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Modeling the effect of stand and site characteristics on the probability of mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands using remote sensing data

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 296-306页

作者： Luiza Tymińska-Czabańska Piotr Janiec Pawel Hawrylo Jacek Slopek Anna Zielonka Pawel Netzel Daniel Janczyk jaroslaw socha Department of Forest Resources Management Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in KrakowAl.29 Listopada 46Krakow31-425Poland Forest Management and Geodesy Bureau Ul.Lesnikow 2105-090Sekocin StaryPoland Department of Geoinformatics and Cartography Institute of Geography and Regional DevelopmentFaculty of Earth Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of WroclawPl.Uniwersytecki 1WroclawPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial Management Faculty of Geography&GeologyJagiellonian University in KrakowUl.Gronostajowa 730-387Poland Torun Regional Directorate of State Forests Ul.Adama Mickiewicza 987-100TorunPoland

Over the past decade,the presence of mistletoe(Viscum album ***)in Scots pine stands has increased in many European *** the factors that influence the occurrence of mistletoe in stands is key to making appropriate forest management decisions to limit damage and prevent the spread of mistletoe in the ***,the main objective of this study was to determine the probability of mistletoe occurrence in Scots pine stands in relation to stand-related endogenous factors such as age,top height,and stand density,as well as topographic and edaphic *** used unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)imagery from 2,247 stands to detect mistletoe in Scots pine stands,while majority stand and site characteristics were calculated from airborne laser scanning(ALS)*** on stand age and site type from the State Forest database were also *** found that mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands is influenced by stand and site *** documented that the densest,tallest,and oldest stands were more susceptible to mistletoe *** type and specific microsite conditions associated with topography were also important factors driving mistletoe *** addition,climatic water balance was a significant factor in increasing the probability of mistletoe occurrence,which is important in the context of predicted temperature increases associated with climate *** results are important for better understanding patterns of mistletoe infestation and ecosystem functioning under climate *** an era of climate change and technological development,the use of remote sensing methods to determine the risk of mistletoe infestation can be a very useful tool for managing forest ecosystems to maintain forest sustainability and prevent forest disturbance.

关键词： Generalized additive models Tree infestation Mistletoe occurrence ALS UAV Scots pine

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The rate of deadwood decomposition processes in tree stand gaps resulting from bark beetle infestation spots in mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： Ewa Błonska Adam Gorski jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

Decaying wood is an essential element of forest ecosystems and it affects its other *** aim of our research was to determine the decomposition rate of deadwood in various humidity and thermal conditions in the gaps formed in the montane forest *** research was carried out in the Babiog orski National *** research plots were marked out in the gaps of the stands,which were formed as a result of bark beetle *** plots were located in undisturbed *** research covered wood of two species–spruce and beech in the form of cubes with dimensions of 50 mm×50 mm×22 *** samples were placed directly on the soil surface and subjected to laboratory analysis after 36 months.A significant influence of the wood species and the study plot type on the physicochemical properties of the tested wood samples was *** characteristics strongly correlated with soil moisture.A significantly higher mass decline of wood samples was recorded on the reference study plots,which were characterized by more stable moisture *** decomposition of wood in the gaps regardless of the species is related to lower *** wood species covered by the study differed in the decomposition *** wood samples were characterized by a significantly higher decomposition rate compared to beech wood *** research has confirmed that disturbances that lead to the formation of gaps have a direct impact on the decomposition process of deadwood.

关键词： Bark beetle Beech Decomposition rate Forest ecosystem Mass decline Spruce Woody debris

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Deadwood affects the soil organic matter fractions and enzyme activity of soils in altitude gradient of temperate forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 316-327页

作者： Ewa Błońska Wojciech Prazuch jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

The main objective of our study has been to determine the role of deadwood in the shaping of the amount of soil organic matter fractions in mountain forest *** this purpose,a climosequence approach comprising north(N)and south(S)exposure along the altitudinal gradient(600,800,1000 and 1200 m a.s.l.)was set *** comparing the properties of decomposing deadwood and those of the soils located directly beneath the decaying wood we drew conclusions about the role of deadwood in the shaping of soil organic matter fractions and soil carbon storage in different climate *** basic properties,enzymatic activity and fractions of soil organic matter(SOM)were determined in deadwood and affected directly by the components released from decaying *** decomposed deadwood impacts soil organic matter stabilization more strongly than the less decayed deadwood and the light fraction of SOM is more sensitive to deadwood effects than the heavy fraction regardless of the location in the altitude *** in SOM mineral-associated fraction C content is more pronounced in soils under the influence of deadwood located in lower locations of warmer *** released from decaying wood stimulate the enzymatic activity of soils that are within the range of deadwood influence.

