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Insurance Payer Status and Race Explains Much of the Variability in Colorectal Cancer Survival

Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第13期5卷 1223-1233页

作者： Timothy l. Fitzgerald Cary Suzanne lea Prashanti M. Atluri jason Brinkley Emmanuel E. Zervos Brody School of Medicine Division of Surgical Oncology East Carolina University Greenville USA School of Public Health East Carolina University Greenville USA Division of Medical Oncology East Carolina University Greenville USA Department of Biostatistics College of Allied Health Sciences East Carolina University Greenville USA

Health care inequalities exist for patients with colon cancer. We hypothesize that factors such as payers and medical comorbidities may explain much of this inequality. Methods: Patients with colon cancer in the NCDB from 2003-2010 were identified in this study. Results: 541,649 patients were identified. Median age and survival were 68.6 years and 62.5 months. A majority of them (80.2%) were non-Hispanic white (NHW). African American (AA) and Hispanic (HS) patients were more likely to have medicaid (MD) or be uninsured (UI) and reside in counties with lower socio-economic status (SES). From univariate analysis, it was found that private insurance (PI) had superior survival (98.7 months) compared to MD (46.0 months), medicare (MC) (50.4 months) and UI (54.4 months). Survival was highest for HS (70.9 months) followed by NHW (63.2 months) and AA (53.0 months). Also, survival was linked to comorbidity index (CI), SES, chemotherapy, gender and surgical resection. On multivariate analysis, it was found that male (RR 1.11), SES, surgery (RR 2.29), chemotherapy (RR 1.96), CI, and stage were associated with survival. Race was a predictor of survival, with a survival advantage for HS (RR 0.87) and others (0.87) compared to NHW (1) and AA (1.2). Insurance status was strongly linked to survival. Compared to PI all other groups had poorer survival: MC RR 1.11;MD RR 1.44;and NI RR ***: Inequality in outcomes for colon cancer patients is strongly associated with race and underinsurance.

关键词： Variability Colorectal Cancer Survival

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Fine-scale habitats influence tree species assemblage in a miombo forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 958-969页

作者： Jonathan Ilunga Muledi David Bauman Thomas Drouet jason Vleminckx Arnaud Jacobs Jean lejoly Pierre Meerts Mylor Ngoy Shutcha Ecologie Restauration Ecologique et PaysageFacultédes Sciences AgronomiquesUniversitéde LubumbashiRoute Kasapa BP 1825The Democratic Republic of the Congo laboratoire d’Écologie Végétale et Biogéochimie(EvB) CP244Facultédes SciencesUniversitéLibre de Bruxelles50 av.F.D.RooseveltBrussels 1050Belgium Service d’Évolution Biologique etÉcologie CP160/12Facultédes SciencesUniversitéLibre de Bruxelles50 av.F.D.RooseveltBrussels 1050Belgium Herbarium de l’Universitélibre de Bruxelles(BRlU) Facultédes SciencesUniversitéLibre de BruxellesCP26550 av.F.D.RooseveltBrussels 1050Belgium

Aims Relationships between local habitat heterogeneity and tree commu-nities in miombo woodlands have been very little *** some studies have addressed this topic at broad scales and based on few environmental parameters,this study aims at(i)detecting fine-scale habitats(≤10 ha)on the basis of a detailed characterisation of soil explicitly considering past anthropogenic disturbances,and an exhaustive census of the tree community,and at(ii)searching for indicator tree species corresponding to the resulting *** The study was carried out in the miombo woodland of Mikembo Forest Reserve,Upper Katanga,The Democratic Republic of the congo.A complete census of the tree community was conducted in a 10-ha forest dynamics plot comprising 160 adjacent quadrats of 25×25 m,with a total of 4604 trees(diameter at breast height>10 cm).Thirty-six physicochemical soil parameters were *** the frequency distribution of soil charcoal content allowed identifying local signature of past human agriculture in the *** strategies were used to define habitats:(i)a combination of principal component analysis(PcA)on soil variables and Ward clustering and(ii)multivariate regression trees(MRT)to search for key soil parameters allowing the best prediction of species ***-habitat associations were tested by means of a robust statistical framework combining the IndVal index and torus *** Findings The forest contained 82 tree species and a significant proportion of wet miombo species(*** macroura).We detected a strong east-west edaphic gradient driven by soil texture;most chemical soil parameters followed this *** habitats were identified based on soil factors and floristic *** indicator species of these habitats were *** key soil fac-tors discriminating habitats were total calcium,available forms of phosphorus and clay *** though past agricultural practices were successfully detect

