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Analysis of Foreign Trade Among Slovakia and the Country V4 After the Changeover

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Chinese Business Review 2015年第3期14卷 119-125页

作者： jarmila Hudakova Constantine the Philosopher University Nitra Slovak Republic

The article presents the situation in foreign trade among Slovakia and the country V4 （Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovak Republic） after the changeover in 2009. At a time of economic crisis, Slovakia acceded to the adoption of a common currency--the euro. Prior to the adoption of the euro, apprehensions were raised due to currency decreased export from Slovakia to countries V4. In this article, author analyses the mutual foreign trade of Slovakia with countries of V4 for all commodities in standard international trade classification （SITC） codes. The analysis covers the time before the adoption of the euro from 2004 to 2008 and after the adoption of the euro in the years from 2009 to 2013. It compares the percentage change over the previous year, the balance of foreign trade, and foreign trade turnover. The same analysis is also done for the period prior to the adoption of the euro as a whole and after the adoption of the euro. In the calculations, data from UN Comtrade Database were used, which are indicated in USD. The results indicate that in the transition to the common currency, the euro did not mean for Slovakia worsening trade with V4 countries. Economies of these countries have long been linked and even the possibility of its own monetary policy does not endanger Slovakia＇s export to these countries.

关键词： export import balance of foreign trade foreign trade turnover countries V4

Business Service Centres and Their Current Challenges in Slovak Republic

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Management Studies 2018年第6期6卷 454-460页

作者： jarmila Hudáková Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra NitraSlovak Republic

Globalization of the world economy and the entrance of the information society have a significant impact on the development of business activities of individual *** centralization and outsourcing of business services is a globally growing trend,this industry has enormous *** Service Centres(BSCs)are considered to be a model in the European Union that leads to improved performance and results achieved by the *** the framework of EU free trade,up to 70%of European centres state that standardization and process transformation is the first corner in deciding to set up the *** aim of the article is to analyse the market of business service centres in the Slovak Republic and their impact on employment within the *** competitive advantage of Slovakia lies above all in economic and political stability,geographic location,skilled workforce and European *** to positive business experiences in Slovakia,most investors remain and large numbers of them are expanding their activities,despite the rising cost of *** on the use of quantitative methods,we analyse secondary data on business service *** education graduates are often the main source of workforce for business service centres.

关键词： Business Service Centre(BSC) Shared Service Centre(SSC) Business Process Outsourcing(BPO)

Local Development Fee in Slovak Republic

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2017年第3期13卷 128-133页

作者： jarmila Hudakova Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra Slovak Republic

With the advent of tax and expenditure limitations, state and local governments have been searching for new sources of revenue to maintain or expand public services. The need for new sources of revenue has been particularly acute in localities that have experienced rapid growth. The new act No. 447 of November 20, 2015 on Local Development Fee was approved in Slovakia. The Act comes into force on November 1, 2016. The paper points out possible problems associated with the introduction of the local development fee abroad and discribes the situation in Slovakia.

关键词： local development fee tax incidence local government local policy infrastructure financing

On the helium bubble swelling in nano-oxide dispersion-strengthened steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第10期105卷 172-181页

作者： Vladimir Krsjak Tielong Shen jarmila Degmova Stanislav Sojak Erik Korpas Pavol Noga Werner Egger Bingsheng Li Vladimir Slugen Frank A.Garner Slovak University of Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information TechnologyInstitute of Nuclear and Physical EngineeringIlkovicova 3Bratislava 81219Slovakia Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern PhysicsLanzhou 730000China Slovak University of Technology Faculty of Materials Science and TechnologyAdvanced Technologies Research InstituteJana Bottu 2781/25Trnava 91724Slovakia Universität der Bundeswehr München Institut für Angewandte Physik und Messtechnik LRT2Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39Neubiberg85577Germany Southwest University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy MaterialsMianyangSichuan 621010China Texas A&M University Nuclear Engineering DepartmentCollege StationTX 77843USA Radiation Effects Consulting LLC Richland WA 99354USA

The development of structural materials resistant to harsh radiation environments requires an in-depth understanding of the early stage of the aging *** radiation environments with high transmutation helium production rates such as in fusion and spallation applications,even materials with otherwise acceptable radiation stability may suffer from radiation embrittlement related to helium bubble *** theoretical modeling of helium-assisted cavity nucleation in pure metals and simple alloys provides some useful guidelines at the atomic scale level,these,however,do not overlap with the size resolution of available experimental *** this study,we employed slow positron beam spectroscopy to characterize the nucleation and growth of nano-scale helium bubbles in martensitic steels strengthened by thermodynamically stable nano-oxide *** combination with transmission electron microscopy,we experimentally characterized the evolution of helium bubbles from small clusters of radiation-induced vacancies to large cavities well resolvable by *** radiation resistance of oxide-dispersion strengthened steels dominates only in the early stages of bubble evolution,where positron lifetime measurements provide a missing piece of the microstructural puzzle conventionally constructed by TEM.

关键词： Ion irradiation Bubble swelling Helium Positron annihilation spectroscopy Oxide dispersion strengthened steels

Startups Support in Slovak Republic

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Management Studies 2019年第1期7卷 63-69页

作者： jarmila Hudáková Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra NitraSlovakia

In a knowledge-based society,innovation is the driving force of the economy on all levels and in all types of *** to high risks present when introducing new products and services,innovations are usually commercialized via isolated formal formations such as startup companies(next,just startup).The aim of the article is to empirically analyse the situation of startups in Slovakia and describe how Slovak republic supports *** used the questionnaire and we approached 289 small and medium enterprises,in case of which we assumed that they are *** assumption confirmed 153 startups based on the returned *** Republic has all that is necessary for the startup *** survey showed that there is a need to support women in business and activate more investors interested in investments in *** of startup still use mainly own savings for funding *** findings can inspire new *** may increase investors’interest in investing in startup companies due to the fact that the Slovak Republic conditions are created for this type of business.

