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AN APPROACH TOWARDS HOLISM IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2010年第3期19卷 285-305页

作者： jason SHERWIN Department of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

This paper posits the desirability of a shift towards a holistic approach over reductionist approaches in the understanding of complex phenomena encountered in science and engineering. An argument based on set theory is used to analyze three examples that illustrate the shortcomings of the reductionist approach. Using these cases as motivational points, a holistic approach to understand complex phenomena is proposed, whereby the human brain acts as a template to do so. Recognizing the need to maintain the transparency of the analysis provided by reductionism, a promising computational approach is offered by which the brain is used as a template for understanding complex phenomena. Some of the details of implementing this approach are also addressed.

关键词： Reductionism holism agent-based modeling linearizations multi-disciplinary optimization complex phenomena understanding Markov-chain vector space hierarchical temporal memories neuroscience-influenced computing

NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY:A DRAMA THEORETIC APPROACH

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 437-460页

作者： jason K. LEVY Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University

While game theoretic tools have been widely applied to nuclear proliferation and disarmament issues, traditional decision analysis assumes that decision makers, options, and preferences are fixed. A drama theoretic approach is used to overcome these limiting assumptions： Drama Theory （DT） II allows global leaders and national security policy makers to engage in a rational-emotional process of re-defining international security negotiations （and their ＂positions＂ in them） Until agreement on a satisfactory nuclear non-proliferation resolution is reached. The 2009 nuclear energy negotiations between Iran and world powers are modeled with DT II and the Confrontation ManagerTM Decision Support System. By adjusting strategy and deriving transformative security policy, it is shown how international security can be achieved by promoting nuclear non-proliferation and resolving strategic conflict.

关键词： Nuclear non-proliferation strategic conflict drama theory international security

A CASE FOR SUSTAINABLE SECURITY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING:INTEGRATING NATIONAL,HUMAN,ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 385-402页

作者： jason K. LEVY L. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University

In the wake of the September 11,2001 terrorist attacks, there is a growing sense of insecurity felt by many citizens around the world. Sustainable security, with roots in the sustainable development and human security literature, seeks positive transformations for the co-evolving and mutually dependent human-environmental condition by integrating （and subsuming） national, human, environmental, and energy security concems and capitalizing on opportunities provided by human creativity, diplomatic openings, modernization and environmental change. The field of Sustainable Security Systems Engineering is proposed for protecting, restoring, designing, and implementing a set of integrated natural and man-made processes that equitably and responsibly meet the biophysical needs of human communities, while maintaining long-term security, respecting financial constraints, meeting ecological limits, and improving institutional arrangements for transparent and effective governance. Scenario planning is shown to help promote sustainable security by identifying the preconditions of instability and helping to proactively address them in an increasingly complex and uncertain world. The six papers published in this featured collection cross policy domains, geographic, political, and sectoral boundaries and were discussed at forums sponsored by the Systems Engineering and Global Policy group. Collectively, they demonstrate the quality, breadth and depth of systems engineering methodologies that are used to promote sustainable security.

关键词： Sustainable security systems engineering national security human security environment and energy scenario planning

A review on the development of electrolytes for lithiumbased batteries for low temperature applications

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第1期17卷 43-71页

作者： jason A.MENNEL Dev CHIDAMBARAM Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Nevada−RenoRenoNV 89557USA Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Nevada Institute for Sustainability University of Nevada−RenoRenoNV 89557USA

The aerospace industry relies heavily on lithium-ion batteries in instrumentation such as satellites and land *** equipment is exposed to extremely low temperatures in space or on the Martian *** extremely low temperatures affect the discharge characteristics of the battery and decrease its available working *** solvents,cosolvents,additives,and salts have been researched to fine tune the conductivity,solvation,and solid-electrolyte interface forming properties of the *** different resistive phenomena have been investigated to precisely determine the most limiting steps during charge and discharge at low *** mission lifespans as well as self-reliance on the chemistry are now highly desirable to allow low temperature performance rather than rely on external heating *** Martian rovers are equipped with greater instrumentation and demands for greater energy storage rise,new materials also need to be adopted involving next generation lithiumion chemistry to increase available *** these objectives in mind,tailoring of the electrolyte with highercapacity materials such as lithium metal and silicon anodes at low temperatures is of high *** review paper highlights the progression of electrolyte research for low temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries over the previous several decades.

关键词： electrolyte lithium-ion low temperature aerospace solid-electrolyte interface

Design for a specified natural frequency of elastically constrained axially graded bars

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第2期26卷 313-316页

作者： Isaac Elishakoff jason Yost Department of Mechanical Engineering Florida Atlantic University

This study derives some closed-form analytic as well as numeric solutions for the axially graded elasticallyconstrained bar with polynomial varying modulus of elasticity, along the axial coordinate. The solutions allo... 详细信息

关键词： Graded bars Vibration Natural frequency

Fundamentals of modern ground control management in Australian underground coal mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第5期30卷 573-582页