关键词： forest dynamics plot indicator species miombo multivariate regression trees(MRT) soil torus randomisation

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Changes in clinical indicators among human immunodeficiency virus patients who failed in antiretroviral therapy during 2004–2016 in Yunnan, China: an observational cohort study

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Global Health Journal 2020年第2期4卷 57-63页

作者： Peicheng Wang Junfang Xu Bingbing Guo jason K Wang liangmin Gao Qianyun Wang Jun Jing Feng Cheng Research Center for Public Health School of MedicineTsinghua University30 Shuangqing RoadBeijing 100084China Research Institute of Health Policy School of Public HealthZhejiang University866 Yuhangtang RoadHangzhou 310058China College of life Science and Bioengineering Beijing University of Technology100 Ping Le YuanBeijing 100124China Schwarzman College Tsinghua University30 Shuangqing RoadBeijing 100084China Department of Sociology Tsinghua University30 Shuangqing RoadBeijing 100084China

Background:This study aimed to investigate the changes in the clinical indicators and influencing factors of treatment duration among human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)patients in whom antiretroviral therapy(ART)was ***:In this retrospective study,a total of 9,418 HIV patients who failed in ART during 2004–2016 were included and divided into two treatment groups—Group 1(treatment time≤3 years,n1=5,218)and Group 2(treatment time>3 years,n2=4,200).Patient follow-up data,including age,cluster of differentiation 4(CD4)count,and viral load,glucose,creatinine,and triglyceride levels,were extracted from electronic health record *** analysis for repeated measures was used to analyze the biochemical indicators,and multiple logistic regression modeling was used to compare relevant data extracted from the Group 1 and Group 2 HIV patient cohorts with different treatment ***:The median initial CD4 count was 175.0 cells/μl(interquartile range,77.0–282.0),while the initial CD4 counts for Group 1 were lower than those for Group 2(Pl cholesterol(TC).Changes in hemoglobin level among HIV patients were also significantly associated with treatment time(P=0.001).The initial CD4 count(odds ratio[OR]=0.756),female sex(OR=0.713),Zerit(d4T)(OR=1.443),TC(OR=1.285),and aspartate aminotransferase level(OR=1.002)were significantly associated with the survival time of dead patients with HIV(Plly,the initial CD4 count(OR=1.456),age(OR=1.022),time interval(OR=0.903),patient’s living status(OR=0.597),d4T(OR=2.256),and triglyceride(OR=0.930)and hemoglobin levels(OR=0.997)were significantly associated with the treatment time of HIV patients with drug withdrawal(Plusion:The initial biochemical parameters can affect the survival and treatment time of HIV *** a comprehensive understanding of the physiological and biochemical indicators

关键词： Treatment time Biochemical indicators HIV/AIDS Failure of antiretroviral therapy

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Impact of Fishing and Stocking Practices on Coregonid Diversity

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1045-1055页

作者： Orlane Anneville Emilien lasne Jean Guillard Reiner Eckmann jason D. Stockwell Christian Gillet Daniel l. Yule INRA UMR CARRTEl Thonon-les-Bains France limnological Institute University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany University of Vermont Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Laboratory Burlington USA Great lakes Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Ashland USA

Fish species diversity can be lost through interacting stressors including habitat loss, stocking and overfishing. Although a multitude of stressors have played a role in the global decline of coregonid (Coregonus spp.) diversity, a number of contemporary studies have identified habitat loss stemming from eutrophication as the primary cause. Unfortunately, reconstructing the role of fishing and stocking practices can be difficult, because these records are incomplete or appear only in hard-to-access historic grey literature. Based on an illustrative set of historic and contemporary studies, we describe how fisheries management practices may have contributed to coregonid diversity loss in European and North American lakes. We provide case studies examining how fishing and stocking may reduce coregonid diversity through demographic decline and introgressive hybridization. In some lakes, fisheries management practices may have led to a loss of coregonid diversity well before issues with habitat degradation manifested. Our review suggests that fish conservation policies could beneficially consider the relative importance of all stressors, including management practices, as potential drivers of diversity loss.

