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Tumor organoids to study gastroesophageal cancer: a primer

Journal of Molecular cell Biology 2020年第8期12卷 593-606页

作者： Ramon U.Jin jason c.mills Division of Oncology Department of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA

Gastroesophageal cancers are leading causes of cancer *** attempts at adopting molecularly based treatment approaches have been slow and ineffective even though we begin to identify specific targetable gene mutations and *** is dear that we should no longer treat all gastroesophageal cancers as a homogeneous disease,which is what we do when we use nonspecific ***,we currently cannot monitor successful gene/pathway targeting,nor understand how/when tumors develop resistance,nor predict which patients will derive maximal *** improve outcomes,we must precisely detail the heterogeneity of these tumors to then individualize cancer therapy as well as develop novel avenues to study and predict treatment effects in individual *** this end,patient-derived organoids,in which tumor cells from individual patients are grown in a Petri dish,are a new versatile system that allows for timely expandability,detailed molecular characterization,and genetic manipulation with the promise of enabling predictive assessment of treatment *** this review,we will explore the development and basic techniques for organoid generation,and discuss the current and potential future applications of this exciting technology to study the basic science of carcinogenesis and to predict/guide cancer patient care in the clinics.

关键词： targeted therapy precision oncology cancer model tumor heterogeneity cancer evolution personalized medicine

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Unintended targeting of Dmp1-cre reveals a critical role for Bmpr1a signaling in the gastrointestinal mesenchyme of adult mice

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Bone Research 2017年第1期5卷 41-48页

作者： Joohyun Lim Joseph Burclaff Guangxu He jason c.mills Fanxin Long Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Division of Gastroenterology Departments of Medicine and Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Department of Orthopedics The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityHunan 410011China Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

cre/loxP technology has been widely used to study cell type-specific functions of genes. Proper interpretation of such data critically depends on a clear understanding of the tissue specificity of cre expression. The Dmpl- cre mouse, expressing cre from a 14-kb DNA fragment of the mouse Dmpl gene, has become a common tool for studying gene function in osteocytes, but the presumed cell specificity is yet to be fully established. By using the Ai9 reporter line that expresses a red fluorescent protein upon cre recombination, we find that in 2-month-old mice, Dmpl-cre targets not only osteocytes within the bone matrix but also osteoblasts on the bone surface and preosteoblasts at the metaphyseal chondro-osseous junction. In the bone marrow, cre activity is evident in certain stromal cells adjacent to the blood vessels, but not in adipocytes. Outside the skeleton, Dmpl-cre marks not only the skeletal muscle fibers, certain cells in the cerebellum and the hindbrain but also gastric and intestinal mesenchymal cells that express Pdgfra. confirming the utility of Dmpl-cre in the gastrointestinal mesenchyme, deletion of Bmprla with Dmpl-cre causes numerous large polyps along the gastrointestinal tract, consistent with prior work involving inhibition of BMP signaling. Thus, caution needs to be exercised when using Dmpl-cre because it targets not only the osteoblast lineage at an earlier stage than previously appreciated, but also a number of non-skeletal cell types.

关键词： gene cell bone Unintended targeting of Dmp1-cre reveals a critical role for Bmpr1a signaling in the gastrointestinal mesenchyme of adult mice Figure

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Tekcrete Fast~: Fiber-reinforced, rapid-setting sprayed concrete for rib and surface control

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 29-34页

作者： Stephen c.Tadolini Peter S.mills David R.Burkhard Minova USA IncGeorgetownKYUSA San Juan coal company WaterflowNMUSA

Fiber-reinforced spayed concrete has been used for several years in civil and tunneling *** conducted to reduce cure times and increase compressive and flexural strengths resulted in the development of Tekcrete Fast~, a cementitious product capable of obtaining 41 MPa compressive strength and 8 MPa flexural strength in only 3 h and reaching 7 d strengths of 62 and 11.7 MPa, respectively.A single bag product that uses conventional shotcrete and gunite application systems makes it a natural crossover product for mining *** discovery of incredible adhesion properties and high resistance to chloride permeability helps ensure long-term stability and increases the ease of *** results from Disaster city~ in Texas and the application for rehabilitating a coal mine belt entry are *** case study illustrates the effectiveness of the product in stabilizing a coal mine beltway and adjacent cross-cuts that were subjected to progressive sloughage due to humidity and cyclical loading.