关键词： Enzyme activity Forest soils Heavy fraction Light fraction Soil organic matter

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A comparison of the microstructure-dependent corrosion of dual-structured Mg-Li alloys fabricated by powder consolidation methods:Laser powder bed fusion vs pulse plasma sintering

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3553-3564页

作者： Anna Dobkowska Łukasz Zrodowski Monika Chlewicka Milena Koralnik Bogusława Adamczyk-Cieslak Jakub Ciftci Bartosz Moronczyk Mirosław Kruszewski Jakub jaroszewicz Dariusz Kuc Wojciech Swieszkowski jarosław Mizera Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Warsaw University of Technology141 Woloska02-507 WarsawPoland Institute of Materials Engineering Silesian University of TechnologyKrasinskiego 840-019 KatowicePoland

In this study, powder metallurgy methods were used to fabricate Mg-7.5Li-3Al-Zn alloys from repowdered extruded alloys. Extruded alloys were powdered using ultrasonic atomization, and then laser powder bed fusion(LPBF) and pulse plasma sintering(PPS) were used to consolidate the bulk materials. A comparison of the properties of the fabricated alloys with those of a conventionally extruded one was carried out using methods that characterized the microstructure and corrosion resistance. When compared to their conventionally extruded counterpart, LPBF and PPS materials exhibited refined microstructures with low enrichment in Al Li and coarse Al, Zn, Mn precipitates. The main drawback of the LPBF alloy, printed for the needs of this study, was its porosity, which had a negative effect on its corrosion. The presence of unrecrystallized particle boundaries in the PPS alloy was also unbeneficial with regard to corrosion. The advantage of the LPBF and PPS processes was the ability to change the proportion of α(Mg) to β(Li), which when the complete consolidation of the material is achievable, may increase the corrosion resistance of dual-structured Mg-Li alloys. The results show that powder metallurgy routes have a wide potential to be used for the manufacture of Mg-Li based alloys.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Laser Powder Bed Fusion(LPBF) Pulse Plasma Sintering(PPS) Corrosion Mg-Li alloys

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Feeding Bacillus-based probiotics to gestating and lactating sows is an efficient method for improving immunity,gut functional status and biofilm formation by probiotic bacteria in piglets at weaning

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 361-372页

作者： PawełKonieczka Karolina Ferenc Jens NJørgensen Lea HBHansen Romuald Zabielski jarosław Olszewski Zdzisław Gajewski Magdalena Mazur-Kusnirek Dominika Szkopek Natalia Szyrynska Krzysztof Lipinski Department of Poultry Science University of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland Department of Animal Nutrition The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition Polish Academy of SciencesJabłonnaPoland Center for Translational Medicine Warsaw University of Life SciencesWarszawaPoland Chr.Hansen A/S Animal Health and NutritionHoersholmDenmark Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science University of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland

The effects of dietary probiotic supplementation with viable Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores on sow performance,immunity,gut functional status and biofilm formation by probiotic bacteria in piglets at weaning were ***-six sows reared in a continuous farrowing system for one full cycle were fed gestation diets during the first 90 d of pregnancy and lactation diets until the end of *** sows were fed a basal diet without probiotics(control;n=48)or a diet supplemented with viable spores(1.1×10^(9)CFU/kg of feed)(probiotic;n=48).At 7 d of age,sucking piglets(n=12/group)were provided prestarter creep feed until weaning at 28 d of *** piglets in the probiotic group were supplemented with the same probiotic and dosage as their *** and colostrum collected from sows and ileal tissues collected from piglets on the day of weaning were used for *** increased the weight of piglets(P=0.077),improved the weaning weight(P=0.039)and increased both the total creep feed consumption(P=0.027)and litter gain(P=0.011).Probiotics also improved the faecal score in the second(P=0.013)week of *** immunoglobulin G(IgG)concentrations in sow blood at farrowing and the IgM concentrations in piglet blood at weaning were higher in the probiotic group than in the control group(P=0.046).The piglets from the probiotic-treated sows showed a higher IgM concentration in the ileal mucosa(P=0.050)and a lower IgG concentration in the ileal mucosa(P=0.021)compared with the piglets from control *** probiotic-treated piglets had a thicker ileal mucosa(P=0.012)due to the presence of longer villi and larger Peyer's patches(P<0.001).*** and *** were detected in the probiotic-treated piglets but not the control piglets;these bacteria were present in the digesta and villus structures and formed structures resembling ***,Bacillus-based probiotic supplementation improves the health indices of sows