关键词： Coregonus Extinction lake Overfishing Species loss

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Quantifying and Validating Soybean Seed Emergence Model as a Function of Temperature

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 111-124页

作者： Firas Ahmed Alsajri Chathurika Wijewardana l. jason Krutz J. Trenton Irby Bobby Golden K. Raja Reddy Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Mississippi Water Resources Research Institute Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Delta Research and Extension Center Stoneville MS USA

Developing a model for soybean seed emergence offers a tool producers could use for planting date options and in predicting seedling emergence. In this study, temperature effects on soybean seed emergence were quantified, modeled, and validated. The data for seed emergence model development was generated at varying temperatures, 20°C/12°C, 25°C/17°C, 30°C/22°C, 35°C/27°C, and 40°C/32°C, on two soybean cultivars, Asgrow AG5332 and Progeny P 5333 RY. Time for 50% emergence (t50%) was recorded, and seed emergence rate (SER) was estimated as reciprocal to time at each temperature in both the cultivars. No differences were observed between the cultivars in their response to temperature. A quadratic model (QM) best described the relationship between t50% and SGR and temperature (R2 = 0.93). Two sets of experiments were conducted to validate the model. In Experiment 1, 17 time-series planting date studies with the same cultivars were used by utilizing diurnal and seasonal changes in temperature conditions. In the second experiment, sunlit growth chambers with 3 different day/night temperatures, low—20°C/12°C, optimum—30°C/22°C, and high—40°C/32°C, and 64 soybean cultivars belonging MG III, IV, and V, were used. Air temperature and t50 were recorded, and SGR was estimated in all experiments. No differences were recorded among the cultivars for t50% and SGR, but differences were observed among seeding date and temperature experiments. We tested QM and traditionally used Growing Degree Days models against the data collected in validation experiments. Both the model simulations predictions agreed closely with the observed data. Based on model statistics, R2, root mean square errors (RMSE), and comparison of observations and predictions to assess model performance, the QM model performed better than the GDD model for soybean seed emergence under a wide range of cultivars and environmental conditions.

关键词： Growing Degree Days Model Seed Emergence Soybean Temperature

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Tree stand falls: A persistent cause of neurological injury in hunting

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第8期2卷 345-350页

作者： Clifford A Pierre Benjamin A Plog Vasisht Srinivasan Kaushik Srinivasan Anthony l Petraglia jason H Huang School of Medicine and Dentistry University of RochesterRochesterNY 14623United States Department of Neurosurgery University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642United States School of law Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106United States Department of Neurosurgery Rochester Regional Health SystemRochesterNY 14626United States

AIM: To characterize and compare our current series of patients to prior reports in order to identify any changes in the incidence of neurological injury related to hunting accidents in Rochester, New ***: All tree stand-related injuries referred to our regional trauma center from September 2003 through November 2011 were reviewed. Information was obtained from the hospital's trauma registry and medical records were retrospectively reviewed for data pertaining to the ***: Fifty-four patients were identified. Ninetysix percent of patients were male with a mean age of 47.9 years(range 15-69). The mean Injury Severity Score was 12.53 ± 1.17(range 2-34). The average height of fall was 18.2 feet(range 4-40 feet). All patients fell to the ground with the exception of one who landed on rocks, and many hit the tree or branches on the way down. A reason for the fall was documented in only 13 patients, and included tree stand construction(3), loss of balance(3), falling asleep(3), structural failure(2), safety harness breakage(3) or lightheadedness(1). The most common injuries were spinal fractures(54%), most commonly in the cervical spine(69%), followed by the thoracic(38%) and lumbar(21%) spine. Eight patients required operative repair. Head injuries occurred in 22%. Other systemic injuries include rib/clavicular fractures(47%), pelvic fractures(11%), solid organ injury(23%), and pneumothorax or hemothorax(19%). No patient deaths were reported. The average hospital length of stay was 6.56 ± 1.07 d. Most patients were discharged home without(72%) or with(11%) services and 17% required rehabilitation. CONClUSION: Falls from hunting tree stands are still common, with a high rate of neurological injury. Compared to a decade ago we have made no progress in preventing these neurological injuries, despite an increase in safety advances. Neurosurgeons must continue to advocate for increased safety awareness and participate in leadership roles to improve outcom

关键词： Neurological sports medicine Hunting Tree stand falls Spine injury Traumatic brain injury

