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Multi-scale processes influencing global carbon storage and land-carbon-climate nexus:A critical review

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Pedosphere 2023年第2期33卷 250-267页

作者： Owais Ali WANI Shamal Shasang KUMAR Nazir HUSSAIN Anas Ibni Ali WANI subhash BABU Parvej ALAM Megna RASHID Simona Mariana POPESCU Sheikh MANSOOR Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology(SKUAST)Kashmir 193201(India) Division of Agronomy SKUASTKashmir 193201(India) Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University Katra 182301(India) Division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012(India) Department of Biology College of Science and HumanitiesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942(Saudi Arabia) Faculty of Forestry SKUASTKashmir 191201(India) Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering University of CraiovaCraiova 200585(Romania) Division of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic SciencesSKUASTJammu 180009(India)

Carbon(C)is a key constitutive element in living organisms(plants,microbes,animals,and humans).Carbon is also a basic component of agriculture because it plays a dynamic role in crop growth,development,nutrient cycling,soil fertility,and other agricultural *** presence of C enhances soil physical,chemical,and biological *** C cycle supports all life on the Earth by transferring C between living organisms and the *** global climate is changing,and this change is attributable to the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from human *** to the global climate change,agriculture is expected to be majorly *** production is directly linked to the *** five main global C pools are the oceanic,geologic,pedologic,atmospheric,and biotic pools,with specific reservoirs and inter-pool *** soil organic matter has various organic C pools(active,slow,and passive pools),containing various C-based fractions and specific liability ***,geology,land use,and management techniques are some of the variables that affect organic C and its *** dynamics of each of these variables must be understood for a thorough knowledge of how they impact the soil C pools and storage capacity under the changing climate *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the various factors that affect soil C pools/fractions and their C sequestration capacity.

关键词： carbon dynamics carbon pools carbon sequestration climate change climate-smart agriculture land use management practice soil organic carbon

Identification,synthesis and characterization of an unknown process related impurity in eslicarbazepine acetate active pharmaceutical ingredient by LC/ESI-IT/MS,~1H,^(13)C and ~1H-~1H COSY NMR

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2014年第5期4卷 339-344页

作者： Saji Thomas Saroj Kumar Paul subhash Chandra Joshi Vineet Kumar Ashutosh Agarwal Dharam Vir Analytical Research Department Jubilant Life Sciences Ltd.R&D CentreC-26Sector-59NoidaUttar Pradesh 201301India Chemical Research Department Jubilant Life Sciences Ltd.R&D CentreC-26Sector-59NoidaUttar Pradesh 201301India

A new impurity was detected during high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） analysis of eslicarbazepine acetate active pharmaceutical ingredient. The structure of unknown impurity was postulated based on liquid chromatography mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization and ion trap analyzer （LC/ESI-IT/MS） analysis. Proposed structure of impurity was unambiguously confirmed by synthesis followed by characterization using 1H, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry （NMR）, 1H-1H correlation spectro-scopy （COSY） and infrared spectroscopy （IR）. Based on the spectroscopic and spectrometric data, unknown impurity was characterized as 5-carbamoyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepin-10-yl propionate.

关键词： Eslicarbazepine acetate Characterization LC/ES I-IT/MS NMR Impurity

基于双横臂的1/4汽车模型及其等效模型的建模控制研究

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振动与冲击 2019年第10期38卷 6-14页

作者：朱柏霖秦武上官文斌 subhash Rakheja 华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广州510641

建立了基于双横臂悬架的1/4汽车模型和等效的二自由度模型。根据基于双横臂悬架的1/4汽车模型的簧载质量和非簧载质量的动力学响应,通过参数辨识的方法,给出了辨识等效二自由度模型的质量、刚度和阻尼系数的方法。计算结果表明,等效二... 详细信息

建立了基于双横臂悬架的1/4汽车模型和等效的二自由度模型。根据基于双横臂悬架的1/4汽车模型的簧载质量和非簧载质量的动力学响应,通过参数辨识的方法,给出了辨识等效二自由度模型的质量、刚度和阻尼系数的方法。计算结果表明,等效二自由度模型辨识结果中的刚度和阻尼系数的数值与基于双横臂悬架的1/4汽车模型中相关参数的名义值有较大的差异。分析了悬架衬套、减振器上端支撑的刚度对等效二自由度模型参数辨识结果的影响。对比分析了采用辨识参数的等效二自由度模型和基于双横臂悬架的1/4汽车模型的簧载质量和非簧载质量的响应,证明了参数辨识方法的准确性。基于辨识参数的二自由度控制模型,给出了基于等效二自由度模型的参考模型滑模控制方法。试验和计算结果表明,与采用名义值相比,参考模型的刚度和阻尼系数采用辨识值时,等效二自由度控制模型可以获得更好的控制效果。

关键词：双横臂悬架参数辨识橡胶衬套滑模控制

Evaluating the Importance of Apoptotic Index, Mitotic Index and Turnover Index in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of Cervix