关键词： Probiotic Gut function Immune status Biofilm Piglet Sow

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C:N:P stoichiometry as an indicator of Histosol drainage in lowland and mountain forest ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 513-522页

作者： jarosław Lasota Ewa Błońska Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str31-425 KrakówPoland

Background:Peatlands form one of the largest carbon pools in the terrestrial ecosystems,representing approximately one-third of the world’s soil *** aim of this study was to evaluate C:N:P stoichiometry as an indicator of changes initialized by dehydration in Histosols of varied *** types of Histosols from lowland and mountain areas were investigated:fibric Histosols,hemic Histosols,sapric Histosols and Histosols ***:We established the concentration and stoichiometry of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorous in the Histosols,and found marked differences in C:N:P stoichiometry between the different types–especially the dehydrated *** mean C:N:P ratio of dehydrated soil was narrower than the C:N:P ratio of soil under the influence of water,which demonstrates that dehydrating Histosols leads to a narrower C:N:P *** is directly related to the intensification of the organic matter mineralisation process and the resulting loss of organic *** recorded a 50%lower carbon stock in the case of Histosols drainic compared to the other types of ***:The narrower C:N:P stoichiometry in Histosols drainic is the result of an decrease in the ratio of N and P to the C ***,this study demonstrates that C:N:P stoichiometry is a useful indicator of the changes that occur in Histosols as a result of dehydration.

关键词： Dehydration Forest soils Lowland Mountain Peat soils

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Fine root morphology and soil properties under influence of different tree stands along an altitudinal climosequence in the Carpathian mountains

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 692-700页

作者： Karolina Staszel Ewa Błonska jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str31-425KrakowPoland

In an era of climate change, understanding the factors that impact root systems can improve our understanding of carbon cycling in forest ecosystems. The study objective was to determine the impact of climatic conditions on the biomass and morphology of roots of different tree species along an elevation gradient, and consequently on properties of montane forest soils. The study plots were established at three different elevations(600, 800 and1000 m a.s.l.) along a slope with an inclination of 15°. The research plots were located in a beech stand(Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir stand(Abies alba Mill.). Soil samples were collected from each study plot, for which basic physical and chemical properties were determined. Additionally, we determined the morphology, production and decomposition rate of fine roots. Our analyses confirmed the significance of climatic conditions in the formation of soil properties, in particular the amount of accumulated carbon and nitrogen content. A decrease of root biomass and reduced root growth were recorded with increasing elevation. The characteristics of roots were linked with the properties of the studied mountain soils, in particular p H, alkaline cation content and content of selected micronutrients. Limitation of root growth in higher elevations affected both study species. Additional research into the formation of tree root morphology is needed, especially in mountainous regions where changes may occur more dynamically. This will provide a better understanding of how stands can cope with different types of environmental stress.

关键词： Beech Fir Forest ecosystem Root biomass Soil properties

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Content of blood cell components,inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in autologous platelet-rich plasma obtained by various methods

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第6期13卷 587-602页

作者： Maciej Dejnek jarosław Witkowski Helena Moreira Sylwia Płaczkowska Piotr Morasiewicz PawełReichert Aleksandra Królikowska Department of Trauma Surgery Wroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw 50-556Poland Department of Medical Science Foundation Wroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw 50-556Poland Teaching and Research Diagnostic Laboratory Department of Laboratory DiagnosticsWroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw 50-556Poland Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma SurgeryUniversity of OpoleOpole 45-052Poland Ergonomics and Biomedical Monitoring Laboratory Department of PhysiotherapyWroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw 50-355Poland

BACKGROUND The evaluation of the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in clinical practice yields conflicting results and raises numerous controversies. This may be due to different concentrations of biologically active components in PRP obtained with the use of different methods of gravity *** To compare the content, repeatability and correlations between biologically active components in PRP obtained with four different commercial *** From a whole blood sample of each of 12 healthy male volunteers, 4 PRP samples were prepared using 4 different commercial kits [Arthrex Autologous Conditioned Plasma(ACP), Mini GPS Ⅲ, Xerthra, Dr. PRP] in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturers. A comparative analysis of blood cell components-13 selected inflammatory cytokines and 7 growth factors-in the obtained PRP samples was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test by ranks. The repeatability of results in each method was evaluated by the estimation of the coefficient of variation. The Spearman correlation was used to estimate the relationship between blood cell content and *** Significantly higher concentrations of platelets(PLT), white blood cells(WBC) and red blood cells(RBC) were found in PRP obtained with the use of Mini GPS Ⅲ than in PRP obtained using other systems. Significant differences in the content of growth factors and cytokines in PRP were found. A positive correlation of the amount of PLT, RBC and WBC with the concentration of most of the growth factors was found but in only three inflammatory cytokines. The obtained correlations between blood cell components and cytokines differed between the systems in terms of statistical significance, which may be due to insufficient sample size. The repeatability of the obtained PLT concentration also varied between protocols with the lowest in Xerthra and the highest in Arthrex *** Significant differences in the content of biologically active components a

