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In polytocous mammals,weakling neonates,but not their stronger littermates,benefit from specialized foraging

Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 675-683页

作者： janko skok Maja PREVOLNIK POVSE Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Maribor2311 HoceSlovenia

Adjusting foraging strategies is a common phenomenon within groups of animals competing for the same *** polytocous mammals,neonates concurrently compete for limited milk and alternate between two foraging(suckling)strategies:adaptable exploratory foraging with random sampling of teats,and ordered foraging with a tendency towards exploiting a particular suckling *** theoretical(game theory)models have shown that weaker siblings in particular benefit from foraging specialization(suckling order).Neonate piglets establish a well-defined suckling order that develops gradually and fluctuates throughout the lactation period,implying the existence of inter-individual differences in foraging *** therefore analyzed suckling behavior in pigs to determine whether one foraging strategy was more beneficial to neonates in terms of their body weight and foraging *** found that intermediate and heavy littermates tended to adjust their suckling strategy according to the foraging environment;however,the selected foraging strategy did not affect their overall growth *** individuals that consumed significantly less milk did not greatly alternate their foraging strategy according to the foraging environment but their growth rate was significantly higher whenever they performed less-exploratory foraging *** suckling order appeared to be a relatively stable behavioral phenotype,it was beneficial exclusively for *** results confirm theoretical predictions and indicate that specializing in a suckling position is a beneficial strategy for weaker,light *** findings suggest that physically weaker neonates might have driven the evolution of neonatal foraging specialization.

关键词： neonatal foraging strategy pig polytocous mammals suckling

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