关键词： Sprayed concrete coal mine High strength concrete Polypropylene fiber

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薄流膜重选设备和摇动翻床

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国外金属矿选矿 1981年第4期 28-35页

作者： c.mills c.R.Burt 杨钟秀美国道比尔有限公司加拿大钽矿公司

本文着重论述细颗粒重选,特别是粒度小于100微米的细颗粒重选。当粒度大致降到100微米以下时,重选设备的选择受到限制(mills)。尽管跳汰机、溜槽、圆锥选矿机和螺旋选矿机的选别粒度下限已扩展到小于100

关键词：重选设备翻床重选机皮带溜槽有用矿物分选机微米颗粒精选设备流膜分选床面螺旋选矿机选矿机械剪切速率剪切率矿泥摇床矿浆浓度给矿选别尾矿流体速度流膜选矿重力选矿

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and inflammation in depression:Pathogenic partners in crime?

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 77-97页

作者： Grace A Porter jason c O’connor Department of Pharmacology UT Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229United States Department of Pharmacology University of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229United States Audie L.Murphy VA Hospital South Texas Veterans Health SystemSan AntonioTX 78229United States

Major depressive disorder is a debilitating disorder affecting millions of people each ***-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and inflammation are two prominent biologic risk factors in the pathogenesis of depression that have received considerable *** clinical and animal studies have highlighted associations between low levels of BDNF or high levels of inflammatory markers and the development of behavioral symptoms of ***,less is known about potential interaction between BDNF and inflammation,particularly within the central nervous *** evidence suggests that there is bidirectional regulation between these factors with important implications for the development of depressive symptoms and antidepressant *** levels of inflammatory mediators have been shown to reduce expression of BDNF,and BDNF may play an important negative regulatory role on inflammation within the *** this interaction more fully within the context of neuropsychiatric disease is important for both developing a fuller understanding of biological pathogenesis of depression and for identifying novel therapeutic *** we review these two prominent risk factors for depression with a particular focus on pathogenic implications of their interaction.

关键词： Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Microglia Neuroinflammation Growth factors Depression

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Development of Test Method for Measuring Sintering Temperature of Mould Fluxes

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第4期18卷 1-6页

作者： WANG Qian LU Yong-jian HE Sheng-ping WANG Li-juan K c.mills chongqing Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China Technology center Shuicheng Iron and Steel (Group) Co Ltd IAupanshui 558023 Guizhou China Department of Materials Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK

Excessive sintering of mould fluxes can readily cause defects and sticker breakouts in continuously cast *** the sintering property is important to minimize problems related to sintering arising from the use of mould fluxes in continuous *** effective method of measuring the apparent sintering temperature has been developed in this *** method is based on monitoring the formation of cavities caused by melting of *** monitoring,the differential pressure of an inert gas flow was measured through a set volume of sample（mould flux A）held in a furnace *** apparent sintering temperature was defined in this test to determine sintering *** sintering properties of fluxes with various contents of carbon black were examined along with identification of mineralogical phases and the nature of the sinter for samples of mould flux A held for one hour at different *** experimental results indicated that the apparent sintering temperature（AST）was a useful parameter to assess the threat of problems related to sinter.

关键词： mould flux sintering property differential pressure apparent sintering temperature

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Male infertility： lifestyle factors and holistic, complementary, and alternative therapies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 410-418,I0008,I0009页

作者： David F Yao Jesse N mills Department of Urology UCLA 1260 15^th St #1200 Santa Monica CA 90404 USA.

While we may be comfortable with an allopathic approach to male infertility, we are also responsible for knowledge about lifestyle modifications and holistic, complementary, and alternative therapies that are used by many of our patients. This paper provides an evidence-based review separating fact from fiction for several of these therapies. There is sufficient literature to support weight reduction by diet and exercise, smoking cessation, and alcohol moderation. Supplements that have demonstrated positive effects on male fertility on small randomized controlled trial （RcT） include aescin, coenzyme Qlo, glutathione, Korean red ginseng, L-carnitine, nigella sativa, omega-3, selenium, a combination of zinc and folate, and the Menevit antioxidant. There is no support for the use of Vitamin c, Vitamin E, or saffron. The data for chinese herbal medications, acupuncture, mind-body practice, scrotal cooling, and faith-based healing are sparse or inconclusive.