关键词： Platelet-rich plasma Cytokines Chemokines Growth factors

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Role of RAGE in the Pathogenesis of Neurological Disorders

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第10期38卷 1248-1262页

作者： Judyta Juranek Konark Mukherjee Bernard Kordas Michał Załęcki Agnieszka Korytko Kamila Zglejc-Waszak jarosław Szuszkiewicz Marta Banach Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology School of MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury10-085OlsztynPoland Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC Virginia TechBlacksburgVA24016USA Department of Animal Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury10-719OlsztynPoland Department of Materials and Machines Technology Faculty of Technical SciencesUniversity of Warmia and Mazury10-719OlsztynPoland Department of Neurology Collegium MedicumJagiellonian University31-008KrakówPoland

This review reflects upon our own as well as other investigators’studies on the role of receptor for advanced glycation end-products(RAGE),bringing up the latest information on RAGE in physiology and pathology of the nervous *** the last ten years,major progress has been made in uncovering many of RAGE-ligand interactions and signaling pathways in nervous tissue;however,the translation of these discoveries into clinical practice has not come to fruition *** is likely,in part to be the result of our incomplete understanding of this crucial signaling *** trials examining the therapeutic efficacy of blocking RAGE-external ligand interactions by genetically engineered soluble RAGE or an endogenous RAGE antagonist,has not stood up to its promise;however,other trials with different blocking agents are being considered with hope for therapeutic success in diseases of the nervous system.

关键词： Receptor for advanced glycation end-products Nervous system Neurological disorders Sensorimotor disorders

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Apolipoprotein E variants correlate with the clinical presentation of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease:A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第14期27卷 1483-1496页

作者： Aleksandra Glapa-Nowak Mariusz Szczepanik Barbara Iwańczak jarosław Kwiecień Anna Barbara Szaflarska-Popławska Urszula Grzybowska-Chlebowczyk Marcin Osiecki Marcin Dziekiewicz Andrzej Stawarski jarosław Kierkuś Tomasz Banasiewicz Aleksandra Banaszkiewicz jarosław Walkowiak Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases PoznańUniversity of Medical SciencesPoznań60-572Poland Department of Pediatrics Medical University of WroclawWroclaw 50-369Poland Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical Sciences in ZabrzeMedical University of SilesiaZabrze 41-800Poland Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical SciencesMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowice 40-752Poland Department of Gastroenterology HepatologyFeeding Disorders and PaediatricsThe Children’s Memorial Health InstituteWarsaw 04-730Poland Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Medical University of WarsawWarsaw 02-091Poland Department and Clinic of Pediatrics Gastroenterology and NutritionWroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw 50-369Poland Chair and Department of General Surgery Gastroenterological Surgical Oncology and Plastic SurgeryPoznańUniversity of Medical SciencesPoznań60-355Poland

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that apolipoprotein E(APOE)polymorphisms are associated with the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the early age of disease ***,there are no reports regarding the relationship with clinical characteristics and disease *** To summarise that APOE polymorphisms are associated with the risk of developing IBD and the early age of disease *** In total,406 patients aged 3-18 with IBD(192 had ulcerative colitis and 214 had Crohn’s disease)were genotyped using the TaqMan hydrolysis probe *** expression was described at diagnosis and the worst flare by disease activity scales,albumin and C-reactive protein levels,localisation and behaviour(Paris classification).Systemic steroid intake with the total number of courses,immunosuppressive,biological,and surgical treatment with the time and age of the first intervention were *** total number of exacerbation-caused hospitalisations,the number of days spent in hospital due to exacerbation,the number of relapses,and severe relapses were also *** Ulcerative colitis patients with the APOEε4 allele had lower C-reactive protein values at diagnosis(P=0.0435)and the worst flare(P=0.0013)compared to patients with the APOEε2 allele and genotype APOEε3/ε***’s disease patients with the APOEε2 allele scored lower on the Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index at diagnosis(P=0.0204).IBD patients with APOEε2 allele spent fewer days in the hospital due to relapse(P=0.0440).CONCLUSION APOE polymorphisms are associated with the risk of developing IBD and the clinical expression of ***,the clinical relevance of the differences identified is rather modest.

关键词： Apolipoprotein E polymorphism Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Immunosuppression Surgery Disease severity

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