关键词： innovations startup the simplified joint stock company ecosystem

Monitoring of Soil Bulk Density in Context with Its Small-Scale Spatial Heterogeneity

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第5期9卷 138-151页

作者： Miloš Širáň jarmila Makovníková National Agricultural and Food Centre Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute Bratislava Slovakia

The main aim of soil monitoring system is to obtain the knowledge of the most current state and development of soil properties according to concrete threats to soil. To determine the significant changes of soil properties in time, it is important to know spatial variability of concrete soil parameter for concrete site. Only those time changes of the soil parameter are significant, which exceed its spatial variability at the site. The main aim of the study has been focused on the evaluation of small-scale site heterogeneity of equilibrium soil bulk density and the integration of impact of this heterogeneity in evaluation of degradation process of soil compaction in time. As site variation coefficients have considerably varied at standard sampling with five repetitions during monitoring period, one-time detail spatial variability mapping of soil bulk density was realized at 17 repetitions on five selected monitoring sites with different soil type, texture and use. This increase in the number of sampling points helped us to specify and stabilize the values of variation coefficients (between minimum and maximum by standard sampling) as well as the extent of confidence intervals. Standard deviations at the chosen monitoring sites moved from 0.039 to 0.118 g·cm-3 in topsoil and from 0.031 to 0.067 g·cm-3 in subsoil and expressed as variation coefficient 2.9% - 9.2% and 2.0% - 4.9%, respectively. The intervals of significant time changes of soil bulk density for the sites and depths were determined on the base of its site confidence interval (9

关键词： Soil Monitoring Soil Bulk Density Spatial Site and Time Variability Significant Time Change

Prima deutsch fur jugendliche

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Proficiency Testing in Analysis of Wine Products

2011年

作者： jarmila Antosova

本书对原版教材进行了改编和微调，其中包括在学生用书每个单元之后列出生词表、学生用书第一册中增加练习要求德汉对照表、语法专业术语德汉对照表、风土人情专题词汇表达德汉对照表等。从第二册起，学生用书不再提供练习要求德汉对照表。

ISBN: (纸本)9787544620710

关键词：德语

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2013年第8期7卷 774-778页

作者： jarmila Lastincova Eubica Pospisilova Ernest Beinrohr Central Controlling and Testing Institute in Agriculture Bratislava 83316 Slovakia Faculty of Agronomy Mendel University in Brno Brno 61300 Czech Republic Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology Slovak University of Technology Bratislava 81237 Slovakia

The quality variety wines which are produced in specified regions of Slovakia are mostly watched category of wine in European Union. Quality of the measurement for appropriate parameter in wine sample is given by uncertainty. Therefore, protocol of analysis has to have an uncertainty of measurement and should be made in accredited laboratory. In Slovakia, there are six wine growing regions （Tokaj, east Slovakia region, south Slovakia region, middle Slovakia region, Nitriansky region and Little-Carpathian region） where the quality wines with protected designation of origin are produced. Central Controlling and Testing Institute in Agriculture in Bratislava is a state organization, which has an accredited laboratory for testing wine products before introduction into the market. This article presents the results of the authors＇ measurements in proficiency testing FAPAS （food analysis performance assessment scheme） which were organized by Central Science Laboratory in York （England） in 2011. The authors add also interlaboratory comparison in 2012 between Slovak accredited laboratories. The results show very good agreement. Quality control in the wine sector presents very important feature in the market, therefore, using certified reference materials and checking the accredited laboratories with interlaboratory comparisons is very helpful. Testing of wine in the authors＇ laboratory is performed by EN ISO/IEC： 17025. The results show that z-score lies not outside the range ±2 and this is a chance that the authors＇ results are actually acceptable.

关键词： Wine analysis comparison proficiency tests.

Contribution of Good Agricultural Practices to Soil Biodiversity

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第1期11卷 75-85页

作者： Beata Houšková Rastislav Bušo jarmila Makovníková National Agricultural and Food Centre/Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute Bratislava Slovakia National Agricultural and Food Centre/VÚ RV Pie&#353 ť any Slovakia National Agricultural and Food Centre/Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute Banská Bystrica Slovakia

At present time when climate change has negative effect on soil moisture and can decrease significantly the productivity, good agricultural practises have a high importance via their direct influence on soil properties, regimes and biodiversity. Objectives of this study have been focused on the assessment of good agricultural practises in different soil cultivation types: conventional, minimum till, mulch, no-till and organic farming. Method used was based on two case study areas where organic and/or minimal farming systems have been applied. As a control, we chose soil with traditional cultivation. In organic farm, we evaluated earthworms;their amount and status and in farm with different types of cultivation we evaluated the microbial activity to assess the biodiversity conditions. Basic soil properties and soil structure have been set to be able to assess the influence of good agricultural practises on soil environment. Our study shows positive effect of these practises on soil moisture content, biodiversity and soil structure stability. These findings can be used for further studies determining the ways of soil cultivation in harmony with nature—in sustainable way.

关键词： Good Agricultural Practices Soil Biodiversity Earthworms Microorganisms Soil Enzymes Organic Farm Soil Moisture