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Open Journal of Pathology 2015年第2期5卷 29-37页

作者： subhash Bhardwaj Farooq Ahmed Wani Department of Pathology Government Medical College Jammu India Department of Pathology Aljouf College of Medicine Sakaka KSA

Aim: To evaluate the premalignant and malignant lesions of the uterine cervix on light microscopy for apoptosis. To calculate and correlate the apoptotic index (AI), mitotic index (MI) and turnover index of the lesions. Materials and methods: A 2-year retrospective (November 2007 to October 2009) and 1-year prospective study (November 2009 to October 2010). A total of 95 cases of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix were studied. The hematoxylin-eosin stained slides were screened for apoptosis under oil immersion lens. Apoptotic index (AI) was calculated as the number of Apoptotic cells and Apoptotic bodies, expressed as percentage of total no. of tumour cells counted in each case. Mitotic index (MI) was calculated by counting mitosis among 1000 tumour cells. Turnover index (TOI) was obtained by adding MI and AI, i.e., (TOI = MI + AI). After calculating, all these indices were correlated with different grades of the cervical lesions. Results: Premalignant lesions were divided into four subgroups. On statistical analysis, it was found that the difference in the apoptotic indices and turnover indices in all the four subgroups was not statistically significant. However for mitotic indices, significant statistical difference was found in Subgroup II (mild dysplasia vs. moderate dysplasia) with a p value of 0.03 and in subgroup IV (squamous metaplasia vs. moderate/severe dysplasia) with a p value of 0.0005. Within the malignant group, we compared well differentiated with less well differentiated subgroup. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in TOI between the two subgroups of malignant tumours (p = 0.04). Statistical comparison between premalignant and malignant group of lesions showed a highly significant difference between the AI, MI and TOI with p value of 0.0001. Conclusion: We conclude that proliferative and apoptotic indices are useful in distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions of the cervix. Proliferative activity of a lesion

关键词： Apoptosis Apoptotic Index Mitosis Cervical Carcinoma

MR阻尼器控制与滞环特性相分离的F-v模型

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机械工程学报 2005年第7期41卷 186-191页

作者：王恩荣陈余寿马晓青苏春翌 Rakheja subhash 南京师范大学电气与自动化工程学院南京210042 康考迪亚大学机械与工业工程系

提出了一种基于对称和不对称Sigmoid函数,描述半主动可控磁流变液(MR)阻尼器阻尼力一相对速度(F-v)数学模型。该模型准确地描述了MR阻尼器非线性饱和的直流电流控制和对称滞环F-v的工作特性,以及激励频率和幅度对阻尼力的强影响特性,具... 详细信息

提出了一种基于对称和不对称Sigmoid函数,描述半主动可控磁流变液(MR)阻尼器阻尼力一相对速度(F-v)数学模型。该模型准确地描述了MR阻尼器非线性饱和的直流电流控制和对称滞环F-v的工作特性,以及激励频率和幅度对阻尼力的强影响特性,具有精度高和电流控制增益与滞环算子相分离的特点。将该模型与车辆悬架动力学模型结合分析,仿真结果表明MR阻尼器对实现新一代智能车辆悬架系统设计有潜在的意义,所提出的模型对进一步推动车辆悬架减振控制器设计研究有重要作用。

关键词：磁流变液(MR)阻尼器滞环F-v模型车辆悬架振动抑制

Crop productivity,soil health,and energy dynamics of Indian Himalayan intensified organic maize-based systems

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 260-270页

作者： Raghavendra Singh subhash Babu R.K.Avasthe Gulab Singh Yadav Anup Das K.P.Mohapatra Amit Kumar Vinod K.Singh Puran Chandra ICAR-National Organic Farming Research Institute GangtokSikkim737102India Division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi110012India ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region Tripura CentreLembucherraTripura799210India ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources New Delhi110012India

The sustainability of prevailing maize-fallow system in rainfed ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayan region(EHR)of India is often questioned due to poor economic return and negative impact on soil ***,the six cropping systems,maize-fallow(M-F),maize t cowpea-rapeseed(M t C-Rs),maize t cowpea-buckwheat(M t C-Bw),maize t cowpea-barley(M t CeB),maize t cowpea-garden pea(M t C-GP)and maize t cowpeaerajmash(M t C-R)in the main plot and three soil moisture conservation measures,no-mulch(NM),maize stover mulch(MSM)and maize stover t weed biomass mulch(MSM t WBM)in sub-plot were evaluated for four consecutive years(2014-18)at a Research Farm in fixed plot *** indicated that cowpea co-culture with maize and inclusion of winter crop increased maize yield by 6.2e23.5%over *** the systems,the M t C-GP recorded the highest crop *** residual effect of MSM t WBM increased maize grain yield by 19.1%over *** of maize t cowpea-winter crops significantly improved the available N(3.2e12.9%),P(3.6 e12.7%),K(1.9e26.3%),organic carbon(9.2e16.8%),microbial biomass carbon-MBC(15.2e43.9%)and dehydrogenases-DHA(17.2e42.3%)in soil at 0e15 cm depth as compared to *** M t C-GP also recorded maximum net return(US$2460 ha1),benefit:cost(B:C)ratio(2.86)and energy use efficiency(7.9%).The MSM t WBM recorded higher net return(US$1680 ha1)and B:C ratio(2.46)over ***,cowpea t maize-garden pea(M t C-GP)along with the application of MSM t WBM is a sustainable production practice to intensify the organically managed maize-fallow system in rainfed regions of the EHR of India and other similar ecosystems.

