diabetes

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 64-74页

作者： Fang Yao Tang Erica O.chan Zihan Sun Raymond Wong Jerry Lok Simon Szeto jason C.chan Alexander Lam Clement C.Tham Danny S.Ng Carol Y.Cheung Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionKowloonChina Hong Kong Eye Hospital Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionKowloonChina CUHK Eye Centre Hong Kong Eye Hospital147K Argyle StreetKlnKowloonHong KongChina

Background:To test clinically relevant factors associated with quantitative artifact-free deep capillary plexus(DCP)metrics in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM).Methods:563 eligible eyes(221 with no diabetic retinopathy[DR],135 with mild DR,130 with moderate DR,and 77 with severe DR)from 334 subjects underwent optical coherence tomography-angiography(OCT-A)with a swept-source OCT(Triton DRI-OCT,Topcon,Inc.,Tokyo,Japan).Strict criteria were applied to exclude from analysis those DCP images with artifacts and of poor quality,including projection artifacts,motion artifacts,blurriness,signal loss,B-scan segmentation error,or low-quality score.A customized MATLAB program was then used to quantify DCP morphology from the artifact-free DCP images by calculating three metrics:foveal avascular zone(FAZ),vessel density(VD),and fractal dimension(FD).Results:166(29.5%)eyes were excluded after quality control,leaving in the analysis 397 eyes(170 with no DR,101 with mild DR,90 with moderate DR,36 with severe DR)from 250 *** the multiple regression models,larger FAZ area was associated with more severe DR(β=0.687;p=0.037),shorter axial length(AL)(β=−0.171;p=0.003),thinner subfoveal choroid thickness(β=−0.122;p=0.031),and lower body mass index(BMI)(β=−0.090;p=0.047).Lower VD was associated with more severe DR(β=−0.842;p=0.001),shorter AL(β=0.107;p=0.039),and poorer visual acuity(VA)(β=−0.133;p=0.021).Lower FD was associated with more severe DR(β=−0.891;pchanges in DM patients.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography angiography Diabetic retinopathy Deep capillary plexus Visual acuity

NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY:A DRAMA THEORETIC APPROACH

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 437-460页

作者： jason K. LEVY Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University

While game theoretic tools have been widely applied to nuclear proliferation and disarmament issues, traditional decision analysis assumes that decision makers, options, and preferences are fixed. A drama theoretic approach is used to overcome these limiting assumptions： Drama Theory （DT） II allows global leaders and national security policy makers to engage in a rational-emotional process of re-defining international security negotiations （and their ＂positions＂ in them） Until agreement on a satisfactory nuclear non-proliferation resolution is reached. The 2009 nuclear energy negotiations between Iran and world powers are modeled with DT II and the Confrontation ManagerTM Decision Support System. By adjusting strategy and deriving transformative security policy, it is shown how international security can be achieved by promoting nuclear non-proliferation and resolving strategic conflict.

关键词： Nuclear non-proliferation strategic conflict drama theory international security

A CASE FOR SUSTAINABLE SECURITY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING:INTEGRATING NATIONAL,HUMAN,ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 385-402页

作者： jason K. LEVY L. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University

In the wake of the September 11,2001 terrorist attacks, there is a growing sense of insecurity felt by many citizens around the world. Sustainable security, with roots in the sustainable development and human security literature, seeks positive transformations for the co-evolving and mutually dependent human-environmental condition by integrating （and subsuming） national, human, environmental, and energy security concems and capitalizing on opportunities provided by human creativity, diplomatic openings, modernization and environmental change. The field of Sustainable Security Systems Engineering is proposed for protecting, restoring, designing, and implementing a set of integrated natural and man-made processes that equitably and responsibly meet the biophysical needs of human communities, while maintaining long-term security, respecting financial constraints, meeting ecological limits, and improving institutional arrangements for transparent and effective governance. Scenario planning is shown to help promote sustainable security by identifying the preconditions of instability and helping to proactively address them in an increasingly complex and uncertain world. The six papers published in this featured collection cross policy domains, geographic, political, and sectoral boundaries and were discussed at forums sponsored by the Systems Engineering and Global Policy group. Collectively, they demonstrate the quality, breadth and depth of systems engineering methodologies that are used to promote sustainable security.

关键词： Sustainable security systems engineering national security human security environment and energy scenario planning

A review on the development of electrolytes for lithiumbased batteries for low temperature applications

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第1期17卷 43-71页

作者： jason A.MENNEL Dev CHIDAMBARAM Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Nevada−RenoRenoNV 89557USA Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Nevada Institute for Sustainability University of Nevada−RenoRenoNV 89557USA

The aerospace industry relies heavily on lithium-ion batteries in instrumentation such as satellites and land *** equipment is exposed to extremely low temperatures in space or on the Martian *** extremely low temperatures affect the discharge characteristics of the battery and decrease its available working *** solvents,cosolvents,additives,and salts have been researched to fine tune the conductivity,solvation,and solid-electrolyte interface forming properties of the *** different resistive phenomena have been investigated to precisely determine the most limiting steps during charge and discharge at low *** mission lifespans as well as self-reliance on the chemistry are now highly desirable to allow low temperature performance rather than rely on external heating *** Martian rovers are equipped with greater instrumentation and demands for greater energy storage rise,new materials also need to be adopted involving next generation lithiumion chemistry to increase available *** these objectives in mind,tailoring of the electrolyte with highercapacity materials such as lithium metal and silicon anodes at low temperatures is of high *** review paper highlights the progression of electrolyte research for low temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries over the previous several decades.

关键词： electrolyte lithium-ion low temperature aerospace solid-electrolyte interface