关键词： alcohol antioxidants caffeine faith-based healing male infertility obesity scrotal cooling sperm tobacco traditional chinese medicine

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collecting shoulder kinematics with electromagnetic tracking systems and digital inclinometers: A review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第10期6卷 783-794页

作者： Daniel c Hannah jason S Scibek Rehabilitation Sciences Program John G.RangosSr.School of Health SciencesDuquesne University Department of Athletic Training John G.RangosSr.School of Health SciencesDuquesne University

The shoulder complex presents unique challenges for measuring motion as the scapula,unlike any other bony segment in the body,glides and rotates underneath layers of soft tissue and *** ability for clinicians and researchers to collect meaningful kinematic data is dependent on the reliability and validity of the instrumentation *** aim of this study was to review the relevant literature pertaining to the reliability and validity of electromagnetic tracking systems(ETS) and digital inclinometers for assessing shoulder complex *** in technology have led to the development of biomechanical instrumentation,like ETS,that allow for the collection of threedimensional kinematic *** existing evidence has demonstrated that ETS are reliable and valid instruments for collecting static and dynamic kinematic data of the shoulder ***,digital inclinometers have become increasingly popular among clinicians due to their cost effectiveness and practical use in the clinical *** existing evidence supports the use of digital inclinometers for the collection of shoulder complex kinematics as these instruments have been demonstrated to yield acceptable reliability and *** digital inclinometers pose a disadvantage to ETS regarding accuracy,precision,and are limited to twodimensional and static measurements,this instrument provides clinically meaningful data that allow clinicians and researchers the ability to measure,monitor,and compare shoulder complex kinematics.

关键词： Biomechanics Glenohumeral Kinematics Reliability Scapulothoracic Validity

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Solidification and crystallization properties of caO-SiO_2-Na_2O based mold fluxes

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第3期16卷 261-264页

作者： Sheng-ping He Qian Wang Dan Xie chu-shao Xu Z.S. Li K.c. mills chongqing Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China Department of Materials Imperial College London London SW72AZ UK

crystallization properties play an important role in keeping a smooth running of continuous casting process and high surface quality of cast strands. To reduce fluorine pollution in slag, a new type of caO-SiO2-Na2O （cSN） based mold flux was studied. The solidification and crystallization properties, including crystallization temperature, crystallization ratio and solidification mineragraphy, were measured, which were compared with the caO-SiO2-caF2 （GF） mold flux. The results show that the crystallization performance is equal to the high fluoride mold powder and cSN can be used for peritectic steel grades sensitive to longitudinal cracking in continuous casting.

关键词： mold fluxes crystallization properties mineragraphy peritectic steel

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Role of support in photothermal carbon dioxide hydrogenation catalysed by Ni/cexTiyO2

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2018年第2期28卷 168-177页

作者： Salina Jantarang Emma c.Lovell Tze Hao Tan jason Scott Rose Amal Particles and catalysis Research Group School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering The University of New South Wales

Nickel was supported on varied ratios of ceria-titania mixed oxides（Ni/cexTiyO2） to evaluate the role the support plays in photothermal carbon dioxide hydrogenation to produce methane. In a batch photothermal reactor system, Ni/ceO2achieved the highest conversion rate, reaching a conversion of 93% in approximately60–90 min. To decouple the influence of light and heat, the cO2hydrogenation was examined in an in-house designed photothermal reactor, whereby heat can be applied externally. Decoupling experiments revealed that heat from the thermalisation by light was the main driving force for the reaction. In addition, the conversion and temperature profile of the different catalysts revealed that the catalyst performance was governed by catalyst reducibility. H2-TPR analyses showed that the Ni became more readily reducible with increasing ce O2content,suggesting that the oxide plays a role in activating the Ni. The reduction temperature of the nickel catalyst（following a reduction and passivation process） was below 200 °c, which meant that the inherent heating temperature of the photothermal reactor was sufficient to initiate Ni/cexTiyO2catalyst activity. The exothermic methanation reaction was then able to heat the system further, ultimately reaching a temperature of 285 °c. The ancillary rise in temperature promotes further nickel reduction and methane formation, leading to a "snow-ball"effect. The findings demonstrate that, to achieve a "snow-ball" effect in a photothermal system, designing a catalyst which is easy to reduce, active for cO2hydrogenation, and capable of converting light to heat for its initial activation is critical.

关键词： Photothermal cO2 Methanation ceria Titania Nickel Reducibility

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