关键词： Crop intensification Energy productivity Gross return Soil health Water productivity

Development of polyvinylpyrrolidone/paclitaxel self-assemblies for breast cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第4期8卷 602-614页

作者： Pallabita Chowdhury Prashanth K.B.Nagesh Sheema Khan Bilal B.Hafeez subhash C.Chauhan Meena Jaggi Murali M.Yallapu Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research University of Tennessee Health Science Center

The goal of this investigation was to develop and demonstrate a polymer/paclitaxel selfassembly(PTX-SA) formulation. Polymer/PTX-SAs were screened based on smaller size of formulation using dynamic light scattering analysis. Additionally, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry studies exhibited that polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)-based PTX-SAs(PVP/PTX-SAs) had superior cellular internalization capability in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The optimized PVP/PTXSAs exhibited less toxicity to human red blood cells indicating a suitable formulation for reducing systemic toxicity. The formation of PVP and PTX self-assemblies was confirmed using fluorescence quenching and transmission electron microscopy which indicated that the PVP/PTX-SAs were spherical in shape with an average size range of 53.81 nm as detected by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).FTIR spectral analysis demonstrates incorporation of polymer and paclitaxel functional groups in PVP/PTX-SAs. Both proliferation(MTS) and clonogenic(colony formation) assays were used to validate superior anticancer activity of PVP/PTX-SAs in breast cancer cells over paclitaxel. Such superior anticancer activity was also demonstrated by downregulation of the expression of pro-survival protein(Bcl-x L), upregulation of apoptosis-associated proteins(Bid, Bax, cleaved caspase 7, and cleaved PARP)and β-tubulin stabilization. These results support the hypothesis that PVP/PTX-SAs improved paclitaxel delivery to cancer cells.

关键词： Drug delivery Nanoparticles Self-assemblies Polymer Cancer therapeutics Breast cancer

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汽车车身钣金加强肋隔声性能实测与计算分析

振动与冲击 2020年第5期39卷 227-234页

作者：袁忠湘 subhash Rakheja 肖毅谢新星上官文斌朱钢华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广州510640 宁波拓普集团股份有限公司宁波315800 宁波润轴汽配有限公司宁波315800

研究了汽车车身钣金加强肋隔声性能实测与计算分析,利用SEA方法和FE-SEA方法建立薄板隔声量计算模型,并与测试值进行对比验证。以车身钣金加强肋高度、宽度、加强肋开孔及钣金加强肋布置密度等因素为变量,设计并制造出不同方案的车身钣... 详细信息

研究了汽车车身钣金加强肋隔声性能实测与计算分析,利用SEA方法和FE-SEA方法建立薄板隔声量计算模型,并与测试值进行对比验证。以车身钣金加强肋高度、宽度、加强肋开孔及钣金加强肋布置密度等因素为变量,设计并制造出不同方案的车身钣金加强肋,然后在混响室-全消室中测试了不同方案钣金加强肋隔声量。试验结果表明,钣金加强肋宽度增加,隔声量在全频段上增大;在钣金加强肋上开孔,隔声量下降;钣金加强肋布置密度增大,隔声曲线峰值、谷值增多。基于试验与计算对比结果,对汽车车身钣金加强肋隔声量计算影响因素进行了分析。

关键词：汽车车身钣金加强肋隔声量 FE-SEA混合建模隔声测试隔声计算

Hybrid Neural Network Architecture for On-Line Learning

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Intelligent Information Management 2010年第4期2卷 253-261页

作者： Yuhua Chen subhash Kak Lei Wang 不详

Approaches to machine intelligence based on brain models use neural networks for generalization but they do so as signal processing black boxes. In reality, the brain consists of many modules that operate in parallel at different levels. In this paper we propose a more realistic biologically inspired hybrid neural network architecture that uses two kinds of neural networks simultaneously to consider short-term and long-term characteristics of the signal. The first of these networks quickly adapts to new modes of operation whereas the second one provides more accurate learning within a specific mode. We call these networks the surfacing and deep learning agents and show that this hybrid architecture performs complementary functions that improve the overall learning. The performance of the hybrid architecture has been compared with that of back-propagation perceptrons and the CC and FC networks for chaotic time-series prediction, the CATS benchmark test, and smooth function approximation. It is shown that the proposed architecture provides a superior performance based on the RMS error criterion.

关键词： Neural Networks Instantaneously Trained Networks Back-Propagation On-Line Learning