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2001:中国IT报告

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计算机周刊 2001年第49期 34-35页

作者： Kenneth l. Kraemer jason Dedrick

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Invertebrate Abundance, Biomass, and Richness Associated with an Exotic Invasive Shrub (lonicera morrowii A. Gray)

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Natural Resources 2020年第7期11卷 257-282页

作者： jason P. love James T. Anderson Division of Forestry and Natural Resources West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA Highlands Biological Station Western Carolina University Highlands NC USA

Exotic bush honeysuckles (lonicera spp.) are becoming increasingly common in the eastern and mid-western United States, but little is known about their impacts on invertebrates. We used a modified leaf vacuum to sampl... 详细信息

Exotic bush honeysuckles (Lonicera spp.) are becoming increasingly common in the eastern and mid-western United States, but little is known about their impacts on invertebrates. We used a modified leaf vacuum to sample invertebrates in the shrub strata and understory of three shrub types (and open plots in the understory): single Morrow’s honeysuckle (L. morrowii A. Gray) shrubs, single native southern arrowwood (Viburnum recognitum Fernald) shrubs, and dense thickets of Morrow’s honeysuckle, in southwestern PA, USA during 2004 and 2005. We also assessed the degree of lE_lINK26">lE_lINK25">herbivory on the two species of shrubs. Within the shrub strata, invertebrate biomass was lower in southern arrowwood shrubs, but there was no difference in invertebrate abundance or family richness. Invertebrate abundance and richness were lowest in August, but there was no difference in biomass among the months. Invertebratele="font-family:Verdana;"> abundance, biomass, and family richness were lowest in the understory below dense thickets of Morrow’s honeysuckle. Overall, the percent cover of herbs was the pr

关键词： Invertebrate Biomass lonicera morrowii Morrow’s Honeysuckle Southern Arrowwood Terrestrial Invertebrates Viburnum recognitum

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Spatial dispersion and pattern of lygodium microphyllum in the Everglades wetland ecosystem

Spatial dispersion and pattern of Lygodium microphyllum in t...

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北京生物入侵国际研讨会

作者： Ken Rutchey jason Godin Everglades Division.South Florida Water Management District 3301 Gun Club RoadWest Palm BeachFL 33406.USA

lygodium microphyllum(Old World Climbing Fern) originated from the Old World Tropics and was first observed as a naturalized plant in South Florida in *** has since become a nuisance exotic and has rapidly spread and is being established system-wide in extremely remote and undisturbed areas such as the Florida *** particular *** is primarily invading higher topographic areas such as Everglade tree *** established,l. microphyllum rapidly outcompetes understory as well as shrub and canopy native *** particular concern is that *** is disrupting,at an alarming rate,the flora and fauna of the native ecosystem at the same time that a major 8.4 billion dollar Everglades restoration program

关键词： lygodium microphyllum spatial dispersion pattern IKONOS Everglades wetland ecosysytem

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ZPPR Fuel Element Thermal Stress-Strain Analysis

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2014年第2期4卷 123-138页

作者： Charles W. Solbrig jason Andrus Chad Pope Idaho National laboratory Idaho Falls USA

The design temperature of high plutonium concentration ZPPR fuel plates is 600°C. Cladding integrity of the 304 l stainless steel cladding is a significant concern with this fuel since even small holes can lead to substantial fuel degradation. Since the fuel has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the cladding, an investigation of the stress induced in the cladding due to the differential thermal expansion of fuel and cladding up to the design temperature was conducted. Small holes in the cladding envelope would be expected to lead to the fuel hydriding and oxidizing into a powder over a long period of time. This is the same type of chemical reaction chain that exists in the degradation of the high uranium concentration ZPPR fuel. Unfortunately, the uranium fuel was designed with vents which allowed this degradation to occur. The Pu cladding is sealed so only fuel with damaged cladding would be subject to this damage. The thermal stresses that can be developed in the fuel cladding have been calculated in this paper and compared to the ultimate tensile stress of the cladding. The conclusion is drawn that thermal stresses cannot induce holes in the cladding even for the highest storage temperatures predicted in calculations (292°C). In fact, thermal stress cannot cause cladding failure as long as the fuel temperatures are below the design limit of 600°C (1112°F).

关键词： ZPPR Nuclear Fuel Fuel Failure Fuel Hydriding and Oxidizing Thermal Induced Stresses and Strains Plastic Deformation

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