作者： jason Emery Ismet Canbulat Chengguo Zhang School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Underground coal mining is inherently hazardous,with uncontrolled ground failure regarded as one of only several critical risks for multiple fatality ***,implementation and management of overarching systems and procedures for maintaining strata control is an important step to mitigating the impact of ground failure hazards at a mine site operational *** paper summarised the typical pro-active ground control management system(PGCMS)implemented in various Australian underground coal *** produces approximately 100 million tonnes a year of metallurgical and thermal coal from approximately 30 of the world’s safest longwall mines operating in New South Wales and *** increased longwall productivity required to achieve both high levels of safety and profitability,places significant emphasis on the reliability of pro-active ground control management for longwall mining *** depths,adverse geological conditions,elevated variable stress regimes and weaker ground conditions,coupled with an industry wide need for increased development rates continue to make ground control management *** control management is not only about ground support and pillar design though but also a structured process that requires a coordinated effort from all levels of the workforce to both minimise the occurrence of adverse geotechnical events and mitigate the potential risks when they do *** PGCMS presented in this paper is proven to provide both a safer and more productive mine environment through minimisation of unplanned *** critical elements of the method are presented in detail and demonstrate the utility and value of a ground control management system that has potential for implementation in underground coal mining globally.

关键词： Strata control Ground control Management Longwall Safety Risk

Description of the song of the Nilgiri Thrush(Zoothera [aurea] neilgherriensis) and song differentiation across the Zoothera dauma species complex

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Avian Research 2018年第3期9卷 273-279页

作者： jason T.Weir Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Department of Natural History Royal Ontario Museum

Background: Taxonomic treatment of the Zoothera dauma species complex is highly variable and has been hampered by the absence of song recordings for the Nilgiri Thrush(Zoothera [aurea] neilgherriensis).Methods: I obtained two recordings of the song of neigherriensis from southern Indian. Here I publish sonograms and analyze song recordings for all but one currently described taxon from the Eurasian portion of the geographic range of this species complex. Principal component analyses were used to investigate song differences between ***: The song of neigherriensis is a highly complex series of strophes remarkably similar to the song of the insular Zoothera major. Vocal analyses across the complex indicate four key groups of taxa differentiated in their songs:(1) simple flat whistled songs which include the northern aurea, toratugumi and the undescribed Taiwan population;(2) eastern populations of dauma(reported here for the first time) which sing like northern birds but with much broader bandwidth,(3) strongly down-slurred, thin whistles of tropical resident imbricata of Sri Lanka and horsfieldi of Indonesia, and(4) highly complex songs of Himalayan dauma, neilgherriensis and ***: Zoothera dauma is unlikely to represent a single species given the simple singing populations from its eastern range and highly complex song from the Himalayan portion of its range. neilgherriensis should either be transferred from Zoothera aurea, where it is currently classified as a subspecies, and be placed as a subspecies within Z. dauma from the Himalayas or it should be recognized as a distinct species. Given the small number of songs available for analyses, I suggest the former course until it can be clearly demonstrated that neilgherriensis and Himalayan dauma are vocally distinct.

关键词： Nilgiri Thrush neilgherriensis Zoothera dauma Song Taxonomy

Quantitative data graphics in 3D desktop-based virtual environments-an evaluation

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第8期8卷 623-639页

作者： Susanne Bleisch jason Dykes Geomatics Engineering FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern SwitzerlandMuttenzSwitzerland giCentre City University LondonLondonUK

3D desktop-based virtual environments provide a means for displaying quantitative data in *** that are inherently spatial in three dimensions may benefit from visual exploration and analysis in relation to the environment in which they were collected and to which they *** empirically evaluate how effectively and efficiently such data can be visually analyzed in relation to location and landform in 3D versus 2D *** two experiments,participants performed visual analysis tasks in 2D and 3D visualizations and reported insights and their confidence in *** results showed only small differences between the 2D and 3D visualizations in the performance measures that we evaluated:task completion time,confidence,complexity,and insight ***,we found differences for different datasets and settings suggesting that 3D visualizations or 2D representations,respectively,may be more or less useful for particular datasets and contexts.

关键词： 3D geovisualization quantitative data graphics visual data analysis empirical evaluation

Conservation and behavior of Africa＇s ＂Big Five＂

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Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 486-499页

作者： Tim CARO jason RIGGIO Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

We examine the conservation status of Africa＇s ＂Big Five＂： lion, leopard, buffalo, black and white rhinoceros and elephant, and the role of behavioral knowledge in their conservation. Efforts to conserve these flagship species consist of in situ conservation, captive breeding and reintroductions. With a few exceptions, we find limited evidence that knowledge of behavior informs conservation programs targeted at these species. For management in the wild, knowledge of infanticide and ranging can provide guidelines for realistic hunting quotas and corridors between protected areas, respectively. For ex situ and reintroduction programs, behavioral knowledge is chiefly focused on improved animal husbandry. Despite a formidable understanding of these species＇ behavior, the practicalities of using such knowledge may be diminished because exploitation of these species is so forceful and the bulk of efforts aimed at conserving these species （and indeed most other African species） are primarily in situ where behaviorally driven interventions are limited. Our comparative findings suggest that behavior has been of rather narrow use in the conservation of these flagship species [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 486--499, 2014].

关键词： African elephant Black rhinoceros Buffalo Flagship species Leopard Lion White rhinoceros